Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Epidemiol. Serv. Saúde 32 (1) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S2237-96222023000100012 copiar

Transtornos mentales comunes en profesionales de atención primaria de salud durante el período de pandemia de covid-19: un estudio transversal de la macrorregión norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2021

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumen

Objetivo:

analizar la prevalencia de síntomas de trastornos mentales comunes (TMC) en profesionales sanitarios de la Atención Primaria de Salud de agosto a octubre de 2021.

Métodos:

estudio transversal realizado con profesionales de la salud de la macrorregión norte de Minas Gerais. El muestreo fue del tipo bola de nieve. La variable dependiente, TMC, se evaluó mediante el Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). En el análisis estadístico se utilizó la regresión de Poisson.

Resultados:

participaron 702 profesionales de salud. La prevalencia de TMC fue del 43,2%, mayor en quienes presentaban síntomas de trastornos mentales previos (RP = 2,42; IC_95% 1,43;4,08) y actuales (RP = 1,54; IC_95% 1,25;1,89); exceso de trabajo durante la pandemia (RP = 1,42; IC_95% 1,16;1,73); síntomas previos de ansiedad (RP = 1,27; IC_95% 1,01;1,61), depresión (RP = 1,27; IC_95% 1,06;1,52) y otros trastornos mentales (RP = 1,20; IC_95% 1,01;1,43).

Conclusión:

hubo una asociación entre los TMC y los síntomas previos y actuales de los trastornos mentales y la sobrecarga de trabajo durante la pandemia de COVID-19.

Palabras clave:
Trastornos Mentales; Personal de Salud; Atención Primaria de Salud; COVID-19; Estudios Transversales.

Variables	Total	Absence of CMDs^b	Presence of CMDs^b	PR^c (95%CI)^a	p-value
Variables	% (95%CI)^a	% (95%CI)^a	% (95%CI)^a	PR^c (95%CI)^a	p-value
Sex
Male	15.4 (12.9;18.2)	72.2 (63.1;79.8)	27.8 (20.2;36.9)	1.00
Female	84.6 (81.7;87.1)	54.0 (50.0;58.0)	46.0 (41.2;50.0)	1.63 (1.13;2.36)	0.008
Age (in full years)
≥ 35	49.6 (45.9;53.2)	58.0 (52.8;63.1)	42.0 (36.9;47.2)	1.00
≤ 34	50.4 (46.7;54.1)	55.4 (50.1;60.4)	44.6 (39.5;49.8)	1.06 (0.87;1.28)	0.533
Marital status
Single/widowed/divorced	44.7 (41.0;48.4)	56.4 (50.8;61.8)	43.6 (38.2;49.1)	1.03 (0.85;1.25)
Married	55.3 (51.6;58.9)	57.8 (52.8;62.6)	42.2 (37.4;47.2)	1.00	0.729
Performance level
Middle/technical level	59.3 (55.5;62.8)	60.6 (55.8;65.1)	39.4 (34.8;44.2)	1.00
Higher level	40.7 (37.1;44.4)	51.4 (45.6;57.1)	48.6 (42.8;54.3)	1.23 (1.01;1.48)	0.031
Region
Januária GRS^d/Pirapora GRS^d	36.7 (33.2;40.3)	61.3 (55.2;67.1)	38.7 (32.9;44.7)	1.00
Montes Claros SRS^e	63.3 (59.6;66.7)	54.2 (49.5;58.8)	45.8 (41.2;50.4)	1.18 (0.95;1.46)	0.118
Overall prevalence	-	56.8 (53.1;60.4)	43.2 (39.5;46.8)	-	-

Variables	Total	Absence of CMDs^b	Presence of CMDs^b	PR^c (95%CI)^a	p-value
Variables	% (95%CI)^a	% (95%CI)^a	% (95%CI)^a	PR^c (95%CI)^a	p-value
Working on the front line in the fight against covid-19
No	25.6 (22.5;29.0)	64.6 (57.2;71.2)	35.4 (28.7;42.7)	1.00
Yes	74.4 (70.9;77.5)	53.3 (49.0;57.6)	46.7 (42.3;51.0)	1.31 (1.01;1.69)	0.035
Previous diagnosis of covid-19
No	77.1 (73.8;80.0)	59.3 (55.1;63.4)	40.7 (36.6;44.8)	1.00
Yes	22.9 (19.9;26.2)	48.4 (40.8;56.1)	51.6 (43.9;59.1)	1.27 (1.03;1.55)	0.019
Presence of previous mental disorder symptoms
No	32.7 (29.2;36.2)	88.9 (84.1;92.4)	11.1 (7.6;15.8)	1.00
Yes	67.3 (63.7;70.7)	40.8 (36.4;45.3)	59.2 (54.7;63.6)	5.33 (3.48;8.14)	< 0.001
Presence of current mental disorder symptoms
No	64.4 (60.7;67.8)	74.3 (70.0;78.1)	25.7 (21.8;30.0)	1.00
Yes	35.6 (32.1;39.2)	25.7 (20.6;31.5)	74.3 (68.4;79.3)	2.88 (2.36;3.52)	< 0.001
Previous psychological or psychiatric follow-up
No	64.3 (60.6;67.7)	64.3 (59.7;68.5)	35.7 (31.4;40.2)	1.00
Yes	35.7 (32.2;39.3)	43.0 (36.7;49.1)	57.0 (50.8;63.0)	1.59 (1.32;1.91)	< 0.001
Current psychological or psychiatric follow-up
No	86.6 (83.9;88.9)	59.8 (55.8;63.6)	40.2 (36.3;44.1)
Yes	13.4 (11.0;16.1)	36.6 (27.5;46.7)	63.4 (53.3;72.5)	1.57 (1.28;1.93)	< 0.001
Previous psychotropic medication use
No	62.7 (59.0;66.1)	69.6 (65.1;73.7)	30.4 (26.2;34.8)	1.00
Yes	37.3 (33.8;40.9)	34.9 (29.3;40.8)	65.1 (59.1;70.6)	2.14 (1.77;2.59)	< 0.001
Current psychotropic medication use
No	77.6 (74.3;80.5)	64.3 (60.1;68.3)	35.7 (31.7;39.8)	1.00
Yes	22.4 (19.4;25.6)	30.7 (23.9;38.4)	69.3 (61.5;76.0)	1.94 (1.62;2.32)	< 0.001
Work during the pandemic
I worked the same way or less than usual	48.2 (44.4;51.9)	67.9 (62.6;72.7)	32.1 (27.2;37.4)	1.00
I worked more than usual and I felt overwhelmed	51.8 (48.0;55.5)	43.8 (38.6;49.0)	56.2 (50.9;61.3)	1.75 (1.42;2.16)	< 0.001
Previous self-reported anxiety symptoms
No	44.1 (40.4;47.8)	79.7 (74.8;83.8)	20.3 (16.2;25.2)	1.00
Yes	55.9 (52.1;59.5)	38.3 (33.6;43.3)	61.7 (56.7;66.3)	3.02 (2.33;3.92)	< 0.001
Previous self-reported insomnia symptoms
No	77.3 (74.0;80.2)	62.7 (58.5;66.7)	37.3 (33.2;41.4)	1.00
Yes	22.7 (19.7;26.0)	35.7 (28.6;43.4)	64.3 (56.5;71.4)	1.72 (1.44;2.06)	< 0.001
Previous self-reported depressive symptoms
No	87.8 (85.2;90.0)	61.6 (57.7;65.4)	38.4 (34.6;42.3)	1.00
Yes	12.2 (9.9;14.8)	20.2 (13.0;30.0)	79.8 (69.9;86.7)	2.07 (1.74;2.45)	< 0.001
Other previous self-reported symptoms
No	90.4 (88.0;92.4)	60.6 (56.7;64.4)	39.4 (35.6;43.2)	1.00
Yes	9.6 (7.5;11.9)	18.2 (10.7;29.1)	81.8 (70.8;89.2)	2.09 (1.78;2.45)	< 0.001
Previous self-reported antidepressant medication use
No	78.3 (75.1;81.2)	63.3 (59.1;67.2)	36.7 (32.8;40.8)	1.00
Yes	21.7 (18.7;24.8)	33.6 (26.5;41.3)	66.4 (58.6;73.4)	1.80 (1.51;2.16)	< 0.001
Previous self-reported anxiolytic medication use
No	79.2 (76.0;82.0)	63.4 (59.3;67.3)	36.6 (32.6;40.6)	1.00
Yes	20.8 (17.9;24.0)	31.5 (24.5;39.4)	68.5 (60.5;75.4)	1.87 (1.56;2.23)	< 0.001
Previous self-reported use of another psychotropic medication
No	92.0 (88.7;93.8)	59.1 (55.2;62.8)	40.9 (37.2;44.7)	1.00
Yes	8.0 (6.2;10.2)	30.4 (19.9;43.3)	69.6 (56.6;80.1)	1.69 (1.35;2.12)	< 0.001

Variables	N	% (95%CI)^a
Community Health Agent (CHA)	222	31.6 (28.3;35.1)
Oral health technician and dental assistant	14	2.0 (1.2;3.3)
Dentist	91	13.0 (10.6;15.6)
Nurse	168	23.9 (20.9;27.2)
Physiotherapist	27	3.8 (2.6;5.5)
Physician	19	2.7 (1.7;4.1)
Nutritionist	11	1.6 (0.8;2.7)
Psychologist	36	5.1 (3.7;7.0)
Nursing Technician	77	11.0 (8.8;13.5)
Others	37	5.3 (3.8;7.1)

Groups of symptoms	Yes % (95%CI)^a	No % (95%CI)^a
Somatic symptoms
Do you get frequent headaches?	46.3 (42.7;50.0)	53.7 (49.9;57.3)
Do you have a poor appetite?	17.2 (14.5;20.1)	82.8 (79.9;85.4)
Do you get poor sleep quality?	45.7 (42.2;49.5)	53.9 (50.4;57.8)
Do you experience tremors in your hands?	15.1 (12.5;17.9)	84.9 (82.1;87.4)
Do you have poor digestion?	31.3 (28.1;34.9)	68.6 (65.0;71.9)
Do you have unpleasant sensations in your stomach?	30.1 (26.8;33.6)	69.9 (66.4;73.2)
Depressive/anxious mood
Do you get scared easily?	45.4 (41.7;49.0)	54.6 (50.9;58.3)
Do you feel nervous, tense or worried?	65.8 (62.2;69.2)	34.2 (30.7;37.8)
Have you been feeling sad lately?	41.5 (37.8;4.1)	58.5 (54.8;62.1)
Have you been crying more than usual?	23.2 (20.1;26.4)	76.8 (73.5;79.8)
Decreased vital energy
Do you find it difficult to think clearly?	31.1 (27.7;34.6)	68.9 (65.3;72.2)
Do you find it difficult to perform your daily activities with satisfaction?	35.0 (31.8;38.9)	64.7 (61.0;68.1)
Do you find it difficult to make decisions?	36.4 (32.9;40.0)	63.6 (60.0;67.1)
Do you have difficulties at work (is your work hard, does it make you suffer?)	18.4 (15.6;21.5)	81.6 (78.5;84.3)
Do you feel tired all the time?	37.7 (34.1;41.3)	62.3 (58.7;65.9)
Do you get tired easily?	45.4 (41.7;49.0)	54.6 (50.9;58.3)
Depressive Thoughts
Do you feel unable to play a useful role in your life?	15.1 (12.6;17.7)	84.9 (82.0;87.3)
Have you lost interest in things?	28.7 (25.4;32.1)	71.3 (67.9;74.6)
Do you feel useless, worthless?	9.4 (7.4;11.8)	90.6 (88.2;92.5)
Do you have thoughts about ending your life?	3.6 (2.5;5.3)	96.4 (94.6;97.5)

Variable^a	PR (95%CI)^b	p-value
Have you ever had symptoms of mental disorders
No	1.00
Yes	2.42 (1.43;4.08)	0.001
Are you currently experiencing symptoms of mental disorders
No	1.00
Yes	1.54 (1.25;1.89)	< 0.001
Work during the pandemic
I worked the same way or less than usual	1.00
I worked more than usual and I felt overwhelmed	1.42 (1.16;1.73)	< 0.001
Previous self-reported anxiety symptoms
No	1.00
Yes	1.27 (1.01;1.61)	0.049
Previous self-reported depressive symptoms
No	1.00
Yes	1.27 (1.06;1.52)	0.007
Other previous self-reported symptoms
No	1.00
Yes	1.20 (1.01;1.43)	0.031

Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente - Ministério da Saúde do Brasil SRTVN Quadra 701, Via W5 Norte, Lote D, Edifício P0700, CEP: 70719-040, +55 61 3315-3464, Fax: +55 61 3315-3464 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: ress.svs@gmail.com

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS