Quality of life and people living with AIDS: relationship with sociodemographic and health aspects

Costa, Tadeu Lessa da; Oliveira, Denize Cristina de; Gomes, Antonio Marcos Tosoli; Formozo, Gláucia Alexandre

doi:10.1590/0104-1169.3350.2455

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Original Articles • Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 22 (4) • Jul-Aug 2014 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1169.3350.2455 copy

Quality of life and people living with AIDS: relationship with sociodemographic and health aspects¹ 1 Paper extracted from doctoral dissertation "Social representations of HIV/Aids and quality of life: a study among people living with the condition in the internalization context", presented to Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

OBJECTIVE:

to analyze the relationship of sociodemographic and health dimensions with the quality of life of people living with the human immunodeficiency virus.

METHOD:

descriptive and quantitative study. The subjects were 131 seropositive people treated in a specialized center of the Norte-Fluminense municipality, Brazil. A form with sociodemographic and health data was applied, as well as the World Health Organization instrument for the assessment of the quality of life of people with the human immunodeficiency virus.

RESULTS:

the statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in the assessment of the various dimensions of quality of life by the subjects for gender, education, employment, personal income, medical condition, self-perception of sickness, history of hospitalizations, and bodily alterations due to the antiretroviral drugs.

CONCLUSION:

professional nursing and health care, as well as public policies in the area, should valorize the quality of life approach, considering the conditions related to its configuration.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Quality of Life; Nursing

Variable		n	%
Gender
	Male	68	51.9
	Female	63	48.1
Age group
	20-29	24	18.3
	30-39	38	29
	40-49	43	32.8
	50-59	19	14.5
	≥60	7	5.3
Schooling
	Had not studied	2	1.5
	Incomplete elementary education	44	33.6
	Complete elementary education	36	27.5
	Complete high school education	39	29.8
	Complete higher education	10	7.6
Marital status
	Single/no steady partner	54	41.2
	Married/living with partner/stable union	61	46.6
	Steady partner, however, not living together	16	12.2
Sexual orientation
	Heterosexual	103	78.6
	Homosexual/bisexual	28	21.4
Exposure category
	Sexual	127	96.9
	Other	4	3.1
Time since diagnosis (years)
	≤1.9	25	19.1
	2 to 5	35	26.7
	5.1 to 10	38	29.0
	≥10.1	33	25.2
High activity antiretroviral therapy use
	Yes	101	77.1
	No	30	22.9
Infection stage
	Stage 1 (≥500 cd4/mm³)	56	42.7
	Stage 2 (499 to 200 cd4/mm³)	48	36.6
	Stage 3 (<200 cd4/mm³)	10	7.6
	Stage 4 (unknown value)	17	13.0
Employment
	Yes	71	54.2
	No	60	45.8
Employment status
	Self-employed	33	25.2
	Formally employed	32	24.4
	Unemployed	22	16.8
	Retired/pensioner	32	24.4
	Other	12	9.2
Individual income (minimum wages)
	Without income	22	16.8
	≤1	39	29.8
	1.1 to 3	49	37.4
	3.1 to 5	10	7.6
	≥5	11	8.4
Total		131	100

Variables		n	%	Physical	p value	Psychological	p value	Level of independence	p value
Gender					0.185		0.009^†		0.367
	Male	68	51.91	14.20		15.00		14.26
	Female	63	48.09	13.40		13.60		13.75
Education					0.163		0.098		0.031^†
	Had not studied	2	1.53	12.00		12.40		11.00
	Elementary Incomp.	44	33.59	13.36		13.65		13.14*
	Elementary Comp.	36	27.48	14.50		14.51		14.33
	High school comp.	39	29.77	13.33		14.69		14.31
	Higher comp.	10	7.63	15.50		16.16		16.00*
Employment					0.011^†		0.002^†		0.000^†
	Yes	71	54.19	14.55		15.21		14.97
	No	60	45.80	12.93		13.37		12.85
Personal Income					0.032^†		0.128		0.016^†
	Without income	22	16.79	12.23*		13.09		12.86
	≤1 MW	39	29.77	13.10		14.05		13.10
	1.1 to 3 MWs	49	37.40	14.73*		14.81		14.78
	3.1 to 5 MWs	10	7.63	14.80		15.60		14.80
	>5 MW	11	8.40	14.45		14.98		15.27
Variables				Social relationships	p value	Environment	p value	SRPB^‡	p value
Gender					0.289		0.046^†		0.018^†
	Male			14.79		13.10		14.75
	Female			14.16		12.24		13.16
Education					0.101		0.235		0.069
	Had not studied			11.50		11.50		11.50
	Elementary Incomp.			13.98		12.68		14.25
	Elementary Comp.			14.19		12.87		13.46
	High school comp.			14.92		14.00		16.70
	Higher comp.			16.70		12.70		14.02
Employment					0.019^†		0.033^†		0.044^†
	Yes			15.13		13.11		14.56
	No			13.73		12.18		13.30
Personal Income					0.200		0.030^†		0.027^†
	Without income			13.45		12.25		12.05*
	≤1 MW			13.90		12.05*		14.03*
	1.1 to 3 MWs			15.02		12.81		14.12*
	3.1 to 5 MWs			15.30		13.50		15.50*
	>5 MW			15.55		14.55*		15.73*

Variables		n	%	Physical	p value	Psychological	p value	Level of independence	p value
Clinical condition					0.000*		0.000*		0.000*
	Asymptomatic	91	69.47	15.05		15.16		14.98
	Symptomatic	40	30.53	10.98		12.56		11.78
Self-perception of sickness					0.000*		0.000*		0.000*
	Yes	35	26.72	10.26		12.25		11.09
	No	96	73.28	15.10		15.14		15.06
Hospitalization for AIDS					0.364		0.510		0.034*
	Yes	48	36.64	13.44		14.13		13.25
	No	83	63.36	14.02		14.51		14.43
Bodily alterations due to High activity antiretroviral therapy					0.017*		0.032*		0.073
	Yes	81	80.20	13.33		14.07		13.46
	No	20	19.80	15.40		15.84		14.85
Variables				Social relationships	p value	Environment	p value	SRPB^†	p value
Clinical condition					0.007*		0.039*		0.114
	Asymptomatic			15.02		12.98		14.36
	Symptomatic			13.28		12.01		13.13
Self-perception of sickness					0.001*		0.001*		0.001*
	Yes			12.89		11.46		12.09
	No			15.07		13.13		14.68
Hospitalization for AIDS					0.814		0.662		0.950
	Yes			14.40		12.81		13.98
	No			14.54		12.61		13.99
Bodily alterations due to High activity antiretroviral therapy					0.409		0.158		0.732
	Yes			14.36		12.63		14.21
	No			15.15		13.50		14.00

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[1] Corresponding Author: Tadeu Lessa da Costa Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Campus Macaé - Profº Aloísio Teixeira Av. Aluizio da Silva Gomes, 50 Bairro: Granja dos Cavaleiros CEP: 27930-560, Macaé, RJ, Brasil E-mail: tadeulessa@yahoo.com.br