EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION TO INCREASE THE SKILL OF INFORMAL CAREGIVERS: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL PILOT STUDY

Rodrigues, Thamires Fernandes Cardoso da Silva; Cardoso, Luana Cristina Bellini; Rêgo, Anderson da Silva; Silva, Eraldo Schunk; Elias, Maria de Fátima de Araújo Lopes; Radovanovic, Cremilde Aparecida Trindade

doi:10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2020-0152

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Original Article • Texto contexto - enferm. 30 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2020-0152 copy

EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION TO INCREASE THE SKILL OF INFORMAL CAREGIVERS: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL PILOT STUDY

INTERVENCIÓN EDUCATIVA PARA AUMENTAR LA COMPETENCIA DEL CUIDADOR INFORMAL: UN ESTUDIO PILOTO CUASI-EXPERIMENTAL

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective

to compare the skill of informal caregivers to care for dependent people undergoing educational planning discharge intervention with and without follow-up at home.

Method

this is a quasi-experimental, randomized, simple pilot study, with pre and post-test, not blind, however, with blind assessment of the outcomes, with two follow-up interventions. It was carried out between October 2019 and January 2020 in Maringá, Brazil, with 21 informal caregivers of dependent people, randomized to Intervention Group I and Intervention Group II. Group I underwent an educational intervention consisting of guidance and training during the hospitalization period, with follow-up after hospital discharge by nurses at home, and participants in Group II received only guidance at the hospital. To assess the difference in the level of skill, the COPER 14 instrument was used, applied at times 0, week 1 and week 4, submitting the results to analysis of variance.

Results

group I had more than twice as much (mean score=8.94) of skill as Group II (mean score=3.90), with a significant increase in practically all the variables analyzed. A significant increase in the score ranks was detected between the variables cognitive and behavioral skill (1.19 - 3.00, p=0.001), psychomotor (1.13 - 3.00, p=0.001) and relational (1.75 - 2.75, p=0.037) in Group I.

Conclusion

the educational intervention given to the Intervention Group I (IG-I) was effective in increasing the skill of informal caregivers of dependent people. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials RBR-5rzmzf.

DESCRIPTORS:
Caregivers; Nursing care; Health education; Transitional care; Comparative study

Assessment	N	Mean score	p-value
Point 0 (hospital)
IG-I	13	11.23	0.4280
IG-II	8	10.62	0.4280
4^th week (home)
IG-I	8	8.94	0.0139*
IG-II	5	3.90	0.0139*

COPER 14 questions	Intervention Group I (IG - I)						p*	Intervention Group II (IG - II)				p †
	Point 0 - Hospital		1st week -Home		4th week - Home			Point 0 - Hospital		4th week - Home
	Med±SD	95%CI	Med±SD	95%CI	Med±SD	95%CI		Med±SD	95%CI	Med±SD	95%CI
1 - CES	3.00±0.70	2.65-3.85	3.00±0.75	2.37-3.63	4.00±0.64	3.59-4.66	0.002	2.50±1.21	1.39-3.93	3.00±0.63	2.33-3.66	0.317
2 - PS	3.00±0.70	2.15-3.34	3.00±0.53	2.55-3.63	4.00±0.46	3.86-4.64	0.002	3.00±0.51	2.12-3.20	2.50±1.21	1.39-3.93	1.000
3 - PS	2.50±0.88	1.50-2.99	2.00±0.91	1.61-3.14	4.00±0.70	3.16-4.34	0.003	2.00±0.51	1.12-2.20	2.50±1.04	1.39-3.60	0.102
4 - CES	2.00±0.51	1.19-2.05	2.00±0.70	1.66-2.84	4.00±0.53	3.55-4.45	0.001	2.00±0.75	1.04-2.62	2.00±0.75	1.37-2.95	0.317
5 - CES	3.00±0.75	1.86-3.13	3.50±0.53	3.05-3.95	4.00±0.64	3.59-4.66	0.002	2.50±0.54	1.92-3.07	3.00±0.75	2.73-3.59	0.102
6 - PS	3.00±1.16	1.77-3.72	3.00±0.46	2.86-3.64	4.00±0.64	3.34-4.41	0.012	3.50±0.54	2.92-4.07	3.00±0.40	1.24-3.41	0.317
7 - RS	2.00±1.03	1.38-3.11	3.00±0.83	2.34-3.41	4.00±0.64	3.34-4.41	0.010	2.00±0.40	1.40-2.26	2.00±1.03	1.80-3.86	0.414
8 - RS	3.50±1.12	2.18-4.06	3.00±0.51	1.86-3.39	4.00±0.75	3.37-4.63	0.011	2.00±1.03	1.58-3.75	2.50±0.98	1.43-4.22	0.655
9 - RS	4.00±1.06	2.48-4.26	3.00±0.64	2.34-3.41	4.00±0.53	3.55-4.45	0.030	3.00±0.89	2.06-3.93	2.00±1.32	2.33-3.66	0.785
10 - PS	3.00±1.18	1.63-3.61	3.50±0.74	2.75-4.00	4.00±0.35	3.58-4.17	0.006	3.00±0.40	2.40-3.26	3.00±0.63	2.33-3.66	0.655
11 - PS	3.00±1.16	1.77-3.72	4.00±0.51	3.19-4.06	4.00±0.53	3.55-4.45	0.006	2.50±0.81	1.80-3.52	3.00±0.51	2.79-3.87	0.102
12 - CES	3.00±0.75	2.36-3.63	3.00±0.53	2.55-3.45	4.00±0.70	3.16-4.34	0.006	3.00±0.40	2.73-3.59	3.00±0.40	2.73-3.59	1.000
13 - CES	3.00±0.70	2.65-3.84	3.50±0.53	3.05-3.95	4.00±0.51	3.94-4.81	0.002	3.00±0.40	2.73-3.59	3.00±0.83	2.62-4.37	0.317
14 - CES	2.50±1.06	1.73-3.51	3.00±0.83	2.18-3.57	3.50±1.06	2.74-4.51	0.142	3.00±0.63	2.33-3.66	2.50±1.16	1.60-4.06	0.705
General score	2.82±0.65	2.17-3.26	2.75±0.39	2.46-3.12	4.07±0.36	3.66-5.28	0.002	2.57±0.34	2.29-3.01	2.57±0.70	1.97-3.45	0.414
Dimensions
Knowledge	2.64±0.46	2.09-2.87	2.92±0.41	2.54-3.24	4.00±0.44	3.62-5.27	0.000	2.42±0.26	2.10-2.66	2.50±0.70	1.97-3.45	0.285
Adaptation	3.50±1.03	2.38-4.11	3.00±0.75	2.11-3.88	4.00±0.59	3.50-4.49	0.009	2.50±0.93	1.85-3.81	2.25±1.12	1.65-4.01	0.655
Preparation	2.80±0.83	3.15-3.54	3.00±0.38	2.95-3.59	4.00±0.48	3.51-4.33	0.001	2.80±0.32	2.63-3.30	2.80±0.59	2.34-3.88	0.655
Construct
CES	2.75±0.51	2.27-3.14	2.91±0.39	2.69-3.34	4.08±0.36	3.69-4.30	0.001	2.58±0.45	2.24-3.20	2.66±0.66	2.27-3.60	0.680
PS	2.70±0.78	1.97-3.27	3.20±0.42	2.76-3.27	4.00±0.38	3.63-4.26	0.001	2.70±0.16	2.49-2.83	2.70±0.64	2.26-3.60	0.461
RS	3.00±0.97	2.10-3.72	3.00±0.68	2.21-3.36	4.00±0.48	3.55-4.36	0.021	2.33±0.54	1.92-3.07	2.16±1.05	1.56-3.77	0.581

COPER 14 questions	Overall			Point 0 versus 1^st week			Point 0 versus 4^th week			1^st week versus 4^th week
COPER 14 questions	X²	DF	p*	Ranks	p*	p †	Ranks	p*	p †	Ranks	p*	p †
1 - CES	13.000	2	0.002	1.75	0.453	1.000	1.38	0.024	0.073	2.88	0.003	0.008
2 - PS	13.000	2	0.002	1.50	0.901	1.000	1.56	0.006	0.018	2.94	0.004	0.012
3 - PS	11.385	2	0.003	1.50	0.803	1.000	1.63	0.012	0.037	2.88	0.006	0.018
4 - CES	13.923	2	0.001	1.31	0.382	1.000	1.75	0.018	0.053	2.94	0.001	0.003
5 - CES	12.250	2	0.002	1.19	0.061	0.182	2.13	0.261	0.782	2.69	0.003	0.008
6 - PS	8.812	2	0.012	1.50	0.532	1.000	1.81	0.080	0.240	2.69	0.018	0.053
7 - RS	9.250	2	0.010	1.38	0.261	0.782	1.94	0.134	0.401	2.69	0.009	0.026
8 - RS	8.963	2	0.011	2.00	0.169	0.507	1.94	0.169	0.507	2.69	0.006	0.018
9 - RS	7.043	2	0.030	2.00	0.261	0.782	1.44	0.261	0.782	2.56	0.024	0.073
10 - PS	10.300	2	0.006	1.31	0.104	0.312	2.13	0.382	1.000	2.56	0.012	0.037
11 - PS	10.300	2	0.006	1.50	0.104	0.312	2.00	0.382	1.000	2.50	0.012	0.037
12 - CES	10.286	2	0.006	1.63	1.000	1.000	1.63	0.024	0.073	2.75	0.024	0.073
13 - CES	12.091	2	0.002	1.44	0.532	1.000	1.75	0.034	0.101	2.81	0.006	0.018
14 - CES‡	3.909	2	0.142	1.63	-	-	1.94	-	-	2.44	-	-
General score	12.250	2	0.002	1.63	0.617	1.000	1.38	0.006	0.018	3.00	0.001	0.003
Dimensions
Knowlwedge	15.548	2	0.000	1.06	0.080	0.240	1.94	0.034	0.101	3.00	0.000	0.000
Adaptation	9.500	2	0.009	1.94	0.211	0.634	1.31	0.104	0.312	2.75	0.004	0.012
Preparation	13.867	2	0.001	1.25	0.317	0.952	1.75	0.012	0.037	3.00	0.000	0.001
Construct
Cognitive and behavioral skill	14.966	2	0.001	1.19	0.211	0.634	1.81	0.018	0.053	3.00	0.000	0.001
Psychomotor skill	15.200	2	0.001	1.13	0.134	0.401	1.88	0.024	0.073	3.00	0.000	0.001
Relational skill	7.7724	2	0.021	1.75	0.617	1.000	1.50	0.046	0.137	2.75	0.012	0.037

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[1] CONTRIBUTION OF AUTHORITY

Study design: Rodrigues TFCS, Elias MFAL, Radovanovic CAT. Data collection: Rodrigues TFCS, Cardoso LCB, SILVA ES. Analysis and interpretation of results: Rodrigues TFCS, Cardoso LCB, Rêgo AS, SILVA ES, Radovanovic CAT. Writing and/or critical review of content: Rodrigues TFCS, Cardoso LCB, Rêgo AS, SILVA ES, Elias MFAL, Radovanovic CAT. Review and approval of the final version: Rodrigues TFCS, Cardoso LCB, Rêgo AS, SILVA ES, Elias MFAL, Radovanovic CAT.