Resumo
The present work deals with the study of the effects of selfing and crossing in pures lines of okra inbred for five generations and the methods of breeding in this plant. This work is party of a large program of this Dept. to study heterosis in plants naturally self pollinated. The technic of selfing consists of tying with a string the floral bud before anthesis. To make controlled crosses, it is necessary to emasculate the flowers removing the anthers with small forceps, and to cover the flowers with a bag and wait for 1 or 2 days until the blooming. Also, the male parents are covered with paper bags prior to flowering. Finally, the pollen is brushed lightly over the stigma of the emasculated flowers and the females unit rebagged. The authors have tried without sucess the technic of soda fountain straw used for cotton. The treatments were: I) Fl of the cross pure-line x foreign variety (not improved by breeding). II) Fl of the cross pure-line x parental variety and III) pure-line 5 generations inbred. In order to compare the production of these three treatments, a randomized blocks with 4 replications was designed; since we had 6 families in each treatment, the total number was: 4 replications x 3 treatments x 6 families: = 72. Each familiy was planted in lines of 10 plants. Owing to the design devised, the present experiment corresponds to a split-plot. The analysis of variance of the number and the weight of the pods is given in tables 2 and 4, and shows the following: 1) The production expressed in both numbers and weights of the cross, - pure lines x foreign variety - was statistically smaller than the others treatments, i, e., the cross of pure-lines x parental variety and the pure-lines; 2) The production of the treatments pure-lines x parental variety and selfed purelines was the same. It was proved that the selfing do not produce harmful effects in okra, it was benefical, since after 5 inbred generations the production was the same when compared with Fl of the parental variety. Also, the methods of pure-lines are indicated to improve varieties of okra.
Estudos sôbre o quiabeiro II - efeitos da autofecundação e do cruzamento* * Trabalho apresentado ao "2.o Congresso Panamericano de Agronomia", realizado de 29 de Março a 6 de Abril de 1954.
J. T. A. GurgelI; J. MitidieriII
IDocente Livre e Assistente da E. S. A. "Luiz de Queiroz", da Universidade de S. Paulo
IIAssistente da E. S. A. "Luiz de Queiroz", da Universidade de S. Paulo
SUMMARY
The present work deals with the study of the effects of selfing and crossing in pures lines of okra inbred for five generations and the methods of breeding in this plant.
This work is party of a large program of this Dept. to study heterosis in plants naturally self pollinated.
The technic of selfing consists of tying with a string the floral bud before anthesis. To make controlled crosses, it is necessary to emasculate the flowers removing the anthers with small forceps, and to cover the flowers with a bag and wait for 1 or 2 days until the blooming. Also, the male parents are covered with paper bags prior to flowering. Finally, the pollen is brushed lightly over the stigma of the emasculated flowers and the females unit rebagged. The authors have tried without sucess the technic of soda fountain straw used for cotton.
The treatments were: I) Fl of the cross pure-line x foreign variety (not improved by breeding). II) Fl of the cross pure-line x parental variety and III) pure-line 5 generations inbred. In order to compare the production of these three treatments, a randomized blocks with 4 replications was designed; since we had 6 families in each treatment, the total number was: 4 replications x 3 treatments x 6 families: = 72. Each familiy was planted in lines of 10 plants. Owing to the design devised, the present experiment corresponds to a split-plot.
The analysis of variance of the number and the weight of the pods is given in tables 2 and 4, and shows the following: 1) The production expressed in both numbers and weights of the cross, - pure lines x foreign variety - was statistically smaller than the others treatments, i, e., the cross of pure-lines x parental variety and the pure-lines; 2) The production of the treatments pure-lines x parental variety and selfed purelines was the same.
It was proved that the selfing do not produce harmful effects in okra, it was benefical, since after 5 inbred generations the production was the same when compared with Fl of the parental variety. Also, the methods of pure-lines are indicated to improve varieties of okra.
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BIBLIOGRAFIA
- 1) GURGEL, J. T. A. e X MITIDIERI - Estudos sobre o quiabeiro, I - Pesquisas básicas. Revista da Agricultura. 29: 239-252 - 1954,
- 2) GOWEN, J. W. - Heterosis 1-552 pag. Irst ed., Iowa State College Press, Ames. U.S.A. - 1952.
- 3) MARKLEY, K. S. and F. G. DOLLEAR - Okra as a potential oilseed crop. Oil Mill Gaz, 52: 13-14 - 1947.
- 4) PERKINS, D. V., C. MILLER and S. L. DALLYIN - Influence of pod maturity on Vegetative and Reproductive Behavior of Okra. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 60: 311-314, - 1952.
- 5) PIMENTEL GOMES, F. - A comparação entre médias de tratamentos na análise da variância. Anais da E.S.A. "Luiz de Queiroz". 11: 1-12 - 1954.
Datas de Publicação
-
Publicação nesta coleção
28 Set 2012 -
Data do Fascículo
1956
