Does physical activity improve adaptive behaviour, fitness, and quality of life of adults with intellectual disability?

Diz, Susana; Gomes, Fernando; Santos, Sofia

doi:10.1590/rbce.43.e001621

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Revista Brasileira de Ciências do Esporte

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Esporte 43 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/rbce.43.e001621 copy

Does physical activity improve adaptive behaviour, fitness, and quality of life of adults with intellectual disability?

A atividade física promove o comportamento adaptativo, aptidão física e qualidade de vida de adultos com dificuldade intelectual e desenvolvimental?

¿La actividad física promueve el comportamiento adaptativo, la aptitud física y los qualidad de vida de los adultos con dificultades intelectuales y de desarrollo?

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The effects of a physical activity program on adaptive behaviour, motor proficiency, fitness, and quality of life of 16 adults with intellectual disability (ID) were analysed. Portuguese versions of Adaptive Behavior Scale, Personal Outcomes Scale, Bruininsky-Oseretsky Motor Proficiency Test, and Fullerton scale were applied twice before, after, and one month after the program. Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests were used and Bonferroni manual correction was performed to establish a new p-value. The control group stabilized performance over time, the experimental group improved in most domains, such as socialization (p <0.005), responsibility (p <0.005), and arm curl (p <0.01). Our findings call for tailor-made interventions to improve PA levels among adults with ID.

Keywords:
Moderate activity; Health; Adult learning; Well-being; Quality of life

PABS – domains	GC vs. GE Mann-Whitney Test			Control Group (Wilcoxon test)		Experimental Group (Wilcoxon test)
PABS – domains	BAS	FEv	REv	BAS vs. FEv	FEv vs. REv	BAS vs. FEv	FEv vs. REv
Independent Functioning	.59	.59	.75	1.00	1.00	.32	.18
Physical Development	.19	.22	.79	.03	.06	.52	1.00
Economic Activity	.59	.71	.71	1.00	1.00	.18	1.00
Language Development	1.00	1,00	1.00	.32	.32	.56	.32
Numbers/Time	.92	.92	.92	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
Domestic Activity	.43	.49	.49	.32	.32	.07	1.00
Pre-Professional Activity	.79	.79	.71	1.00	.32	1.00	1.00
Self-Direction	.63	.32	.34	.32	.32	.03	.32
Responsibility	.56	.48	.83	.05	.02	.03	.005 (r=.35)
Socialization	.19	.37	.37	.046	.005 (r=.35)	.03	.005 (r=.35)
Social Behavior	.15	.11	.11	.66	1.00	1.00	1.00
Conformity	.18	.18	.18	.32	.32	1.00	1.00
Trustworthiness	.92	.96	.92	.18	.16	1.00	1.00
Stereotyped & Hyperactive Behavior	1.00	.92	.96	.32	1.00	.32	.32
Sexual Behavior	.24	.24	.24	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
Self-abusive Behavior	.70	.70	.45	1.00	1.00	1.00	.32
Social Engagement	.25	.25	.25	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
Disturbing Interpersonal Behavior	.46	.46	.34	1.00	.049	1.00	.26
Total	.92	.75	.80	.67	.39	.01 (r=.32)	.016

Areas	Control vs. Experimental Group MW			Control Group (W)		Experimental Group (W)
Areas	BAS	FEv	REv	BAS vs. FEv	FEv vs. REv	BAS vs. FEv	FEv vs. REv
Fine Manual Precision	.19	.15	.20	.71	.16	.46	.16
Fine Motor Integration	.15	.08	.08	.48	.19	.66	.10
Manual Dexterity	.31	.17	.22	.16	.53	.06	.16
Upper Limbs Coordination	.53	.06	.12	.32	1.00	.03	.03
Balance	.75	.04	.03	.053	.21	.04	.04
Run Speed/ Agility	.33	.87	.33	.16	.16	.50	.50
Strenght	1.00	.07	.02	.71	.06	.018	.16
Total	.56	.12	.09	.57	.61	.016	.53
Attention	.25	.02	.03	.32	.56	.08	.32
Fluidity of Movement	.37	.03	.03	1.00	1.00	.03	1.00
Effort	.009	.008(r=.21)	.003(r=.19)	1.00	.32	.32	.32
Comprehension	.32	.32	.32	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00

Items	Control vs. Experimental Group (MW)			Control Group (W)		Experimental Group (W)
Items	BAS	FEv	REv	BAS vs. FEv	FEv vs. Rev	BAS vs. FEv	FEv vs. Rev
Weight_kg	.46	.46	.46	.26	.04	.67	.48
30s chair stand	.29	.007(r=.17)	.009(r=.16)	.06	1.0	.38	.22
Arm curl	.71	.01 (r=.15)	.01 (r=.16)	.34	.047	.01(r=.32)	.046
sit&reach_left leg	.56	.15	.20	.88	.07	.07	.26
sit&reach_right leg	.24	.10	.12	.60	.20	.20	.33
2.44 up & go	.25	.09	.07	.78	.04	.16	.16
Back scratch_left arm	.88	.09	.25	.40	.05	.09	.22
Back_scratch right arm	.40	.14	.14	.18	.89	.01(r=.32)	.14
6min/m walk	.23	.08	.04	.05	.02	.33	.01 (r=.31)

Self-Report	CG vs. EG (MW)			CGroup (W)		EG (W)
Self-Report	BAS	FEv	REv	BAS vs. FEv	FEv vs. REv	BAS vs. FEv	FEv vs. REv
PD	.30	.96	.56	.18	.18	.02	.56
SD	.14	.59	.71	.71	.32	.07	.10
IR	.20	.67	.19	.02	.26	.26	.56
SI	.59	.91	.96	.06	1.00	.04	1.00
R	.52	.63	.63	1.00	1.00	.08	1.00
EWB	.08	.25	.21	.56	.32	.41	1.00
PWB	.79	.23	.16	.58	.16	.02	.32
MWB	.26	.20	.20	.16	1.00	.19	1.00
QoL_SR	.88	.60	.49	.03	.10	.02	.20
Proxy
PD	.49	.96	.71	.18	.16	.03	.16
SD	.34	.33	.55	.56	1.00	.08	.16
IR	.36	.15	.11	.32	.32	.10	1.00
SI	.52	.83	.70	.32	1.00	.05	.32
R	.55	.83	.83	.17	1.00	.32	1.00
EWB	.26	.52	.60	.60	.32	.10	1.00
PWB	.28	.75	.52	.10	.18	.03	.16
MWB	.30	.33	.33	.30	1.00	1.00	1.00
QoL_PR	.40	.75	.92	.91	.18	.01 (r=.32)	.03

Colégio Brasileiro de Ciências do Esporte Universidade de Brasilia - Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Faculdade de Educação Física, Asa Norte - CEP 70910-970 - Brasilia, DF - Brasil, Telefone: +55 (61) 3107-2542 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: rbceonline@gmail.com

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[1] *Corresponding author: Susana Diz E-mail: sucris.diz@gmail.com