Repercusiones de la pandemia de COVID-19 para las personas con autismo y sus familias: revisión de alcance

Teixeira, Olga Feitosa Braga; Xavier, Samyra Paula Lustoza; Félix, Nuno Damácio de Carvalho; Silva, José Wagner Martins da; Abreu, Rogéria Mônica Seixas Xavier de; Miranda, Karla Corrêa Lima

doi:10.1590/1518-8345.5965.3728

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Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

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Artículo de Revisión • Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 30 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.5965.3728 copiar

Repercusiones de la pandemia de COVID-19 para las personas con autismo y sus familias: revisión de alcance

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumen

Objetivo:

mapear la evidencia científica disponible sobre las repercusiones de la pandemia de COVID-19 para las personas con Trastorno del Espectro Autista y sus familiares.

Método:

revisión de alcance realizada en las siguientes bases de datos: MEDLINE, CINAHL, SciELO, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Wiley Online Library, en agosto/septiembre de 2021. El protocolo de esta revisión fue registrado en Open Science Framework bajo DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/JYTVD. Los datos fueron analizados y sintetizados en forma narrativa.

Resultados:

46 publicaciones identificadas indican que el período de pandemia trajo numerosas repercusiones para la población con autismo y sus familiares al experimentar serias dificultades en los cambios o irregularidades en las rutinas programadas; acceso limitado a educación, terapias y apoyo social.

Conclusión:

la evidencia sugiere que la pandemia de COVID-19 agudizó las desigualdades que ya experimentaban las personas con autismo y sus familias, tuvo consecuencias negativas en los aspectos emocionales, psicológicos, comportamentales y sociales, que afectaron la calidad de vida y salud mental de esta población. Es fundamental que se realicen estudios futuros sobre personas con autismo y sus familias durante períodos de crisis de salud pública para planificar intervenciones psiquiátricas, psicosociales y educativas.

Descriptores:
Trastorno del Espectro Autista; Familia; Relaciones Familiares; Pandemias; Infecciones por Coronavirus; Revisión

Repercusiones de la pandemia de COVID-19 para las personas con TEA y sus familiares
Repercusiones de la pandemia para las personas con TEA
Aspectos emocionales de las personas con TEA: - cambios en el estado de ánimo general⁹9. Latzer IT, Leitner Y, Karnieli-Miller O. Core experiences of parents of children with autism during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Autism. 2021;25(4):1047-59. doi: 10.1177/1362361320984317 https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361320984317... ^,¹⁴14. Vasa RA, Singh V, Holingue C, Kalb LG, Jang Y, Keefer A. Psychiatric problems during the COVID-19 pandemic in children with autism spectrum disorder. Autism Research. 2021;1-7. doi: 10.1002/aur.2574 https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2574... ^,¹⁷17. Nadler C, Godwin DL, Dempsey J, Nyp SS. Autism and Access to Care During the COVID-19 Crisis. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2021 ;1;42(1):73-5. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000894 https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.000000000000... ^,²⁴24. Picon D. Ways to support autism & special needs families during the coronavirus pandemic. EP Magazine . 2020 [cited 2022 Feb 14]. Disponível em: https://www.parentingspecialneeds.org/article/6-ways-help-special-needs-families-during-the-pandemic/ https://www.parentingspecialneeds.org/ar... ; - estrés agudo⁸8. Wong PW, Lam Y, Lau JS, Fok H. The Resilience of Social Service Providers and Families of Children With Autism or Development Delays During the COVID-19 Pandemic - A Community Case Study in Hong Kong. Front Psychiatry. 2021;11:561657. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.561657 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.56165... ^,¹³13. Panjwani AA, Bailey RL, Kelleher BL. COVID-19 and behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder: Disparities by income and food security status. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;115:104002. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1040... ^,¹⁵15. White SW, Stoppelbein L, Scott H, Spain D. It took a pandemic: Perspectives on impact, stress, and telehealth from caregivers of people with autism. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;113:103938. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103938 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1039... ^,⁴⁵45. Amorim R, Catarino S, Miragaia P, Ferreras C, Viana V, Guardiano M. The impact of COVID-19 on children with autism spectrum disorder. Rev Neurol. 2020;71(8):285-91. doi: 10.33588/rn.7108.2020381 https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.7108.2020381... ^,⁴⁸48. Rodríguez IDC, Cordero AR. Repercusión psicológica en niños con Trastorno del espectro autista durante el confinamiento por COVID-19. Multimed . 2020 [cited 2022 Feb 14];24(3). Avaliable from: http://www.revmultimed.sld.cu/index.php/mtm/article/view/1978 http://www.revmultimed.sld.cu/index.php/... ; aumento de la ansiedad⁹9. Latzer IT, Leitner Y, Karnieli-Miller O. Core experiences of parents of children with autism during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Autism. 2021;25(4):1047-59. doi: 10.1177/1362361320984317 https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361320984317... ^,¹⁷17. Nadler C, Godwin DL, Dempsey J, Nyp SS. Autism and Access to Care During the COVID-19 Crisis. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2021 ;1;42(1):73-5. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000894 https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.000000000000... ^,³⁴34. Huang S, Sun T, Zhu Y, Song S, Zhang J, Huang L, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children with ASD and Their Families: An Online Survey in China. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2021;14:289-97. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S293426 https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S293426... ^-³⁵35. Meral BF. Parental Views of Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Disorders During the COVID 19 Pandemic. J Autism Dev Disord. 2021;15:1-13. doi: 10.1007/s10803-021-05070-0 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05070... ^,⁴⁸48. Rodríguez IDC, Cordero AR. Repercusión psicológica en niños con Trastorno del espectro autista durante el confinamiento por COVID-19. Multimed . 2020 [cited 2022 Feb 14];24(3). Avaliable from: http://www.revmultimed.sld.cu/index.php/mtm/article/view/1978 http://www.revmultimed.sld.cu/index.php/... ; - depresión¹³13. Panjwani AA, Bailey RL, Kelleher BL. COVID-19 and behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder: Disparities by income and food security status. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;115:104002. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1040... ^,³⁸38. Oomen D, Nijhof AD, Wiersema JR. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adults with autism: a survey study across three countries. Mol Autism. 2021;12(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s13229-021-00424-y https://doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00424... ^,⁴²42. Colizzi M, Sironi E, Antonini F, Ciceri ML, Bovo C, Zoccante L. Psychosocial and Behavioral Impact of COVID-19 in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Online Parent Survey. Brain Sci. 2020;10:341. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10060341 https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10060341... ^,⁵⁰50. Nguyen PM, Tran TT, Thach TNA, Nguyen TV. An Unexpected Positive Effect of Social Distancing Measures on the Care of Children With Autism in Vietnam. Asia Pacific J Public Health. 2021;33(2-3);320-1. doi: 10.1177/1010539521997717 https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539521997717... ; - alteraciones del sueño⁴4. Althiabi Y. Attitude, anxiety and perceived mental health care needs among parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Saudi Arabia during COVID-19 pandemic. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;111:103873. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103873 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1038... ^,²⁶26. Friesen KA, Weiss JA, Howe SJ, Kerns CM, McMorris CA. Mental Health and Resilient Coping in Caregivers of Autistic Individuals during the COVID 19 Pandemic: Findings from the Families Facing COVID Study. J Autism Dev Disord. 2021 July. doi: 10.1007/s10803-021-05177-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05177... .	Aspectos comportamentales de las personas con TEA: - aumento de los síntomas de irritabilidad/agresión¹1. Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, Wang X, Zhou L, Tong Y, et al. Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 2020 Mar;382(13):1199-207. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2001316 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001316... ^,⁹9. Latzer IT, Leitner Y, Karnieli-Miller O. Core experiences of parents of children with autism during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Autism. 2021;25(4):1047-59. doi: 10.1177/1362361320984317 https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361320984317... ^,¹⁷17. Nadler C, Godwin DL, Dempsey J, Nyp SS. Autism and Access to Care During the COVID-19 Crisis. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2021 ;1;42(1):73-5. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000894 https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.000000000000... ^,³⁵35. Meral BF. Parental Views of Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Disorders During the COVID 19 Pandemic. J Autism Dev Disord. 2021;15:1-13. doi: 10.1007/s10803-021-05070-0 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05070... ^,⁴⁸48. Rodríguez IDC, Cordero AR. Repercusión psicológica en niños con Trastorno del espectro autista durante el confinamiento por COVID-19. Multimed . 2020 [cited 2022 Feb 14];24(3). Avaliable from: http://www.revmultimed.sld.cu/index.php/mtm/article/view/1978 http://www.revmultimed.sld.cu/index.php/... ; - falta de atención/distracción⁶6. Lugo-Marín J, Gisbert-Gustemps L, Setien-Ramos I, Espanol-Martín G, Ibanez-Jimenez P, Forner-Puntonet M, et al. COVID-19 pandemic effects in people with Autism Spectrum Disorder and their caregivers: Evaluation of social distancing and lockdown impact on mental health and general status. Res Autism Spectr Disord. 2021;83:101757. doi: 10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101757 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.1017... ^,³⁵35. Meral BF. Parental Views of Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Disorders During the COVID 19 Pandemic. J Autism Dev Disord. 2021;15:1-13. doi: 10.1007/s10803-021-05070-0 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05070... ^,⁴⁸48. Rodríguez IDC, Cordero AR. Repercusión psicológica en niños con Trastorno del espectro autista durante el confinamiento por COVID-19. Multimed . 2020 [cited 2022 Feb 14];24(3). Avaliable from: http://www.revmultimed.sld.cu/index.php/mtm/article/view/1978 http://www.revmultimed.sld.cu/index.php/... ; - comportamientos problemáticos y autolesivos¹⁴14. Vasa RA, Singh V, Holingue C, Kalb LG, Jang Y, Keefer A. Psychiatric problems during the COVID-19 pandemic in children with autism spectrum disorder. Autism Research. 2021;1-7. doi: 10.1002/aur.2574 https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2574... ^-¹⁵15. White SW, Stoppelbein L, Scott H, Spain D. It took a pandemic: Perspectives on impact, stress, and telehealth from caregivers of people with autism. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;113:103938. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103938 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1039... ^,¹⁹19. Kalvin CB, Jordan RP, Rowley SN, Weis A, Wood KS, Wood JJ, et al. Conducting CBT for Anxiety in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder During COVID 19 Pandemic. J Autism Dev Disord. 2021 Jan 1;1-9. doi: 10.1007/s10803-020-04845-1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04845... ^,³³33. Wang L, Li D, Pan S, Zhai J, Xia W, Sun C, et al. The relationship between 2019-nCoV and psychological distress among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder. Global Health. 2021;17(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s12992-021-00674-8 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-021-00674... ^,⁴⁸48. Rodríguez IDC, Cordero AR. Repercusión psicológica en niños con Trastorno del espectro autista durante el confinamiento por COVID-19. Multimed . 2020 [cited 2022 Feb 14];24(3). Avaliable from: http://www.revmultimed.sld.cu/index.php/mtm/article/view/1978 http://www.revmultimed.sld.cu/index.php/... .	Cambios en las actividades de la vida diaria: - cambios o irregularidades en las rutinas programadas⁷7. Corbett BA, Muscatello RA, Klemencic ME, Schwartzman JM. The impact of COVID-19 on stress, anxiety, and coping in youth with and without autism and their parents. Autism Res. 2021;14:1496-511. doi: 10.1002/aur.2521 https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2521... ^,¹⁵15. White SW, Stoppelbein L, Scott H, Spain D. It took a pandemic: Perspectives on impact, stress, and telehealth from caregivers of people with autism. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;113:103938. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103938 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1039... ^-¹⁶16. Manning J, Billian J, Matson J, Allen C, Soares N. Perceptions of Families of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder during the COVID 19 Crisis. J Autism Dev Disord. 2021;51:2920-8. doi: 10.1007/s10803-020-04760-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04760... ^,⁴⁹49. Nithya GD, Damodaran V, Mythili V. A study on impact of Corona Virus Disease 2019 Pandemic on activities of daily living, play, and sensory behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorder: A cross-sectional survey study. Indian J Occup Ther. 2021;53:64-76. doi: 10.4103/ijoth.ijoth_34_21 https://doi.org/10.4103/ijoth.ijoth_34_2... ; - cierre de escuelas⁴4. Althiabi Y. Attitude, anxiety and perceived mental health care needs among parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Saudi Arabia during COVID-19 pandemic. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;111:103873. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103873 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1038... ^,¹⁵15. White SW, Stoppelbein L, Scott H, Spain D. It took a pandemic: Perspectives on impact, stress, and telehealth from caregivers of people with autism. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;113:103938. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103938 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1039... ^,²⁷27. Young E, Milligan K, Henze M, Johnson S, Weyman K. Caregiver burnout, gaps in care, and COVID-19 Effects on families of youth with autism and intellectual disability. Can Fam Physician. 2021;67(7):506-8. doi: 10.46747/cfp.6707506 https://doi.org/10.46747/cfp.6707506... ^,⁴²42. Colizzi M, Sironi E, Antonini F, Ciceri ML, Bovo C, Zoccante L. Psychosocial and Behavioral Impact of COVID-19 in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Online Parent Survey. Brain Sci. 2020;10:341. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10060341 https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10060341... ; - dificultad para acceder a los servicios de salud⁵5. Levante A, Petrocchi S, Bianco F, Castelli I, Colombi C, Keller R, et al. Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typically Developing Peers: An Online Survey. Brain Sci. 2021;11(6):808. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11060808 https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11060808... ^,⁹9. Latzer IT, Leitner Y, Karnieli-Miller O. Core experiences of parents of children with autism during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Autism. 2021;25(4):1047-59. doi: 10.1177/1362361320984317 https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361320984317... ^,¹⁶16. Manning J, Billian J, Matson J, Allen C, Soares N. Perceptions of Families of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder during the COVID 19 Crisis. J Autism Dev Disord. 2021;51:2920-8. doi: 10.1007/s10803-020-04760-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04760... ^,³⁵35. Meral BF. Parental Views of Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Disorders During the COVID 19 Pandemic. J Autism Dev Disord. 2021;15:1-13. doi: 10.1007/s10803-021-05070-0 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05070... ^,⁴⁷47. Fernandes ADSA, Speranza M, Mazak MSR, Gasparini DA, Cid MFB. Desafios cotidianos e possibilidades de cuidado com crianças e adolescentes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) frente à COVID-19. Cad Bras Ter Ocup. 2021;29:e2121. doi: 10.1590/2526-8910.ctoAR212 https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoAR2... ; - interrupción de la actividad física y de las actividades recreativas²⁸28. Ameis SH, Lai MC, Mulsant BH, Szatmari P. Coping, fostering resilience, and driving care innovation for autistic people and their families during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Mol Autism. 2020;11(1):61. doi: 10.1186/s13229-020-00365-y https://doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00365... ^,³¹31. Mumbardo-Adam C, Barnet-Lopez S, Balboni G. How have youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder managed quarantine derived from COVID-19 pandemic? An approach to families perspectives. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;110:103860. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103860 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1038... ^,⁴¹41. Alhuzimi T. Stress and emotional wellbeing of parents due to change in routine for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) at home during COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;108:103822. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103822 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2020.1038... ; - disponibilidad incipiente de la red de apoyo social⁷7. Corbett BA, Muscatello RA, Klemencic ME, Schwartzman JM. The impact of COVID-19 on stress, anxiety, and coping in youth with and without autism and their parents. Autism Res. 2021;14:1496-511. doi: 10.1002/aur.2521 https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2521... ^,¹⁵15. White SW, Stoppelbein L, Scott H, Spain D. It took a pandemic: Perspectives on impact, stress, and telehealth from caregivers of people with autism. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;113:103938. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103938 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1039... ^-¹⁶16. Manning J, Billian J, Matson J, Allen C, Soares N. Perceptions of Families of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder during the COVID 19 Crisis. J Autism Dev Disord. 2021;51:2920-8. doi: 10.1007/s10803-020-04760-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04760... ^,⁴⁹49. Nithya GD, Damodaran V, Mythili V. A study on impact of Corona Virus Disease 2019 Pandemic on activities of daily living, play, and sensory behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorder: A cross-sectional survey study. Indian J Occup Ther. 2021;53:64-76. doi: 10.4103/ijoth.ijoth_34_21 https://doi.org/10.4103/ijoth.ijoth_34_2... .
Repercusiones de la pandemia para los familiares
- sufrimiento mental de los padres⁷7. Corbett BA, Muscatello RA, Klemencic ME, Schwartzman JM. The impact of COVID-19 on stress, anxiety, and coping in youth with and without autism and their parents. Autism Res. 2021;14:1496-511. doi: 10.1002/aur.2521 https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2521... ^,⁹9. Latzer IT, Leitner Y, Karnieli-Miller O. Core experiences of parents of children with autism during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Autism. 2021;25(4):1047-59. doi: 10.1177/1362361320984317 https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361320984317... ^,³¹31. Mumbardo-Adam C, Barnet-Lopez S, Balboni G. How have youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder managed quarantine derived from COVID-19 pandemic? An approach to families perspectives. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;110:103860. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103860 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1038... ^,⁴³43. Aarabi MA, Abdi K, Khanjani MS. COVID-19 and Mental Health of People with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Families; What Can Be Done? Middle East J Rehabil Health Stud. 2021;8(2):e112188. doi: 10.5812/mejrh.112188 https://doi.org/10.5812/mejrh.112188... ^-⁴⁴44. Naeim M, Rezaeisharif A. The COVID-19 outbreak and the problems of children with autism. Minerva Psichiatrica. 2021;62(1);2-4. doi: 10.23736/S2724-6612.20.02101-9 https://doi.org/10.23736/S2724-6612.20.0... ; - disponibilidad incipiente de la red de apoyo social⁷7. Corbett BA, Muscatello RA, Klemencic ME, Schwartzman JM. The impact of COVID-19 on stress, anxiety, and coping in youth with and without autism and their parents. Autism Res. 2021;14:1496-511. doi: 10.1002/aur.2521 https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2521... ^,¹⁵15. White SW, Stoppelbein L, Scott H, Spain D. It took a pandemic: Perspectives on impact, stress, and telehealth from caregivers of people with autism. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;113:103938. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103938 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1039... ^-¹⁶16. Manning J, Billian J, Matson J, Allen C, Soares N. Perceptions of Families of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder during the COVID 19 Crisis. J Autism Dev Disord. 2021;51:2920-8. doi: 10.1007/s10803-020-04760-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04760... ^,⁴⁹49. Nithya GD, Damodaran V, Mythili V. A study on impact of Corona Virus Disease 2019 Pandemic on activities of daily living, play, and sensory behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorder: A cross-sectional survey study. Indian J Occup Ther. 2021;53:64-76. doi: 10.4103/ijoth.ijoth_34_21 https://doi.org/10.4103/ijoth.ijoth_34_2... ; - incertidumbres profesionales y cuestiones financieras⁷7. Corbett BA, Muscatello RA, Klemencic ME, Schwartzman JM. The impact of COVID-19 on stress, anxiety, and coping in youth with and without autism and their parents. Autism Res. 2021;14:1496-511. doi: 10.1002/aur.2521 https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2521... ^,²⁸28. Ameis SH, Lai MC, Mulsant BH, Szatmari P. Coping, fostering resilience, and driving care innovation for autistic people and their families during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Mol Autism. 2020;11(1):61. doi: 10.1186/s13229-020-00365-y https://doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00365... ^,⁴²42. Colizzi M, Sironi E, Antonini F, Ciceri ML, Bovo C, Zoccante L. Psychosocial and Behavioral Impact of COVID-19 in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Online Parent Survey. Brain Sci. 2020;10:341. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10060341 https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10060341... ^,⁴⁴44. Naeim M, Rezaeisharif A. The COVID-19 outbreak and the problems of children with autism. Minerva Psichiatrica. 2021;62(1);2-4. doi: 10.23736/S2724-6612.20.02101-9 https://doi.org/10.23736/S2724-6612.20.0... ^,³¹31. Mumbardo-Adam C, Barnet-Lopez S, Balboni G. How have youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder managed quarantine derived from COVID-19 pandemic? An approach to families perspectives. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;110:103860. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103860 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1038... ^-³²32. Martínez-Gonzalez AE, Moreno-Amador B, Piqueras JA. Differences in emotional state and autistic symptoms before and during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;116:104038. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104038 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1040... ; - elevada sobrecarga física, psicológica y emocional⁸8. Wong PW, Lam Y, Lau JS, Fok H. The Resilience of Social Service Providers and Families of Children With Autism or Development Delays During the COVID-19 Pandemic - A Community Case Study in Hong Kong. Front Psychiatry. 2021;11:561657. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.561657 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.56165... ^,¹³13. Panjwani AA, Bailey RL, Kelleher BL. COVID-19 and behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder: Disparities by income and food security status. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;115:104002. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1040... ^,³¹31. Mumbardo-Adam C, Barnet-Lopez S, Balboni G. How have youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder managed quarantine derived from COVID-19 pandemic? An approach to families perspectives. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;110:103860. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103860 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1038... ^,⁴¹41. Alhuzimi T. Stress and emotional wellbeing of parents due to change in routine for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) at home during COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;108:103822. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103822 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2020.1038... ; - baja calidad de vida⁷7. Corbett BA, Muscatello RA, Klemencic ME, Schwartzman JM. The impact of COVID-19 on stress, anxiety, and coping in youth with and without autism and their parents. Autism Res. 2021;14:1496-511. doi: 10.1002/aur.2521 https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2521... ^,²⁷27. Young E, Milligan K, Henze M, Johnson S, Weyman K. Caregiver burnout, gaps in care, and COVID-19 Effects on families of youth with autism and intellectual disability. Can Fam Physician. 2021;67(7):506-8. doi: 10.46747/cfp.6707506 https://doi.org/10.46747/cfp.6707506... ^,³¹31. Mumbardo-Adam C, Barnet-Lopez S, Balboni G. How have youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder managed quarantine derived from COVID-19 pandemic? An approach to families perspectives. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;110:103860. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103860 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1038... ^,³⁸38. Oomen D, Nijhof AD, Wiersema JR. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adults with autism: a survey study across three countries. Mol Autism. 2021;12(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s13229-021-00424-y https://doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00424... ; - compromiso en la dinámica familiar⁵5. Levante A, Petrocchi S, Bianco F, Castelli I, Colombi C, Keller R, et al. Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typically Developing Peers: An Online Survey. Brain Sci. 2021;11(6):808. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11060808 https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11060808... ^,⁷7. Corbett BA, Muscatello RA, Klemencic ME, Schwartzman JM. The impact of COVID-19 on stress, anxiety, and coping in youth with and without autism and their parents. Autism Res. 2021;14:1496-511. doi: 10.1002/aur.2521 https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2521... ^,³¹31. Mumbardo-Adam C, Barnet-Lopez S, Balboni G. How have youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder managed quarantine derived from COVID-19 pandemic? An approach to families perspectives. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;110:103860. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103860 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1038... ^,⁴¹41. Alhuzimi T. Stress and emotional wellbeing of parents due to change in routine for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) at home during COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;108:103822. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103822 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2020.1038... ^,⁴⁴44. Naeim M, Rezaeisharif A. The COVID-19 outbreak and the problems of children with autism. Minerva Psichiatrica. 2021;62(1);2-4. doi: 10.23736/S2724-6612.20.02101-9 https://doi.org/10.23736/S2724-6612.20.0... .
Beneficios de la pandemia para las personas con TEA y para los familiares
- mejoras en la relación con sus hijos y familiares⁴4. Althiabi Y. Attitude, anxiety and perceived mental health care needs among parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Saudi Arabia during COVID-19 pandemic. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;111:103873. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103873 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1038... ; - tiempo extra para enseñarles nuevas habilidades relacionadas con su autonomía, establecer rutinas de cuidado y promover las habilidades sociales y de interacción comunicativa de sus hijos⁷7. Corbett BA, Muscatello RA, Klemencic ME, Schwartzman JM. The impact of COVID-19 on stress, anxiety, and coping in youth with and without autism and their parents. Autism Res. 2021;14:1496-511. doi: 10.1002/aur.2521 https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2521... ; - más tiempo para la familia y mayor interacción familiar⁷7. Corbett BA, Muscatello RA, Klemencic ME, Schwartzman JM. The impact of COVID-19 on stress, anxiety, and coping in youth with and without autism and their parents. Autism Res. 2021;14:1496-511. doi: 10.1002/aur.2521 https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2521... ; - la disminución de la sobrecarga sensorial y social durante el aislamiento ha mejorado la vida de sus hijos⁴4. Althiabi Y. Attitude, anxiety and perceived mental health care needs among parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Saudi Arabia during COVID-19 pandemic. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;111:103873. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103873 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1038... ^,⁴³43. Aarabi MA, Abdi K, Khanjani MS. COVID-19 and Mental Health of People with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Families; What Can Be Done? Middle East J Rehabil Health Stud. 2021;8(2):e112188. doi: 10.5812/mejrh.112188 https://doi.org/10.5812/mejrh.112188... ^,⁵⁰50. Nguyen PM, Tran TT, Thach TNA, Nguyen TV. An Unexpected Positive Effect of Social Distancing Measures on the Care of Children With Autism in Vietnam. Asia Pacific J Public Health. 2021;33(2-3);320-1. doi: 10.1177/1010539521997717 https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539521997717... .

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[1] Autor de correspondencia
Olga Feitosa Braga Teixeira. E-mail: olgafeitosa@hotmail.com

Cita	Título	País/Idioma	Enfoque
(³3. Nuñez A, Le Roy C, Coelho-Medeiros ME, López-Espejo M. Factors affecting the behavior of children with ASD during the first outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Neurol Sci. 2021;28:1-4. doi: 10.1007/s10072-021-05147-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05147... )	Factors affecting the behavior of children with ASD during the first outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.	Chile/ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(⁴4. Althiabi Y. Attitude, anxiety and perceived mental health care needs among parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Saudi Arabia during COVID-19 pandemic. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;111:103873. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103873 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1038... )	Attitude, anxiety and perceived mental health care needs among parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Saudi Arabia during COVID-19 pandemic.	Arabia Saudita/ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(⁵5. Levante A, Petrocchi S, Bianco F, Castelli I, Colombi C, Keller R, et al. Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typically Developing Peers: An Online Survey. Brain Sci. 2021;11(6):808. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11060808 https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11060808... )	Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typically Developing Peers: An Online Survey.	Italia/ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(⁶6. Lugo-Marín J, Gisbert-Gustemps L, Setien-Ramos I, Espanol-Martín G, Ibanez-Jimenez P, Forner-Puntonet M, et al. COVID-19 pandemic effects in people with Autism Spectrum Disorder and their caregivers: Evaluation of social distancing and lockdown impact on mental health and general status. Res Autism Spectr Disord. 2021;83:101757. doi: 10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101757 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.1017... )	COVID-19 pandemic effects in people with Autism Spectrum Disorder and their caregivers: Evaluation of social distancing and lockdown impact on mental health and general status.	España/ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(⁷7. Corbett BA, Muscatello RA, Klemencic ME, Schwartzman JM. The impact of COVID-19 on stress, anxiety, and coping in youth with and without autism and their parents. Autism Res. 2021;14:1496-511. doi: 10.1002/aur.2521 https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2521... )	The impact of COVID-19 on stress, anxiety, and coping in youth with and without autism and their parents.	EE. UU./ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(⁸8. Wong PW, Lam Y, Lau JS, Fok H. The Resilience of Social Service Providers and Families of Children With Autism or Development Delays During the COVID-19 Pandemic - A Community Case Study in Hong Kong. Front Psychiatry. 2021;11:561657. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.561657 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.56165... )	The Resilience of Social Service Providers and Families of Children with Autism or Development Delays During the COVID-19 Pandemic - A Community Case Study in Hong Kong.	China/ Inglés	Cualitativo
(⁹9. Latzer IT, Leitner Y, Karnieli-Miller O. Core experiences of parents of children with autism during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Autism. 2021;25(4):1047-59. doi: 10.1177/1362361320984317 https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361320984317... )	Core experiences of parents of children with autism during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.	Israel/ Inglés	Cualitativo
(¹⁰10. Bellomo TR, Prasada S, Munzerb T, Laventhala N. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with autism spectrum disorders. J Pediatr Rehabil Med. 2020;13(3):349-54. doi: 10.3233/PRM-200740 https://doi.org/10.3233/PRM-200740... )	The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with autism spectrum disorders.	EE. UU./ Inglés	Comunicación Corta
(¹³13. Panjwani AA, Bailey RL, Kelleher BL. COVID-19 and behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder: Disparities by income and food security status. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;115:104002. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1040... )	COVID-19 and behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder: Disparities by income and food security status.	EE. UU./ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(¹⁴14. Vasa RA, Singh V, Holingue C, Kalb LG, Jang Y, Keefer A. Psychiatric problems during the COVID-19 pandemic in children with autism spectrum disorder. Autism Research. 2021;1-7. doi: 10.1002/aur.2574 https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2574... )	Psychiatric problems during the COVID-19 pandemic in children with autism spectrum disorder.	EE. UU./ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(¹⁵15. White SW, Stoppelbein L, Scott H, Spain D. It took a pandemic: Perspectives on impact, stress, and telehealth from caregivers of people with autism. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;113:103938. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103938 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1039... )	It took a pandemic: Perspectives on impact, stress, and telehealth from caregivers of people with autism	EE. UU./ Inglés	Mixto
(¹⁶16. Manning J, Billian J, Matson J, Allen C, Soares N. Perceptions of Families of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder during the COVID 19 Crisis. J Autism Dev Disord. 2021;51:2920-8. doi: 10.1007/s10803-020-04760-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04760... )	Perceptions of Families of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder during the COVID-19 Crisis.	EE. UU./ Inglés	Mixto
(¹⁷17. Nadler C, Godwin DL, Dempsey J, Nyp SS. Autism and Access to Care During the COVID-19 Crisis. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2021 ;1;42(1):73-5. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000894 https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.000000000000... )	Autism and Access to Care During the COVID-19 Crisis.	EE. UU./ Inglés	Estudio de Caso
(¹⁸18. Bal VH, Wilkinson E, White MALC, Law JK, SPARK Consortium, Feliciano P, et al. Early Pandemic Experiences of Autistic Adults: Predictors of Psychological Distress. Autism Res. 2021;14(6):1209-19. doi: 10.1002/aur.2480 https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2480... )	Early Pandemic Experiences of Autistic Adults: Predictors of Psychological Distress.	EE. UU./ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(¹⁹19. Kalvin CB, Jordan RP, Rowley SN, Weis A, Wood KS, Wood JJ, et al. Conducting CBT for Anxiety in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder During COVID 19 Pandemic. J Autism Dev Disord. 2021 Jan 1;1-9. doi: 10.1007/s10803-020-04845-1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04845... )	Conducting CBT for Anxiety in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder During COVID 19 Pandemic.	EE. UU./ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(²⁰20. Eshraghi AA, Li C, Alessandri M, Messinger DS, Eshraghi RS, Mittal R, et al. COVID-19: overcoming the challenges faced by individuals with autism and their families. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(6):481-3. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30197-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30... )	COVID-19: overcoming the challenges faced by individuals with autism and their families.	EE. UU./ Inglés	Comentario
(²¹21. Adams RE, Zheng S, Taylor JL, Bishop SL. Ten weeks in: COVID-19-related distress in adults with autism spectrum disorder. Autism. 2021;25(7):2140-5. doi: 10.1177/13623613211005919 https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361321100591... )	Ten weeks in: COVID-19-related distress in adults with autism spectrum disorder.	EE. UU./ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(²²22. Baweja R, Brown SL, Edwards EM, Murray JM. COVID 19 Pandemic and Impact on Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord. 2021;1-10. doi: 10.1007/s10803-021-04950-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04950... )	Pandemic and Impact on Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder.	EE. UU./ Inglés	Comentario
(²³23. White LC, Law JK, Daniels AM, Toroney J, Vernoia B, Xiao S, et al. Brief Report: Impact of COVID 19 on Individuals with ASD and Their Caregivers: A Perspective from the SPARK Cohort. J Autism Develop Dis. 2021;51:3766-73. doi: 10.1007/s10803-020-04816-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04816... )	Brief Report: Impact of COVID 19 on Individuals with ASD and Their Caregivers: A Perspective from the SPARK Cohort.	EE. UU./ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(²⁴24. Picon D. Ways to support autism & special needs families during the coronavirus pandemic. EP Magazine . 2020 [cited 2022 Feb 14]. Disponível em: https://www.parentingspecialneeds.org/article/6-ways-help-special-needs-families-during-the-pandemic/ https://www.parentingspecialneeds.org/ar... )	Ways to support autism & special needs families during the coronavirus pandemic.	EE. UU./ Inglés	Comentario
(²⁵25. Kalb LG, Badillo-Goicoechea E, Holingue C, Riehm KE, Thrul J, Stuart EA, et al. Psychological distress among caregivers raising a child with autism spectrum disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic. Autism Res. 2021;1-6. doi: 10.1002/aur.2589 https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2589... )	Psychological distress among caregivers raising a child with autism spectrum disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic.	EE. UU./ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(²⁶26. Friesen KA, Weiss JA, Howe SJ, Kerns CM, McMorris CA. Mental Health and Resilient Coping in Caregivers of Autistic Individuals during the COVID 19 Pandemic: Findings from the Families Facing COVID Study. J Autism Dev Disord. 2021 July. doi: 10.1007/s10803-021-05177-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05177... )	Mental Health and Resilient Coping in Caregivers of Autistic Individuals during the COVID 19 Pandemic: Findings from the Families Facing COVID Study.	Canadá/ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(²⁷27. Young E, Milligan K, Henze M, Johnson S, Weyman K. Caregiver burnout, gaps in care, and COVID-19 Effects on families of youth with autism and intellectual disability. Can Fam Physician. 2021;67(7):506-8. doi: 10.46747/cfp.6707506 https://doi.org/10.46747/cfp.6707506... )	Caregiver burnout, gaps in care, and COVID-19 Effects on families of youth with autism and intellectual disability.	Canadá/ Inglés	Estudio de Caso
(²⁸28. Ameis SH, Lai MC, Mulsant BH, Szatmari P. Coping, fostering resilience, and driving care innovation for autistic people and their families during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Mol Autism. 2020;11(1):61. doi: 10.1186/s13229-020-00365-y https://doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00365... )	Coping, fostering resilience, and driving care innovation for autistic people and their families during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.	Canadá/ Inglés	Comentario
(²⁹29. Southey S, Morris R, Saini M. Coparenting autistic children during COVID-19: Emerging insights from practice. Int Soc Work. 2021;1-6. doi: 10.1177/00208728211013881 https://doi.org/10.1177/0020872821101388... )	Coparenting autistic children during COVID-19: Emerging insights from practice.	Canadá/Inglés	Artículo de periódico
(³⁰30. Smile SC. Supporting children with autism spectrum disorder in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. CMAJ. 2020; 192:E587. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.75399 https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.75399... )	Supporting children with autism spectrum disorder in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.	Canadá/ Inglés	Carta al Editor
(³¹31. Mumbardo-Adam C, Barnet-Lopez S, Balboni G. How have youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder managed quarantine derived from COVID-19 pandemic? An approach to families perspectives. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;110:103860. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103860 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1038... )	How have youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder managed quarantine derived from COVID-19 pandemic? An approach to families perspectives.	España/ Inglés	Mixto
(³²32. Martínez-Gonzalez AE, Moreno-Amador B, Piqueras JA. Differences in emotional state and autistic symptoms before and during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;116:104038. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104038 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.1040... )	Differences in emotional state and autistic symptoms before and during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic.	España/ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(³³33. Wang L, Li D, Pan S, Zhai J, Xia W, Sun C, et al. The relationship between 2019-nCoV and psychological distress among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder. Global Health. 2021;17(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s12992-021-00674-8 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-021-00674... )	The relationship between 2019-nCoV and psychological distress among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder.	China/ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(³⁴34. Huang S, Sun T, Zhu Y, Song S, Zhang J, Huang L, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children with ASD and Their Families: An Online Survey in China. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2021;14:289-97. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S293426 https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S293426... )	Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children with ASD and Their Families: An Online Survey in China.	China/ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(³⁵35. Meral BF. Parental Views of Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Disorders During the COVID 19 Pandemic. J Autism Dev Disord. 2021;15:1-13. doi: 10.1007/s10803-021-05070-0 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05070... )	Parental Views of Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Disorders During the COVID 19 Pandemic.	Turquía/ Inglés	Mixto
(³⁶36. Mutluer T, Doenyas C, Genc HA. Behavioral Implications of the Covid-19 Process for Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Individuals' Comprehension of and Reactions to the Pandemic Conditions. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:561882. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.561882 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.56188... )	Behavioral Implications of the Covid-19 Process for Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Individuals’ Comprehension of and Reactions to the Pandemic Conditions.	Turquía/ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(³⁷37. Turan B, Kocarslan N, Gulsen M, Dursun OB. Your country is your routine: the evacuation, quarantine, and management of behavioral problems of a child with autism during COVID-19 pandemic. Dusunen Adam J Psychiatry Neurolog Sci. 2020;33:310-2. doi: 10.14744/DAJPNS.2020.00095 https://doi.org/10.14744/DAJPNS.2020.000... )	Your country is your routine: the evacuation, quarantine, and management of behavioral problems of a child with autism during COVID-19 pandemic.	Turquía/ Inglés	Estudio de Caso
(³⁸38. Oomen D, Nijhof AD, Wiersema JR. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adults with autism: a survey study across three countries. Mol Autism. 2021;12(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s13229-021-00424-y https://doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00424... )	The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adults with autism: a survey study across three countries.	Reino Unido/ Inglés	Mixto
(³⁹39. Davidson CL, Lodge K, Kam A. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on autistic adults - a survey. Adv Autism. 2020;7(4). doi: 10.1108/AIA-10-2020-0057 https://doi.org/10.1108/AIA-10-2020-0057... )	The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on autistic adults - a survey	Reino Unido/ Inglés	Mixto
(⁴⁰40. Patel JA, Badiani AA, Nielsen FBH, Assi S, Unadkat V, Patel B, et al. COVID-19 and autism: Uncertainty, distress and feeling forgotten. Public Health Pract. 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.puhip.2020.100034 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhip.2020.100... )	COVID-19 and autism: Uncertainty, distress and feeling forgotten.	Reino Unido/ Inglés	Carta al Editor
(⁴¹41. Alhuzimi T. Stress and emotional wellbeing of parents due to change in routine for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) at home during COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. Res Dev Disabil. 2021;108:103822. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103822 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2020.1038... )	Stress and emotional wellbeing of parents due to change in routine for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) at home during COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia.	Arabia Saudita/ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(⁴²42. Colizzi M, Sironi E, Antonini F, Ciceri ML, Bovo C, Zoccante L. Psychosocial and Behavioral Impact of COVID-19 in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Online Parent Survey. Brain Sci. 2020;10:341. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10060341 https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10060341... )	Psychosocial and Behavioral Impact of COVID-19 in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Online Parent Survey.	Italia/ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(⁴³43. Aarabi MA, Abdi K, Khanjani MS. COVID-19 and Mental Health of People with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Families; What Can Be Done? Middle East J Rehabil Health Stud. 2021;8(2):e112188. doi: 10.5812/mejrh.112188 https://doi.org/10.5812/mejrh.112188... )	COVID-19 and Mental Health of People with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Families; What Can Be Done?	Irán/ Inglés	Carta al Editor
(⁴⁴44. Naeim M, Rezaeisharif A. The COVID-19 outbreak and the problems of children with autism. Minerva Psichiatrica. 2021;62(1);2-4. doi: 10.23736/S2724-6612.20.02101-9 https://doi.org/10.23736/S2724-6612.20.0... )	The COVID-19 outbreak and the problems of children with autism.	Irán/ Inglés	Carta al Editor
(⁴⁵45. Amorim R, Catarino S, Miragaia P, Ferreras C, Viana V, Guardiano M. The impact of COVID-19 on children with autism spectrum disorder. Rev Neurol. 2020;71(8):285-91. doi: 10.33588/rn.7108.2020381 https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.7108.2020381... )	The impact of COVID-19 on children with autism spectrum disorder.	Portugal/ Inglés	Cuantitativo
(⁴⁶46. Chamak B. Vécus de familles d'enfants autistes en période de confinement: étude exploratoire. Neuropsychiatr Enfance Adolesc. 2021. doi: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2021.05.003 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2021.0... )	Vécus de familles d’enfants autistes en période de confinement: étude exploratoire.	Francia/ Francés	Cualitativo
(⁴⁷47. Fernandes ADSA, Speranza M, Mazak MSR, Gasparini DA, Cid MFB. Desafios cotidianos e possibilidades de cuidado com crianças e adolescentes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) frente à COVID-19. Cad Bras Ter Ocup. 2021;29:e2121. doi: 10.1590/2526-8910.ctoAR212 https://doi.org/10.1590/2526-8910.ctoAR2... )	Desafios cotidianos e possibilidades de cuidado com crianças e adolescentes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) frente à COVID-19.	Brasil/ Portugués	Ensayo reflexivo
(⁴⁸48. Rodríguez IDC, Cordero AR. Repercusión psicológica en niños con Trastorno del espectro autista durante el confinamiento por COVID-19. Multimed . 2020 [cited 2022 Feb 14];24(3). Avaliable from: http://www.revmultimed.sld.cu/index.php/mtm/article/view/1978 http://www.revmultimed.sld.cu/index.php/... )	Repercusión psicológica en niños con Trastorno del espectro autista durante el confinamiento por COVID-19.	Cuba/ Español	Revisión bibliográfica
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