Resumo
This paper deals with some Millipedes (Diplopoda), which have been verified associated with or attacking on cultivated plants. The following forms are reported: 1) Orthomorpha (Orthomorpha) coarctata (Saussure, 1860) - Enormous numbers of individuals belonging to this species, whose synanthropic habits are frequentely emphasized, were collected around coffee-plants kept in a nursery. Young plants (with 10 cm) are mentioned as damaged by the species, which gnaws the stem, just above the roots. The dusting with benzene hexachloride (BHC) was successfully employed to prevent the invasions. Other occurrences of O. coarctata are reported, ecological and biological informations being also added. 2) Orthomorpha (Kalorthomorpha) gracilis (C. L. Koch, 1847) - Observed frequentely associated with the former species, being however less numerous. Both forms are very active, seemming to be widely distributed throughout the State of S. Paulo. 3) Cylindroiulus (Aneuloboiulus) britannicus (Verhoeff, 1891) - This species represents the first european Millipede verified in Brazil, by O. SCHUBART (1942a). The Author obtained a few specimens associated with O. gracilis, from the roots of lettuce plants. The lesions shown by the stem just above the roots seem to be due to both species. 4) Alloporus setiger Broelemann, 1902; Gymnostreptus olivaceus Schubart, 1944 and Pseudonannolene tricolor Broelemann, 1902 - Total damages determined by these species (mainly G. olivaceus) were observed in cultures of sugar-beet and melon. Actually, the Millipedes destroyed entirely the roots of the former plant and the fruits of the latter, representing a serious pest, here reported by the first time. Ecological and bionomical data are also included. 5) Pseudonannolene sp. (possibly P. paulista Broelemann, 1902) - Verified gnawing sweet-potatoes, about the crackings exhibited by the tubers. The crackings in sweet-potatoes appear to result in certain instances from a root-knot nematodes infection (Meloidogyne sp). P. paulista was recentely observed attacking potatoes, destroying from 6 to 30% of the tubers, according to the variety (BOOCK & LORDELLO, 1952).
Observações sôbre alguns diplópodos de interêsse agrícola* * Trabalho apresentado ao 2.o Congresso Panamericano de Agronomia, realizado nas Termas de São Pedro (Est. de São Paulo), de 29 de março a 6 de abril de 1954.
Luiz Gonzaga E. Lordello
Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" Universidade de São Paulo
SUMMARY
This paper deals with some Millipedes (Diplopoda), which have been verified associated with or attacking on cultivated plants. The following forms are reported:
1) Orthomorpha (Orthomorpha) coarctata (Saussure, 1860) - Enormous numbers of individuals belonging to this species, whose synanthropic habits are frequentely emphasized, were collected around coffee-plants kept in a nursery. Young plants (with 10 cm) are mentioned as damaged by the species, which gnaws the stem, just above the roots. The dusting with benzene hexachloride (BHC) was successfully employed to prevent the invasions.
Other occurrences of O. coarctata are reported, ecological and biological informations being also added.
2) Orthomorpha (Kalorthomorpha) gracilis (C. L. Koch, 1847) - Observed frequentely associated with the former species, being however less numerous. Both forms are very active, seemming to be widely distributed throughout the State of S. Paulo.
3) Cylindroiulus (Aneuloboiulus) britannicus (Verhoeff, 1891) - This species represents the first european Millipede verified in Brazil, by O. SCHUBART (1942a). The Author obtained a few specimens associated with O. gracilis, from the roots of lettuce plants. The lesions shown by the stem just above the roots seem to be due to both species.
4) Alloporus setiger Broelemann, 1902; Gymnostreptus olivaceus Schubart, 1944 and Pseudonannolene tricolor Broelemann, 1902 - Total damages determined by these species (mainly G. olivaceus) were observed in cultures of sugar-beet and melon. Actually, the Millipedes destroyed entirely the roots of the former plant and the fruits of the latter, representing a serious pest, here reported by the first time. Ecological and bionomical data are also included.
5) Pseudonannolene sp. (possibly P. paulista Broelemann, 1902) - Verified gnawing sweet-potatoes, about the crackings exhibited by the tubers. The crackings in sweet-potatoes appear to result in certain instances from a root-knot nematodes infection (Meloidogyne sp). P. paulista was recentely observed attacking potatoes, destroying from 6 to 30% of the tubers, according to the variety (BOOCK & LORDELLO, 1952).
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LITERATURA CITADA
- BLUNCK, Hans, 1933 - Tausendfussfrass an Kartoffelknollen. Zeits. Planzenkrankheiten 43: 13-20.
- BROELEMANN, H. W,, 1902 - Myriapodes du Musée de São Paulo. Rev. Mus. Paulista 5: 35-237.
- BOOCK, O. J. & Luiz Gonzaga E. Lordello, 1952 - Diplópoda depredador de tubérculos de batatinha. Bragantia 12: 343-347, fig. 1.
- RITCHIE, A. H., 1917 - Report of the Government Entomologist for year 1916-1917. Suppl. Jamaica Gazette, Kingston, 40: 92-97. (Em Rev. App. Ent., série A, 5: 429).
- SCHUBART, Otto, 1942 - Os Miriápodes e suas relações com a Agricultura. Pap. Av. Dep. Zoo. S. Paulo 2: 205-234.
- _________, 1942a - Diplópoda de Pirassununga. I - Primeiro Diplópoda europeu encontrado no Brasil. Pap. Av. Dep. Zoo. S. Paulo 2: 249-254.
- _________, 1944 - Os Diplópodos de Pirassununga. Acta Zoo. Lilloana 2: 321-440.
- _________, 1945 - Os Proterospermophora do Distrito Federal (Myriapopoda - Diplopoda). Arq. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro 38: 1-156.
- _________, 1947 - O elemento "synanthropo" e estrangeiro entre os Diplópoda do Brasil. Arthropoda, Buenos Aires. 1: 23-40.
- _________, 1947a - Os Diplopoda da viagem do naturalista Antenor Leitão de Carvalho aos rios Araguaia e Amazonas em 1939 e 1940. Bol. Mus. Nac, (N. S.), Zoologia, 82: 1-74, figs. 1-75, fotos. 1-4.
Datas de Publicação
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Publicação nesta coleção
02 Out 2012 -
Data do Fascículo
1954
