Resumo
The effect of carotenoid pigments on the egg yolk color was studied in this paper. Three types of maize of known genetical constitution were used: Cateto, with deep orange endosperm; Armour, with yellow-orange endosperm and Cristal, with white endosperm. The carotenoid pigments of the two colored maizes were analysed: the total and both the active parts in relation to vitamin A and the zeaxanthin part showed to be practically double in the deep orange corn. The color of the yolk was orange when the ration had the deep orange corn and yellow in the case of the yellow-orange corn. The increase in shade was proportional to the amount of pigment present in the grains. If green feeds is added to the ration with white corn, the yolk becomes yellow or orange, depending on the amount of green given to the chickens. The practical importance of controlling the color of the yolk was emphasized.
A influência dos pigmentos amarelo-laranja da semente de milho na coloração da gema de ovo de galinha* * Trabalho da Seção de Avicultura da Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz".
E. A. Graner
Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz". Universidade de São Paulo
ABSTRACT
The effect of carotenoid pigments on the egg yolk color was studied in this paper. Three types of maize of known genetical constitution were used: Cateto, with deep orange endosperm; Armour, with yellow-orange endosperm and Cristal, with white endosperm. The carotenoid pigments of the two colored maizes were analysed: the total and both the active parts in relation to vitamin A and the zeaxanthin part showed to be practically double in the deep orange corn. The color of the yolk was orange when the ration had the deep orange corn and yellow in the case of the yellow-orange corn. The increase in shade was proportional to the amount of pigment present in the grains. If green feeds is added to the ration with white corn, the yolk becomes yellow or orange, depending on the amount of green given to the chickens. The practical importance of controlling the color of the yolk was emphasized.
Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.
Full text available only in PDF format.
AGRADECIMENTOS
O autor registra aqui os seus agradecimentos á Seção de Avicultura e à Fazenda Modelo da Escola "Luiz de Queiroz" pelas facilidades postas à sua disposição na execução da presente experiência e ao Prof. A. P. Torres, pelas sugestões e críticas apresentadas durante o tempo da sua realização.
BIBLIOGRAFIA
- 1) ALBRIGHT, W. P. and R. B. THOMPSON (1935) - Variations of yolk color and characteristics produced by feeding and environment. Poultry Science 14:373-375.
- 2) ALMQUIST, H. J. (1933) - Relation of the candling appearance of eggs to their quality. University of California. Bulletin 561:1-31.
- 3) BEARSE, G. E. and M. WAYNE MILLER (1937) - The effect of levels of vitamin A content of the egg yolk, on hatchability and on chick livability. Poultry Science 16:39-43
- 4) CAMPOS, F. MOURA (1946) - Relatório do 3.° ano de estudos sobre nutrição realizados sob os auspicios dos "Fundos Universitarios de Pesquisas". São Paulo Médico 1946:249-300.
- 5) GRANER, E. A. (1943) - Genética da côr amarelo-laranja nas sementes do milho. Revista de Agricultura 18:443-445.
- 6) GRANER, E. A. (1945) - The yellow-orange endosperm of maize. The American Naturalist 19:380-391.
- 7) GRANER, E. A. (1946) - A importância do milho amarelo na alimentação dos animais. Revista de Agricultura 21:5-7.
- 8) GRANER, E. A. (1946) - Gen Y7, complementar de Yl e Y3 para a coloração amarelo-laranja da semente de milho. (Em impressão).
- 9) GORTNER, R. A. (1938) - Outlines of Biochemistry. John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York.
- 10) HEIMAN, V. and L. A. WILHELM (1937) - The transmission of xantophylls in feeds to the yolk of hen's egg. Poultry Science 16:400-403,
- 11) HENDERSON, E. W. and H. L. WILCKE (1933) - Effect of ration on yolk color. Poultry Science 12:266-273.
- 12) HUGHES, J. S. and L. F. PAYNE (1937) - The relation of carotenoid pigmens of feed to the carotenoid of egg yolk. Poultry Science 16:135-138.
- 13) HURD, M. A. (1944) - Modern poultry farming. The Mac-millan Company, New York.
- 14) JULL, M. A. (1938) - Poultry Husbandry. McGraw-Hill Book Company Inc., New York.
- 15) MAERZ, A. and M. REA PAUL (1930) - Dictionary of Color. McGraw-Hill Book Company Inc., New York.
- 16) MATTIKOW, M. (1932) - A critical review of literature on the coloring matter in egg yolk. Poultry Science 11: 83-93.
- 17) PARKER, S. L. S., S. S. GOSSMAN and W. A. LIPPINCOTT (1926) - Studies on egg quality. I. Variations in yolk color. Poultry Science 5:131-145.
- 18) PARKER, S. L. (1927) - Studies on egg quality II. Seasonal variations in yolk color. Poultry Science 6:259-273.
- 19) PAYNE, L.F. (1925) - The cause of olive-colored egg yolk. Poultry Science 4:102-108.
- 20) RANDOLPH, L. F. and D. B. HAND (1940) - Relation between carotenoid content and number of genes per cell in diploid and tetraploid corn. Journal of Agricultural Research 60:51-64.
- 21) STRAIN, H. H. (1938) - Leaf Xantophylls. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication N.° 490:1-147.
- 22) WALKER, A. L., L. N. BERRY and E. E. ANDERSON (1929) - New Mexico egg storage studies. New Mexico College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. Bulletin 177:1-47.
Datas de Publicação
-
Publicação nesta coleção
26 Fev 2013 -
Data do Fascículo
1946
