Lessons from the past in the present: news from the Spanish flu pandemic to COVID-19

Neto, Mercedes; Gomes, Tatiana de Oliveira; Cunha, Cristiane Silveira; Souza, Hugo Alberto Neves de; Macena, Marcos Vinicius Mendes; Fonseca, Mary Hellem Silva; Porto, Fernando Rocha

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2020-1161

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 75 (01) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-1161 copy

Lessons from the past in the present: news from the Spanish flu pandemic to COVID-19

Lecciones del pasado en el presente: noticias de la pandemia de gripe española al COVID-19

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

to analyze the health conducts for combating the Spanish flu and its relationship with the COVID-19 pandemic in Rio de Janeiro.

Methods:

study from the perspective of microhistory, with analysis of articles published in Revista da Semana on the Spanish flu, having as criteria publications with the term "epidemic" referring to the Spanish flu or influenza in the period of the epidemic outbreak in Rio de Janeiro, Federal District.

Results:

18 records, organized in three thematic axes: political, 4; social, 11; care, 3, were found.

Final considerations:

the lessons left by the Spanish flu epidemic in coronavirus times will be changes in the political, social and care field as marks of major epidemics.

Descriptors:
Coronavirus Infections; Pandemics; News; Pandemic Influenza, 1918-1919; Nursing History

Date	Article title	Summary of news record	Thematic axes
10/19/1918	A epidemia (The epidemic)	Political crisis lacks measures, resulting in paralyzing various sectors in society.	Political
10/19/1918	Consultório de Mulher - Influenza Hespanhola (Women's Office - Influenza Hespanhola)	Advice on body hygiene and environments.	Care
10/26/1918	A epidemia (The epidemic)	Worsening of the epidemic by not having heard the voice of science.	Political
	Cartas de Mulheres(Letters from Women)	She reports the passage of a worker affected by influenza, but for fear of losing her job she continued her work activities and after days she died.	Social
	A epidemia - para combater e debelar a influenza - conselhos prevenções e remédios (The epidemic - to fight and stop influenza - prevention advice and medicines)	Infected registry should be isolated and presents prevention, combat and care with older adults.	Care
	Notícias e comentários Aspectos macabros do Rio durante a epidemia (News and comments Macabre aspects of Rio during the epidemic)	They report as prophylactic purgative therapy and diets.	Care
	Os marinheiros de Pittsburgh (The Sailors of Pittsburgh)	Death record of 26 sailors, meaning 10% of the crew.	Social
	A estatística fúnebre da epidemia (The mournful statistics of the epidemic)	Records the number of deaths, leading to overcrowding in cemeteries.	Social
	A semana trágica (The tragic week)	Reports the death of 30 doctors and medical students.	Social
11/02/1918	Cartas de mulheres - o amor trágico(Letters from women - tragic love)	It reports the case of an infected husband who committed suicide.	Social
	A hecatombe da epidemia (The hecatomb of the epidemic)	Records the number of fatal victims, and the epidemic is without social criteria	Social
	Carlos Chagas e a epidemia (Carlos Chagas and the epidemic)	It records the contribution of scientist Carlos Chagas to the epidemic.	Political
	Semana elegante - A cidade triste(Elegant week - The sad city)	It reports the sad and empty city, with few people on the streets.	Social
11/09/1918	Cartas de mulheres (Women's letters)	It reports suffering and the ability to overcome them, highlighting the pain of mothers for the loss of their children.	Social
11/09/1918	A epidemia e os presidiários (The epidemic and inmates)	It reports penitentiary's poor conditions and the contribution of inmates in the burials.	Social
11/16/1918	O sr. Rodrigues Alves não a presidência (Mr. Rodrigues Alves not to presidency)	Records the loss of Mr. Rodrigues Alves - as president of Brazil.	Political
11/16/1918	Uma heroína da Caridade (A heroine of Charity)	It cites selfless religious and solidarity to those in need.	Social

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[1] Corresponding author: Mercedes Neto E-mail: mercedesneto.uerj@gmail.com