Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) spawning in the southeast Brazilian Bight over the period 1976-1993

Matsuura, Yasunobu

doi:10.1590/S1413-77391998000100003

Abstracts

Based on sampling over the period 1976-1993 in the southeast Brazilian Bight, the distribution of spawning of the Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasi/iensis) is described in relation to environmental conditions. The area of intense spawning occurs in the southern part of the bight where coastal upwelling was less /Tequent. Spawning intensity showed high interannllal variation and the egg abundance in the survey area ranged /Tom 99 billion eggs in the January 1988 cruise to 4669 billion eggs in the January 1981 cruise. Peak spawning takes place one hour after midnight and eggs hatch . out within 19 hours with a water temperature of 24 °e.

Brazilian sardine; Spawning area; Southeast Brazilian Bight

Baseado nos dados coletados durante nove cruzeiros oceanográficos realizados na região sudeste, as áreas de desova da sardinha-verdadeira (Sardinella brasiliensis) foram apresentadas c discutidas em relação às condições oceanográficas. As áreas de desova intensiva foram localizadas na parte sul da área de investigação, onde a ressurgência costeira foi menos freqüente. A intensidade de desova demonstrou uma variação anual relativamente grande. A produção total de ovos da sardinha- verdadeira variou de 99 bilhões de ovos durante o cruzeiro de janeiro de 1988 para 4669 bilhões de ovos em janeiro de 1981. O pico de desova ocorre na camada de mistura de superfície uma hora após a meia noite e os ovos eclodem em 19 horas com a temperatura de água 24 °e.

Sardinha-verdadeira; Área de desova; Região sudeste

RESEARCH ARTICLES

Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) spawning in the southeast Brazilian Bight over the period 1976-1993

Yasunobu Matsuura

Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (Caixa Postal 66149, 05315-970 São Paulo, SP, Brasil)

ABSTRACT

Based on sampling over the period 1976-1993 in the southeast Brazilian Bight, the distribution of spawning of the Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasi/iensis) is described in relation to environmental conditions. The area of intense spawning occurs in the southern part of the bight where coastal upwelling was less /Tequent. Spawning intensity showed high interannllal variation and the egg abundance in the survey area ranged /Tom 99 billion eggs in the January 1988 cruise to 4669 billion eggs in the January 1981 cruise. Peak spawning takes place one hour after midnight and eggs hatch . out within 19 hours with a water temperature of 24°e.

Descriptors: Brazilian sardine. Spawning area, Southeast Brazilian Bight.

RESUMO

Baseado nos dados coletados durante nove cruzeiros oceanográficos realizados na região sudeste, as áreas de desova da sardinha-verdadeira (Sardinella brasiliensis) foram apresentadas c discutidas em relação às condições oceanográficas. As áreas de desova intensiva foram localizadas na parte sul da área de investigação, onde a ressurgência costeira foi menos freqüente. A intensidade de desova demonstrou uma variação anual relativamente grande. A produção total de ovos da sardinha- verdadeira variou de 99 bilhões de ovos durante o cruzeiro de janeiro de 1988 para 4669 bilhões de ovos em janeiro de 1981. O pico de desova ocorre na camada de mistura de superfície uma hora após a meia noite e os ovos eclodem em 19 horas com a temperatura de água 24 °e.

Descriptores: Sardinha-verdadeira. Área de desova, Região sudeste.

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Acknowledgements

The author wishes to thank Dr. Alec D. MacCall of the Southwest Fisheries Science Center for the revision and critical reading of the manuscript. I also thank the captain W.C. Freitas and crew of the R/V "Prof. W Besnard" for their cooperation during survey cruises. The present investigation received the financial support of the CIRM, F APESP and CNJPq. The author received a research fellowship of the CNPq (process no. 301675/82) during investigation. This is a product of the SCOR Working Group 98. Two anonymous reviewers are thanked for their useful comments and suggestions.

(Manuscript received 27 October 1997; revised 12 February 1998; accepted 08 April 1998)

Ahlstrom, E. H. 1943. Studies on the Pacific pilchard or sardine (Sardinops caerulea). 4. Influence of temperature on the rate of development of pilchard eggs in nature. Spec. scient. Rep., U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv.,23:1-26.
Aitchison, J. 1955. On the distribution of a positive random variable having a discrete probability mass at the origino J. Am. statist. Ass., 50:901-908.
Alheit, J.; Wahl, E. & Cihangir, B. 1987. Distribution, abundanee, development rates, production and mortality of sprat eggs. ICES. Coune. Meet. 7p.
Asano, K.; Matsuura, Y. & Katsuragawa, M. 1991. Daily egg production of the Brazilian anchovy, Engraulis anchoita. Buli. Fac. Bioresour., Mie
Blaxter, J. H. S. & Hollyday, F. a. T. 1963. The behaviour and physiology of herring and other clupeoids. Adv. mar. Biol., 1:261-393.
Carter, J. & Perrine, D. 1994. A spawning aggregation of dog snapper, Lutjanus jocu (Pisces: Lutjanidae) in Belize, Central America. Buli. mar. Sci., 55(1 ):228~234.
Castello, J. P.; Habiaga,R. P.; Amaral, J. C. & Lima Jr, I. D. 1991. Prospecção hidroacústica e avaliação da biomassa de sardinha e anchoita, na região sudeste do Brasil (outubro/novembro de 1988). Publção esp. Inst. oceanogr., S Paulo, (8):15-29.
Cergole, M. C. 1995. Stock assessment of the Brazilian sardine, Sardinella brasiliensis, of the southeastern coast of Brazil. Scientia Marina, 59(3-4):597-610.
Colin, P. L.; Shapiro, D. Y. & Weiler, D. 1987. Aspects of the reproduction of two groupers, Epinephelus guttatus and E. striatus in the West Indies. BulI. mar. Sci.,40(2):220-230.
Colin; P. L. 1992. Reproduction of the Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus, (Pisces: Serranidae) and its relationship to environrnental conditions. Envir. Biol. Fish., 34(4):357-377.
Cuellar, N.; Sedberry, a. R. & Wyanski, D. M. 1996. Reproductive seasonality, maturation, fecundity, and spawning !Tequency of the vermilion snapper, Rhomboplites aurorubens, off the southeastern United States. Fish. Bull., 94(4):635-65
Cushing, D. H. 1960. Fishing gear and fish behaviour. In: Rosa Jr., H. & Murphy, a. eds Proceedings of the world scientific meeting on the Biology of sardines and related species. Roma, FAO. 3:1307-1326.
Ito, S. 1958. On the relation between water temperature and incubation time of sardine (Sardinops melanosticta). Ann. Rep. Japan Sea reg. Fish. Lab., 4:25-31.
Le Clus, F. & Malan, P. E. 1995. Models of temperature-dependent rate of development of pilehard Sardinops sagax eggs, to be used in routine procedures for estimating daily egg production. S. A&. J. mar. Sei., 16:1-8.
Lo, N. C. H.; Ruiz, Y. A. a.; Cervantes, M. J.; Moser, H. a. & Lynn, R. J. 1996. Egg production and spawning biomass of Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) in 1994, determined by the daily egg production method. CalCOFI Rept., 37: 160-174.
Lobel, P. S. 1978. Diel, lunar, and seasonal periodicity in the reproductive behavior of the Pomacanthid fish, Centropyge potteri, and some other reef fishes in Hawaii. Pacif. Sci.,32(2):193-207.
Matsuura, Y. 1971. A study of the life history of Brazilian sardine, Sardinella aurita. I. Distribution and abundance of sardine eggs in the region of Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro. Bolm lnst. oceanogr., S Paulo, 20( I ):33-60.
Matsuura, Y. 1979. Distribution and abundance of eggs and larvae of the Brazilian sardine, Sardine/la brasiliensis, during 1974-75 and 1975-76 seasons. Bull.japan. Soc. Fish. Oceanogr., 34:1-12.
Matsuura, Y. 1983. Estudo comparativo das fases iniciais do ciclo de vida da sardinha-verdadeira, Sardinella brasiliensis e da sardinha-cascuda, Harengula jaguana, (Pisces: Clupeidae) e nota sobre a dinâmica da população da sardinha-verdadeira na região sudeste do Brasil. Tese de livre-docência. Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto Oceanográfico. 150p.
Matsuura, Y. 1996. A probable cause of recruitment failure of the Brazilian sardine Sardinella aurita population during the 1974/1975 spawning season. S. Afr. J. mar. Sci., 17:29-35.
Matsuura, Y.; Spach, H. L. & Katsuragawa, M. 1992. Comparison of spawning patterns of the Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) and anchoita (Engraulis anchoita) in Ubatuba region, southern Brazil during 1985 through 1988. Bolm Inst. oceanogr., S Paulo, 40(1/2):101-115.
Nakai, Z. 1962. Studies of influences of environmental factors upon ferti1ization and development of the Japanese sardine eggs with some reference to the number of their ova. Bull. Tokai reg. Fish. Res. Lab., 9: ) 09-150.
Pennington, M. 1983. Efficient estimators of abundance, for fish and plankton survcys. Biometrics, 39:281-286.
Pennington, M. 1996. Estimating the mean and variance from highly skewed marine data. Fish. Bull., 94(3):498-505.
Picquelle, S. J. & Hewitt, R. 1983. The northern anchovy spawning biomass for the 1982-1983 California fishing season. CalCOFI Rept., 24:1628.
Picquelle, S. J. & Hewitt, R. 1984. Estimates of the spawning biomass of the northern anchovy for the 1983-1984 California fishing season. CalCOFI Rept., 25:16-27.
Saccardo, S. A. & 'Rossi-Wongtschowski, C. L. D. B. 199). Biologia e avaliação do estoque da sardinha Sardlnella 'brasiliensis: uma compilação. Atlântica, Rio Grande, 13(1):29-43.
Sette, O. E. & Ahlstrom, E. H. 1948. Estimations of abundance of the eggs of the Pacific pilchard (Sardlnops caerulea) off southerrn California during 1940 and 1941. J. mar. Res., 7(3):511-542.
Simpson, A. C. 1971. Diel spawning behaviour in populations of plaice, dab, sprat and pilchard. J. du Cans., 34:58-65.
Simpson, J. G. & Gonzalez, G. 1967. Some aspects of the early life history and environment of the sardine, Sardinella anchovia, in eastern Venezuela. Ser. Recur. Explot. Pesq., t (2):38-83.
Tanaka, S. 1973. Stock assessment by means of ichthyoplankton surveys. F AO Fish. tech. Pap., 122:33-51.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
22 Apr 2013
Date of issue
1998

History

Accepted
08 Apr 1998
Reviewed
12 Feb 1998
Received
27 Oct 1997

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] Ahlstrom, E. H. 1943. Studies on the Pacific pilchard or sardine (Sardinops caerulea). 4. Influence of temperature on the rate of development of pilchard eggs in nature. Spec. scient. Rep., U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv.,23:1-26.

[2] Aitchison, J. 1955. On the distribution of a positive random variable having a discrete probability mass at the origino J. Am. statist. Ass., 50:901-908.

[3] Alheit, J.; Wahl, E. & Cihangir, B. 1987. Distribution, abundanee, development rates, production and mortality of sprat eggs. ICES. Coune. Meet. 7p.

[4] Asano, K.; Matsuura, Y. & Katsuragawa, M. 1991. Daily egg production of the Brazilian anchovy, Engraulis anchoita. Buli. Fac. Bioresour., Mie

[5] Blaxter, J. H. S. & Hollyday, F. a. T. 1963. The behaviour and physiology of herring and other clupeoids. Adv. mar. Biol., 1:261-393.

[6] Carter, J. & Perrine, D. 1994. A spawning aggregation of dog snapper, Lutjanus jocu (Pisces: Lutjanidae) in Belize, Central America. Buli. mar. Sci., 55(1 ):228~234.

[7] Castello, J. P.; Habiaga,R. P.; Amaral, J. C. & Lima Jr, I. D. 1991. Prospecção hidroacústica e avaliação da biomassa de sardinha e anchoita, na região sudeste do Brasil (outubro/novembro de 1988). Publção esp. Inst. oceanogr., S Paulo, (8):15-29.

[8] Cergole, M. C. 1995. Stock assessment of the Brazilian sardine, Sardinella brasiliensis, of the southeastern coast of Brazil. Scientia Marina, 59(3-4):597-610.

[9] Colin, P. L.; Shapiro, D. Y. & Weiler, D. 1987. Aspects of the reproduction of two groupers, Epinephelus guttatus and E. striatus in the West Indies. BulI. mar. Sci.,40(2):220-230.

[10] Colin; P. L. 1992. Reproduction of the Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus, (Pisces: Serranidae) and its relationship to environrnental conditions. Envir. Biol. Fish., 34(4):357-377.

[11] Cuellar, N.; Sedberry, a. R. & Wyanski, D. M. 1996. Reproductive seasonality, maturation, fecundity, and spawning !Tequency of the vermilion snapper, Rhomboplites aurorubens, off the southeastern United States. Fish. Bull., 94(4):635-65

[12] Cushing, D. H. 1960. Fishing gear and fish behaviour. In: Rosa Jr., H. & Murphy, a. eds Proceedings of the world scientific meeting on the Biology of sardines and related species. Roma, FAO. 3:1307-1326.

[13] Ito, S. 1958. On the relation between water temperature and incubation time of sardine (Sardinops melanosticta). Ann. Rep. Japan Sea reg. Fish. Lab., 4:25-31.

[14] Le Clus, F. & Malan, P. E. 1995. Models of temperature-dependent rate of development of pilehard Sardinops sagax eggs, to be used in routine procedures for estimating daily egg production. S. A&. J. mar. Sei., 16:1-8.

[15] Lo, N. C. H.; Ruiz, Y. A. a.; Cervantes, M. J.; Moser, H. a. & Lynn, R. J. 1996. Egg production and spawning biomass of Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) in 1994, determined by the daily egg production method. CalCOFI Rept., 37: 160-174.

[16] Lobel, P. S. 1978. Diel, lunar, and seasonal periodicity in the reproductive behavior of the Pomacanthid fish, Centropyge potteri, and some other reef fishes in Hawaii. Pacif. Sci.,32(2):193-207.

[17] Matsuura, Y. 1971. A study of the life history of Brazilian sardine, Sardinella aurita. I. Distribution and abundance of sardine eggs in the region of Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro. Bolm lnst. oceanogr., S Paulo, 20( I ):33-60.

[18] Matsuura, Y. 1979. Distribution and abundance of eggs and larvae of the Brazilian sardine, Sardine/la brasiliensis, during 1974-75 and 1975-76 seasons. Bull.japan. Soc. Fish. Oceanogr., 34:1-12.

[19] Matsuura, Y. 1983. Estudo comparativo das fases iniciais do ciclo de vida da sardinha-verdadeira, Sardinella brasiliensis e da sardinha-cascuda, Harengula jaguana, (Pisces: Clupeidae) e nota sobre a dinâmica da população da sardinha-verdadeira na região sudeste do Brasil. Tese de livre-docência. Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto Oceanográfico. 150p.

[20] Matsuura, Y. 1996. A probable cause of recruitment failure of the Brazilian sardine Sardinella aurita population during the 1974/1975 spawning season. S. Afr. J. mar. Sci., 17:29-35.

[21] Matsuura, Y.; Spach, H. L. & Katsuragawa, M. 1992. Comparison of spawning patterns of the Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) and anchoita (Engraulis anchoita) in Ubatuba region, southern Brazil during 1985 through 1988. Bolm Inst. oceanogr., S Paulo, 40(1/2):101-115.

[22] Nakai, Z. 1962. Studies of influences of environmental factors upon ferti1ization and development of the Japanese sardine eggs with some reference to the number of their ova. Bull. Tokai reg. Fish. Res. Lab., 9: ) 09-150.

[23] Pennington, M. 1983. Efficient estimators of abundance, for fish and plankton survcys. Biometrics, 39:281-286.

[24] Pennington, M. 1996. Estimating the mean and variance from highly skewed marine data. Fish. Bull., 94(3):498-505.

[25] Picquelle, S. J. & Hewitt, R. 1983. The northern anchovy spawning biomass for the 1982-1983 California fishing season. CalCOFI Rept., 24:1628.

[26] Picquelle, S. J. & Hewitt, R. 1984. Estimates of the spawning biomass of the northern anchovy for the 1983-1984 California fishing season. CalCOFI Rept., 25:16-27.

[27] Saccardo, S. A. & 'Rossi-Wongtschowski, C. L. D. B. 199). Biologia e avaliação do estoque da sardinha Sardlnella 'brasiliensis: uma compilação. Atlântica, Rio Grande, 13(1):29-43.

[28] Sette, O. E. & Ahlstrom, E. H. 1948. Estimations of abundance of the eggs of the Pacific pilchard (Sardlnops caerulea) off southerrn California during 1940 and 1941. J. mar. Res., 7(3):511-542.

[29] Simpson, A. C. 1971. Diel spawning behaviour in populations of plaice, dab, sprat and pilchard. J. du Cans., 34:58-65.

[30] Simpson, J. G. & Gonzalez, G. 1967. Some aspects of the early life history and environment of the sardine, Sardinella anchovia, in eastern Venezuela. Ser. Recur. Explot. Pesq., t (2):38-83.

[31] Tanaka, S. 1973. Stock assessment by means of ichthyoplankton surveys. F AO Fish. tech. Pap., 122:33-51.