Analysis of phonological processes in the acquisition of complex onset in children with typical phonological development

Soares, Maraísa Espíndola de Castro; Payão, Luzia Miscow da Cruz; Oliveira Jr., Miguel

doi:10.1590/1982-0216/201921111118

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ORIGINAL ARTICLES • Rev. CEFAC 21 (1) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0216/201921111118 copy

Analysis of phonological processes in the acquisition of complex onset in children with typical phonological development

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

description and analysis of the phonological processes in the acquisition of complex onset by children with typical phonological development in the age ranges of 3;0 and 5;11.

Methods:

thirty-one students of a public day-care center in Maceió-AL, having no auditory, cognitive, or motor impairment, participated in this study. The data were collected using the ABFW Child Language Test (WERTZNER, 2004); spontaneous speech was also collected. Inferential statistical analysis of the data was performed, and the phonological processes were analyzed in the production of complex onset.

Results:

we found evidence for late acquisition of this syllabic component in the age range of 5;0-5;11 for both types of complex onsets. In relation to the prevalence of phonological processes, a statistically significant difference was observed between the different processes, with a prevalence of the simplified phonological process for C₁V, when taking the two types of complex onset into consideration; however, the 5-year age group, in which there was a prevalence of liquid substitution, was an exception.

Conclusion:

the most observed phonological processes in children's speech were: simplification of C₁V and liquid substitution. These results will contribute to the selection of the lexicon for evaluation and treatment of cases of atypical development.

Keywords:
Speech; Child; Language; Articulation Disorders

Production of CO	Age range
	3;0 - 3;11		4;0 - 4;11		5;0 - 5;11
	N	(%)	N	(%)	N	(%)	P-value
Target productions	66	33.00	118	49.17	139	77.20
Productions showing phonological processes	134	67.00	122	50.83	41	22.80	< 0.0001

Phonological Processes	Age range
	3;0 - 3;11		4;0 - 4;11		5;0 - 5;11
	N	(%)	N	(%)	N	(%)	P-value
Simplification to C₁V	87	64.93	89	72.95	6	14.63
Substitution of the liquid	24	17.91	26	21.31	24	58.54
Metathesis	16	11.94	4	3.28	8	19.51	< 0.0001
Epenthesis	4	2.98	0	0	1	2.44
Substitution of obstruent	3	2.24	1	0.82	1	2.44
Simplification to C₂V	0	0	2	1.64	1	2.44

Phonological processes in acquisition of CO with /l/	Age Range
	3;0 - 3;11		4;0 - 4;11		5;0 - 5;11
	N	(%)	N	(%)	N	(%)	P-value
Simplification to C1V	25	55.56	39	70.90	1	3.45
Substitution of the liquid	11	24.44	10	18.18	24	82.76
Metathesis	8	17.78	4	7.28	3	10.34	< 0.0001
Epenthesis	1	2.22	0	0	0	0
Simplification to C2V	0	0	2	3.64	1	3.45

Phonological Processes during acquisition of CO with /ɾ/	Age Range
	3;0 - 3;11		4;0 - 4;11		5;0 - 5;11
	N	(%)	N	(%)	N	(%)	P-value
Simplification to C₁V	62	69.67	58	78.38	5	41.67
Substitution of the liquid	13	14.60	15	20.27	0	0
Metathesis	8	8.99	0	0	5	41.67	<0.0001
Epenthesis	3	3.37	0	0	1	8.33
Substitution of obstruent	3	3.37	1	1.35	1	8.33

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[1] Corresponding address: Maraísa Espíndola de Castro Soares, Cond. Res. Parque Petrópolis II, BL 14 Ap 001, Petrópolis, CEP: 57062-592 - Maceió, Alagoas, Brasil, E-mail address: mara_espindola@hotmail.com