Carr, Rippey, Cooke(2020 Carr PJ, Rippey JCR, Cooke ML, Trevenen ML, Higgins NS, Foale AS, et al. Factors associated with peripheral intravenous cannulation first time insertion success in the emergency department: a multicentre prospective cohort analysis of patient, clinician and product characteristics. BMJ Open 2019;9:e022278. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022278 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022...
) “Factors associated with peripheral intravenous cannulation first time insertion success in the emergency department”. |
2019 Australia |
Prospective observational 879 patients (n=1,201 PVC) |
To identify the incidence of factors associated with peripheral intravenous infusion and the success rate of first versus two or more punctures. |
Incidence of first puncture success rate = 645/879. Success related to age and palpability of the patient’s vein, as well as practitioner’s confidence and experience. |
3.e |
Sweeny et al.(2121 Sweeny A, Archer-Jones A, Watkins S, Johnson L, Gunter A, Rickard C. The experience of patients at high risk of difficult peripheral intravenous cannulation: an Australian prospective observational study, Australas. Emerg Care. 2021;25(2):140-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.auec.2021.07.003 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.auec.2021.07.0...
) “The experience of patients at high risk of difficult peripheral intravenous cannulation: An Australian prospective observational study”. |
2022 Australia |
Prospective observational n=1,084 |
To identify patients with difficult peripheral intravenous cannulation (DPIVC) |
Patient characteristics (absence of visible or palpable vein, history of difficult PVC) type of PVC (larger caliber), site (hand and wrist) were pointed out as factors. |
3.e |
Marsh et al.(2222 Marsh N, Webster J, Ullman AJ, Mihala G, Cooke M, Chopra V, et al. Peripheral intravenous catheter non-infectious complications in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Adv Nurs. 2020;76(12):3346-62. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14565 https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14565...
) “Peripheral intravenous catheter non-infectious complications in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis”. |
2020 Australia |
Systematic review with 103 studies (n= 96,777 PVC) |
To point out main peripheral complications related to PVC use and where they were inserted. |
Incidence of phlebitis (23.8%) and infiltration (13.7%) being significantly higher when catheters were inserted in the emergency department. |
1.b |
Mihala et al.(2323 Mihala G, Ray-Barruel G, Chopra V, Webster JBA, Wallis M, Marsh N, et al. Phlebitis signs and symptoms with peripheral intravenous catheters. J Infus Nurs. 2018;41(4):260-3. https://doi.org/10.1097/NAN.0000000000000288 https://doi.org/10.1097/NAN.000000000000...
) “Phlebitis signs and symptoms with peripheral intravenous catheters”. |
2018 Australia |
Descriptive observational n=3,283 |
To calculate incidence of signs and symptoms for diagnosis of phlebitis and their correlations. |
Considerably low incidence and only correlations observed were heat x stiffness, heat x swelling and heat x erythema. |
4.a |
Marsh et al.(2424 Marsh N, Webster J, Mihala G, Rickard CM. Devices and dressings to secure peripheral venous catheters: a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Stud. 2017;67:12-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.11.007 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016....
) “Devices and dressings to secure peripheral venous catheters: A Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis”. |
2017 Australia |
Systematic review with meta-analysis of 6 studies (n=1,539) |
To evaluate the effects of fixation devices on the incidence of catheter loss. |
Less PVC detachment with transparent dressing compared to gauze. |
1.a |
Schmutz et al.(2525 Schmutz A, Menz L, Schumann S, Heinrich S. Dislodgement forces and cost effectiveness of dressings and securement for peripheral intravenous catheters: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Med. 2020;9(10):E3192. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9103192 https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9103192...
) “Dislodgement forces and cost effectiveness of dressings and securement for peripheral intravenous catheters: A randomized controlled trial”. |
2020 Germany |
Randomized controlled trial n= 209 |
Force required to remove a PVC versus four dressing and fixation methods. |
Sterile absorbent dressing covered by two incisive polyester wool elastics had higher strength and better cost-effectiveness compared to the other techniques. |
1.c |
Rickard et al.(2626 Rickard CM, Marsh N, Webster J, Runnegar N, Larsen E, McGrail MR, et al. Dressings and securements for the prevention of peripheral intravenous catheter failure in adults (SAVE): a pragmatic, randomised controlled, superiority trial. Lancet. 2018;392(10145):419-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31380-1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31...
) “Dressings and securements for the prevention of peripheral intravenous catheter failure in adults (SAVE):a pragmatic, randomized controlled, trial”. |
2018 Australia |
Randomized controlled trial n= 1,807 |
Effectiveness and costs of three types of standard borderless polyurethane dressing. |
No significant results were observed. These methods are associated with loss of PVCs and low durability. |
1.c |
Corley et al.(2727 Corley A, Marsh N, Ullman AJ, Rickard CM. Peripheral intravenous catheter securement: an integrative review of contemporary literature around medical adhesive tapes and supplementary securement products. J Clin Nurs. 2022;32(9-10):1841-57. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.16237 https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.16237...
) “Peripheral intravenous catheter securement: An integrative review of contemporary literature around medical adhesive tapes and supplementary securement products”. |
2022 Australia |
Integrative review with 19 studies n=43,683 PVC |
Synthesize the evidence related to medical adhesive tapes for PVCs. |
The quality assessment identified high risk of bias or confounding factors. The authors concluded that the evidence is limited. |
4.b |
Keogh et al.(2828 Keogh S, Shelverton C, Flynn J, Mihala G, Mathew S, Davies KM, et al. Implementation and evaluation of short peripheral intravenous catheter flushing guidelines: a stepped wedge cluster randomised trial. BMC Med. 2020;18:252. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-020-01728-1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-020-01728...
) “Implementation and evaluation of short peripheral intravenous catheter flushing guidelines: a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial”. |
2020 Australia |
Randomized controlled trial n= 619 |
Evaluated the impact of a multifaceted intervention for PVC maintenance. |
lushing with 0.9% NaCL administered via an already prepared syringe with ready-to-use system showed a difference in risk (-8%, 95% CI -14 to -1, p = 0.032) compared to the control group with standard care. |
1.d |
Marsh et al.(2929 Marsh N, Webster J, Flynn J, Mihala G, Hewer B, Fraser J, et al. Securement methods for peripheral venous catheters to prevent failure: a randomised controlled pilot trial. J Vasc Access. 2015;16(3):237-44. https://doi.org/10.5301/jva.5000348 https://doi.org/10.5301/jva.5000348...
) “Securement methods for peripheral venous catheters to prevent failure: A randomized controlled pilot trial”. |
2015 Australia |
Randomized controlled trial n=89 |
Evaluating the effectiveness of four safety methods to prevent PVC-related failures |
Catheter failure was lowest in the tissue adhesive group (14%) and highest in the control group (38%). |
1.c |
Marsh et al.(3030 Marsh N, Larsen E, Hewer B, Monteagle E, Ware RS, Schults J, et al. 'How many audits do you really need?': learnings from 5-years of peripheral intravenous catheter audits. Infect Dis Health. 2021;26(3):182-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2021.03.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2021.03.00...
) “How many audits do you really need?: Learnings from 5-years of peripheral intravenous catheter audits”. |
2021 Australia |
Prospective observational n=2,274 PVC |
Determine the optimal number of PVC patients for clinical audits. |
Authors defined that optimal values should be between 100 and 250 PVC per audit round, depending on the prevalence of complication. |
3.e |
Dutra et al.(3131 Dutra GO, Moraes MCS, Lima TC, Alves DFS, Silva VA, Gasparino RC. Prevention of events with vascular catheters: validation of an instrument. Rev Enferm UFPE. 2021;15:e246201. https://doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963.2021.246201 https://doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963.2021.2...
) “Prevention of events with vascular catheters: Validation of an instrument”. |
2021 Brazil |
Methodological study n=50 |
To validate an instrument that identifies factors that hinder PVC insertion and maintenance. |
Instrument proved to be valid (high Content Index) and reliable (through Interobserver reliability using Kappa coefficient). |
4.c |
Yagnik, Graves, Thong(3232 Yagnik L, Graves A, Thong K. Plastic in patient study: prospective audit of adherence to peripheral intravenous cannula monitoring and documentation guidelines, with the aim of reducing future rates of intravenous cannula-related complications. Am J Infect Control. 2017;45(1):34-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2016.09.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2016.09.0...
). “Plastic in patient study: Prospective audit of adherence to peripheral intravenous cannula monitoring and documentation guidelines, with the aim of reducing future rates of intravenous cannula-related complications”. |
2017 Australia |
Prospective observational n=102 |
To improve compliance of PVC documentation and monitoring through three “The plastic in patient - PIP” interventions. |
Documentation improved in the post-intervention group (36.4 x 50%, p = 0.025). Early identification for non-indication of PVC and a trend towards a reduction in PVC-related phlebitis also had positive results post-intervention. |
3.c |
Webster et al.(3333 Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, Marsh N. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database Syst Rev[Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022 Apr 21];1(1):CD007798. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6353131/pdf/CD007798.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article...
) “Clinically indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters”. |
2019 Australia |
Systematic review with meta-analysis of 9 studies (n = 7,412) |
To evaluate the effects of PVC removal when clinically indicated versus routine catheter removal. |
There is no clear difference in the rates of catheter-related infection, phlebitis and pain in the two groups. There is moderate-certainty evidence that catheter infiltration and blockage are lower when access is changed routinely. With moderate certainty evidence, there was a reduction in device-related costs when clinically indicated. |
1.a |
Ray-Barruel et al.(3434 Ray-Barruel G, Cooke M, Chopra V, Mitchell M, Rickard CM. The I-DECIDED clinical decision-making tool for peripheral intravenous catheter assessment and safe removal: a clinimetric evaluation. BMJ Open. 2020;10:e035239. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035239 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035...
) “The I-DECIDED clinical decision-making tool for peripheral intravenous catheter assessment and safe removal: a clinimetric evaluation”. |
2020 Australia |
Methodological study n=68 |
To validate an 8-step tool for device assessment and decision making. |
“I-DECIDED” tool demonstrated strong content validity, with high reliability and replicability for advising PVC-related decision making and assistance. |
4.c |