TECNOLOGÍAS EN EDUCACIÓN EN SALUD PARA PERSONAS CON DISCAPACIDAD VISUAL: REVISIÓN INTEGRATIVA

Aguiar, Adriana Sousa Carvalho de; Almeida, Paulo César de; Grimaldi, Monaliza Ribeiro Mariano; Guimarães, Fernanda Jorge

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem

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Brasil

Español English

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Sumário

Literature Review • Texto contexto - enferm. 31 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2021-0236en copiar

TECNOLOGÍAS EN EDUCACIÓN EN SALUD PARA PERSONAS CON DISCAPACIDAD VISUAL: REVISIÓN INTEGRATIVA

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objetivo: investigar la evidencia científica sobre tecnologías existentes y/o tecnologías que se utilizan para la educación en salud de personas con discapacidad visual.

Método:

revisión integradora realizada en las bases de datos MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, vía Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, Web of Science, Scopus y Cochrane Library, en noviembre de 2021.

Resultados:

se identificaron 18 artículos, de los cuales ocho estudios fueron publicados en revistas de enfermería. En cuanto a los países que fueron sitios de investigación, diez estudios fueron publicados en Brasil y los demás en países como Estados Unidos, Irán, India, Turquía y Portugal. Los temas más abordados por las tecnologías fueron la salud sexual y reproductiva y la salud bucal. Los otros eran sobre lactancia materna, salud ocupacional, presión arterial alta, diabetes y drogas. En cuanto a los tipos de recursos de accesibilidad utilizados en las tecnologías, predominó en diez estudios el uso de audio, a través de texto o CD, y recursos que exploraron el sentido táctil de los invidentes, a través de prototipos didácticos anatómicos, manuales didácticos con figuras en alto relieve y diferentes texturas, en nueve artículos. Otros recursos de accesibilidad fueron la audiodescripción, las tecnologías mediadas por el uso de internet y/o la computadora y los materiales impresos en braille. Predominaron los estudios metodológicos y, en catorce estudios, la tecnología se aplicó a personas con discapacidad visual.

Conclusión:

los estudios demostraron la idoneidad y factibilidad de las tecnologías desarrolladas para la educación en salud de personas con discapacidad visual, ya que ofrecen conocimiento sobre los temas propuestos y acceso equitativo a los materiales educativos para este grupo.

DESCRIPTORES:
Educación para la salud; Materiales de enseñanza; Tecnologia Educacional; Personas con discapacidad visual; Recursos audiovisuales

Year/ Country	Technology/ Content	Results/Conclusions	LoE^*
2021 Turkey1818. Öz HG, Yangin HB. Evaluation of a web‑based sexual health education program for individuals with visual impairments. Sex Disabil [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Nov 20];39(3):1-16. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11195-021-09692-1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11195-021-09692...	Site Web Sexual Health	Site evaluated by experts and people with visual impairment. Accessibility, quality and content considered appropriate, and can be used as an education method for people with visual impairment.	Does not apply
2020 Portugal1919. Almeida AMP, Beja J, Pedro L, Rodrigues F, Clemente M, Vieira R, et al. Development of an online digital resource accessible for students with visual impairment or blindness: challenges and strategies. Work [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Mar 20];65(2):333-42. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-203085 https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-203085...	Interactive primer online/ Occupational Safety and Health	Online digital resource development that used web accessibility guidelines and audio and audio description features. Online digital resources can become inclusive when adjusted with accessibility features.	Does not apply
2020 Iran2020. Sharififard N, Sargeran K, Gholami M, Zayeri F. A music- and game-based oral health education for visually impaired school children; multilevel analysis of a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Oral Health [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Nov 20];20(1):144. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-020-01131-5 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-020-01131...	Game, Music, audio features and touch models Oral Health	The effect of different resources was evaluated. The technique mediated by audio and tactile features is an effective method to improve the oral health status of visually impaired students.	II
2018 India2121. Das D, Suresan V, Jnaneswar A, Pathi J, Subramaniam GB. Effectiveness of a novel oral health education technique in maintenance of gingival health and plaque removal efficacy among institutionalized visually impaired children of Bhubaneswar city: a randomized controlled trial. Spec Care Dentist [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 Nov 20];39(2):125-34. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/scd.12350 https://doi.org/10.1111/scd.12350...	Audio features, and touch models Oral Health	A new health education technique (audio and tactile resources) was shown to be in equality with the traditional method of combining audio and text in Braille in the maintenance of oral health.	II
2018 India2222. Gautam A, Bhambal A, Moghe S. Impact of oral health education by audio aids, braille and tactile models on the oral health status of visually impairedchildren of Bhopal City. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2021 Nov 20];36(1):82-5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4103/JISPPD.JISPPD_307_16 https://doi.org/10.4103/JISPPD.JISPPD_30...	Audio features, Braille and touch models Oral Health	The combination of audio, Braille and tactile models is an effective way to provide oral health education and improve the oral health status of visually impaired children.	III
2018 Brazil2323. Carvalho LV, Carvalho AT, Áfio ACE, Silva ASR, Silva MG, Pagliuca LMF. Construction of assistive technology as online course for the blind about hypertension. Rev Bras Enferm [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2021 Mar 20];71(4):1970-6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0056 https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0...	Online course/ Hypertension	Completed course construction stage. The course was structured through accessibility criteria, offering knowledge and contributing to the inclusion of digital educational materials.	Does not apply
2018 Brazil2424. Oliveira MG, Áfio ACE, Almeida PC, Machado MMT, Lindsay AC, Pagliuca LMF. Teaching blind women about the anatomy and physiology of the female reproductive system through educational manual. Rev Bras Saúde Mater Infant [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2021 Mar 20];18(4):763-9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042018000400005 https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042018000...	Manual in Braille and ink with embossed figures/ Female reproductive system	Blind learning was evaluated through the use of an educational manual. There was an increase in correct answers in the post-test. Manual allowed learning of participants after use.	Does not apply
2017 United States2525. Rector K, Vilardaga R, Lansky L, Lu K, Bennett CL, Ladner RE, et al. Design and real-world evaluation of eyes-free yoga: an exergame for blind and low-vision exercise. ACM Trans Access Comput [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2021 Mar 20];9(4):12. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1145/3022729 https://doi.org/10.1145/3022729...	Exergame with auditory feedback Yoga	Participants practiced yoga more consistently; frequency and time of physical activity.	VI
2017 Brazil2626. Oliveira PMP, Pagliuca LMF, Cezario KG, Almeida PC, Beserra GL. Breastfeeding: validation of assistive audio technology for the visually impaired individual. Acta Paul Enferm [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2021 Mar 20];30(2):122-8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0194201700020 https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-01942017000...	Online audio string literature Breastfeeding	Technology validated by the target audience that considered it appropriate, with good general organization, structure, presentation strategy and coherence, appropriate understanding.	Does not apply
2017 Brazil2727. Guimarães FJ, Pagliuca LMF. Validation of assistive technology on psychoactive substances for visually impaired people. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2021 Mar 20];14(3):236-40. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/17483107.2017.1421270 https://doi.org/10.1080/17483107.2017.14...	Audio text/ Psychoactive Substances	After validation process, the technology was considered valid and reliable to inform people with visual impairment about psychoactive substances.	Does not apply
2017 India2828. Debnath A, Srivastava BK, Shetty P, Eshwar S. New vision for improving the oral health education of visually impaired children- a non randomized control trial. J Clin Diagn Res [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2021 Nov 20];11(7):ZC29-32. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2017/26515.10170 https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2017/26515....	Brushing technique with music, dental plaster model and Braille booklet Oral Health	Results of the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices index was higher in the post-intervention period, as well as a significant decrease in oral plaque.	III
2016 Brazil2929. Oliveira GOB, Cavalcante LDW, Pagliuca LMF, Almeida PC, Rebouças CBA. Prevention of sexually transmitted diseases among visually impaired people: educational text validation. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2021 Mar 20];24:e2775. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.0906.2775 https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.0906.2...	Audio-rhymed text/ Sexually Transmitted Diseases	Technology validated by experts in relation to content, showing adequate objectives, structure, presentation and relevance.	Does not apply
2015 Brazil3030. Cavalcante LDW, Oliveira GOB, Almeida PC, Rebouças CBA, Pagliuca LMF. Assistive technology for visually impaired women for use of the female condom: a validation study. Rev Esc Enferm USP [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2021 Mar 20];49(1):14-21. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0080-623420150000100002 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0080-6234201500...	Tactile prototype simulates vaginal canal with audio instructions/ Female condom	Technology evaluated by experts who considered it appropriate. Low cost instrument and valid for health promotion.	Does not apply
2013 Brazil3131. Mariano MR, Rebouças CBA, Pagliuca LMF. Educative game on drugs for blind individuals: development and assessment. Rev Esc Enferm USP [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2021 Mar 20];47(4):930-6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0080-623420130000400022 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0080-6234201300...	Tactile educational game/ Psychoactive substances	According to the evaluation of experts and blind people, the game proved to be adequate to the target audience, as it provides information on psychoactive substances in a playful and accessible way.	Does not apply
2009 United States3232. Wilian AS. Making diabetes education accessible for people with visual impairment. Diabetes Educ [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2021 Mar 20];35(4):612-21. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/0145721709335005 https://doi.org/10.1177/0145721709335005...	Materials with enlarged printed letters, braille and audio/ Diabetes	Changes made to educational materials and programs about diabetes, leaving them in a format accessible to people with visual impairment.	VI
2005 Brazil3333. Pagliuca LMF, Costa EM. Educational technology for breast self-examination in blind women. Rev Rene [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2021 Mar 20];6(1):77-85. Available from: http://periodicos.ufc.br/rene/article/view/5473 http://periodicos.ufc.br/rene/article/vi...	Anatomical prototype of the breast and audio CD Breast cancer	The use of hearing and touch facilitated the learning and assimilation of informative content by the participants.	Does not apply
2003 Brazil3434. Pagliuca LMF, Macedo KNF, Silva GRF. Tactile material for the prevention of blood hypertension in blind people. Rev Rene [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2021 Nov 20];4(2):75-81. Available from: http://periodicos.ufc.br/rene/article/view/5704/4088 http://periodicos.ufc.br/rene/article/vi...	Anatomical heart cut Hypertension	Blind people considered the tactile model very didactic, easy to handle and helped in understanding hypertension.	Does not apply
1999 Brazil3535. Pagliuca LMF, Rodrigues JO. Barrier contraceptive methods and IUDs: educational technology for the visually impaired. Rev Bras Enferm [Internet]. 1999 [cited 2021 Nov 20];52(3):413-22. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71671999000300011 https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-7167199900...	Recording text on K7 tape and materials for tactile exploration Contraceptive methods	Self-instructional material evaluated by blind people who considered it with adequate content and language contributed to knowledge and communication.	VI

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pós Graduação em Enfermagem Campus Universitário Trindade, 88040-970 Florianópolis - Santa Catarina - Brasil, Tel.: (55 48) 3721-4915 / (55 48) 3721-9043 - Florianópolis - SC - Brazil
E-mail: textoecontexto@contato.ufsc.br

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[1] CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Adriana Sousa Carvalho de Aguiar adriana.aguiar@aluno.uece.br