Partição de recursos alimentares entre quatro espécies de morcegos frugívoros (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae)

Muller, Marília Feleciano; Reis, Nelio Roberto dos

doi:10.1590/S0101-81751992000200022

Resumo

This study was carried out in the region of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil in three different areas: a primary forest, a disturbed primary forest and an open area. Within 207 hours of capture, 990 individuals were collected, 939 of them being fruit-eating bats. Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758), Sturnira lilium (Geoffroy, 1810), Platyrrhinus lineatus (Geoffroy, 1810) and Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818) were the four most collected species in a total of 899 individuals. A. lituratus was found in greater number in all the areas, showing significant variation in relation to the size of the forests. The partition of food resources among the four most collected species was known through the analysis of their feces. The coexixtence of these species can be explained by their investing in different foods or their diverging time activity.

Chiroptera; Phyllostomidae; frugivorous bats; food resources

Partição de recursos alimentares entre quatro espécies de morcegos frugívoros (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae)

Partition of food resources among four species of frugivorous bats (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae)

Marília Feleciano Muller^I,II; Nelio Roberto dos Reis^II

^IDepartamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86055-900 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil

^IIBolsista do CNPq

ABSTRACT

This study was carried out in the region of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil in three different areas: a primary forest, a disturbed primary forest and an open area. Within 207 hours of capture, 990 individuals were collected, 939 of them being fruit-eating bats. Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758), Sturnira lilium (Geoffroy, 1810), Platyrrhinus lineatus (Geoffroy, 1810) and Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818) were the four most collected species in a total of 899 individuals. A. lituratus was found in greater number in all the areas, showing significant variation in relation to the size of the forests. The partition of food resources among the four most collected species was known through the analysis of their feces. The coexixtence of these species can be explained by their investing in different foods or their diverging time activity.

Key words: Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae, frugivorous bats, food resources

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AGRADECIMENTOS. Aos Profs Moacyr E. Medri e José Lopes, pela leitura do manuscrito e oportunas sugestões. Ao CNPq e Universidade Estadual de Londrina, pelo suporte financeiro e infra-estrutura para a realização deste trabalho.

REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS

BONACCORSO, F.J. 1979. Foraging and reproductive ecology in a Panamanian bat community. Bull. Flo. State Mus. Biol. Sci. 24: 359-408.

CHARLES-DOMINIQUE, P. 1986. Inter-relations between frugivorous vertebrates and pioner plants: Cecropia, birds and bats in French Guyana, p. 119-134. In: A. ESTRADA & T.H. FLEMING (eds) Frugivores and seed dispersal. Dordrecht, W. Junk Publishers, 398p.

FLEMING, T.H. 1986. Opportunism versus specialization: the evolution of feeding strategies in frugivorous bats, p. 105-118. In: A. ESTRADA & T.H. FLEMING (eds) Frugivores and seed dispersal. Dordrecht, W. Junk Publishers, 398p.

______. 1991. The relationship between body size, diet, and habitat use in frugivorous bats, genus Carollia (Phyllostomidae). J. Mammal. 74 (3): 493-501.

FLEMING, T.H.; E.T. HOOPER & D.E. WILSON. 1972. Three Central Americian bat comunities: structure, reproductive cycles and movement patterns. Ecology 53: 555-569.

FLEMING, T.H.; E.R. HEITHAUS & W.R. SAWYER. 1977. An experimental analysis of the food location behavior of frugivorous bats. Ecology 58: 619-927.

FLEMING, T.H. & E.R. HEITHAUS. 1981. Frugivorous bats, seed shadows, and the structure of tropical forests. Biotropica (reprod. Bot. Suppl.) 13: 45-53.

GOODWIN, G.G. & A.M. GREENHALL. 1961. A review of the bats of Trinidad and Tobago. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. His. 122 (3): 187-302.

GREENHALL, A.M. & J.L. PARADISO. 1968. Bats and bat banding. Washington, Boreau on Sport Fisheries Wildl, 47p.

HANDLEY, C.D. JR. 1967. Bats of the canopy of an Amazonian forest. Atas Simpósio Biota Amazônica (Zoologia) 5: 211-215.

HEITHAUS, E.R.; T.H. FLEMING & P.A. OPLER. 1975. Foraging patterns and resource utilization in seven species of bats in seasonal tropical forest. Ecology 56:841-854.

HOWELL, D.J. & D. BURCH. 1974. Food habits of some Costa Rican bats. Rev. Biol. Trop. 21 (2): 281-294.

HUBER, J. 1910. Matas e madeiras amazônicas. Bol. Mus. Goeldi 6: 91-225.

HUMPHREY, S.R. & F.J. BONACCORSO. 1979. Population and community ecology, p. 409-441. In: R.J. BAKER, J.K. JONES JR. & D.C. CARTER (eds). Biology of bats the New World family Phyllostomidae. Part III. Spec. Pub. Mus. Texas Tech. Univ. 16: 1-441.

HUSSON, A.M. 1962. The bats of Suriname. Leiden, E.J. Brill, 282p.

JONES, J.K. & D.C. CARTER. 1976. Annoted checklist with keys to subfamilies and genera, p. 7-38. In: R.J. BAKER; J.K. JONES JR. & D.C. CARTER (eds) Biology of bats the New World family Phyllostomidae. Part I. Spec. Publ. Mus. Texas Tech. Univ. 10:1-218.

LAVAL, R.K. 1970. Banding retturns and activity periods of some Costa Rican bats. South. Nat. 15 (1): 1-10.

MARINHO-FILHO, J.S. 1991. The coexistence of two frugivorous bat species and the phenology of their food plants in Brazil. J. Trop. Ecol. 7: 59-67.

MARINHO-FILHO, J.S. & I. SAZIMA. 1989. Activity patterns of six phyllostomid bat species in Southeastern Brazil. Rev. bras. Biol. 49: 777-782.

MCNAB, B.K. 1971. The structure of tropical bat faunas. Ecology 52: 351-358.

MORRISON, D.W. 1978. Lunar phobia in a neotropical fruit bat Artibeus jamaicensis. Anim. Behav. 26 (3): 852-855.

ODUM, E.P. 1983. Basic Ecology. CBS College Publishing, 434p.

ORNELAS, M.E. 1991. Degradação ambiental em áreas de preservação Parque A. Thomas Londrina PR. Monografia, não publicada, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, 129p.

PEDRO, W.A. 1992. Estrutura de uma taxocenose de morcegos da reserva do Panga (Uberlândia, MG), com ênfase nas relações tróficas em Phyllostomidae (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Dissertação de Mestrado, não publicada, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 110p.

PIANKA, E.R. 1973. The structure of lizard communities. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 4: 53-74.

PIJL, L. VAN DER. 1957. The dispersal of plants by bats (Chiropterocory). Acta Bot. Neerl. 6: 291-315.

REIS, N.R. 1981. Estudo ecológico dos quirópteros de matas primárias e capoeiras da região de Manaus, Amazonas. Tese de Doutorado, não publicada, Fundação Universidade do Amazonas e Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, 220p.

______. 1984. Estrutura de comunidade de morcegos na região de Manaus, Amazonas. Rev. bras. Biol. 44: 247-254.

REIS, N.R.; A.L. PERACCHI & M.K. ONUKI. (no prelo). Quirópteros da região de Londrina, Estado do Paraná, Brasil (Mammalia, Chiroptera). Revta bras. Zool.

RIDLEY, H.N. 1930. The dispersal of plants throughout the world. Ashford, England, L. Reeve and Co., 744p.

SOARES-SILVA, L.H. 1990. Fitosociologia arbórea da porção norte do Parque Estadual Mata dos Godoy, Londrina, PR. Dissertação de Mestrado, não publicada, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, 196p.

TAMSITT, J.R. 1967. Niche and species diversity in neotropical bats. Nature 13: 784-786.

TRAJANO, J.R. 1967. Ecologia de populações de morcegos cavernícolas em uma região carstica do sudeste do Brasil. Revta bras. Zool. 2: 255-320.

VARELA-GARCIA, M.; E.M. VERSUTE & V.A. TADDEI. 1989. A survey of citogenetic data on Brazilian bats. Rev. bras. Genet. 12: 761-793.

VIEIRA, C.C. 1942. Ensaio monográfico sobre os quirópteros do Brasil. Arq. Zool. S. Paulo 3 (8): 471p.

VIZOTTO, L.D. & V.A. TADDEI. 1973. Chave para determinação de quirópteros brasileiros. Bol. Ci. Fac. Filos. Ci. Let. S. José Rio Preto 1:1-72.

WALKER, E.P. 1964. Mammals of the world. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Press, XLVIII + 644P.

WILLIG, M.R. 1986. Bat community structure in South America: A tenacious chimera. Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat. 59:151-168.

Recebido em 17.VI.1992; aceito em 01.X.1993.

BONACCORSO, F.J. 1979. Foraging and reproductive ecology in a Panamanian bat community. Bull. Flo. State Mus. Biol. Sci. 24: 359-408.
CHARLES-DOMINIQUE, P. 1986. Inter-relations between frugivorous vertebrates and pioner plants: Cecropia, birds and bats in French Guyana, p. 119-134. In: A. ESTRADA & T.H. FLEMING (eds) Frugivores and seed dispersal. Dordrecht, W. Junk Publishers, 398p.
FLEMING, T.H. 1986. Opportunism versus specialization: the evolution of feeding strategies in frugivorous bats, p. 105-118. In: A. ESTRADA & T.H. FLEMING (eds) Frugivores and seed dispersal. Dordrecht, W. Junk Publishers, 398p.
______. 1991. The relationship between body size, diet, and habitat use in frugivorous bats, genus Carollia (Phyllostomidae). J. Mammal. 74 (3): 493-501.
FLEMING, T.H.; E.T. HOOPER & D.E. WILSON. 1972. Three Central Americian bat comunities: structure, reproductive cycles and movement patterns. Ecology 53: 555-569.
FLEMING, T.H.; E.R. HEITHAUS & W.R. SAWYER. 1977. An experimental analysis of the food location behavior of frugivorous bats. Ecology 58: 619-927.
FLEMING, T.H. & E.R. HEITHAUS. 1981. Frugivorous bats, seed shadows, and the structure of tropical forests. Biotropica (reprod. Bot. Suppl.) 13: 45-53.
GOODWIN, G.G. & A.M. GREENHALL. 1961. A review of the bats of Trinidad and Tobago. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. His. 122 (3): 187-302.
GREENHALL, A.M. & J.L. PARADISO. 1968. Bats and bat banding. Washington, Boreau on Sport Fisheries Wildl, 47p.
HANDLEY, C.D. JR. 1967. Bats of the canopy of an Amazonian forest. Atas Simpósio Biota Amazônica (Zoologia) 5: 211-215.
HEITHAUS, E.R.; T.H. FLEMING & P.A. OPLER. 1975. Foraging patterns and resource utilization in seven species of bats in seasonal tropical forest. Ecology 56:841-854.
HOWELL, D.J. & D. BURCH. 1974. Food habits of some Costa Rican bats. Rev. Biol. Trop. 21 (2): 281-294.
HUBER, J. 1910. Matas e madeiras amazônicas. Bol. Mus. Goeldi 6: 91-225.
HUMPHREY, S.R. & F.J. BONACCORSO. 1979. Population and community ecology, p. 409-441. In: R.J. BAKER, J.K. JONES JR. & D.C. CARTER (eds). Biology of bats the New World family Phyllostomidae. Part III. Spec. Pub. Mus. Texas Tech. Univ. 16: 1-441.
HUSSON, A.M. 1962. The bats of Suriname. Leiden, E.J. Brill, 282p.
JONES, J.K. & D.C. CARTER. 1976. Annoted checklist with keys to subfamilies and genera, p. 7-38. In: R.J. BAKER; J.K. JONES JR. & D.C. CARTER (eds) Biology of bats the New World family Phyllostomidae. Part I. Spec. Publ. Mus. Texas Tech. Univ. 10:1-218.
LAVAL, R.K. 1970. Banding retturns and activity periods of some Costa Rican bats. South. Nat. 15 (1): 1-10.
MARINHO-FILHO, J.S. 1991. The coexistence of two frugivorous bat species and the phenology of their food plants in Brazil. J. Trop. Ecol. 7: 59-67.
MARINHO-FILHO, J.S. & I. SAZIMA. 1989. Activity patterns of six phyllostomid bat species in Southeastern Brazil. Rev. bras. Biol. 49: 777-782.
MCNAB, B.K. 1971. The structure of tropical bat faunas. Ecology 52: 351-358.
MORRISON, D.W. 1978. Lunar phobia in a neotropical fruit bat Artibeus jamaicensis. Anim. Behav. 26 (3): 852-855.
ODUM, E.P. 1983. Basic Ecology. CBS College Publishing, 434p.
ORNELAS, M.E. 1991. Degradação ambiental em áreas de preservação Parque A. Thomas Londrina PR. Monografia, não publicada, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, 129p.
PEDRO, W.A. 1992. Estrutura de uma taxocenose de morcegos da reserva do Panga (Uberlândia, MG), com ênfase nas relações tróficas em Phyllostomidae (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Dissertação de Mestrado, não publicada, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 110p.
PIANKA, E.R. 1973. The structure of lizard communities. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 4: 53-74.
PIJL, L. VAN DER. 1957. The dispersal of plants by bats (Chiropterocory). Acta Bot. Neerl. 6: 291-315.
REIS, N.R. 1981. Estudo ecológico dos quirópteros de matas primárias e capoeiras da região de Manaus, Amazonas. Tese de Doutorado, não publicada, Fundação Universidade do Amazonas e Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, 220p.
______. 1984. Estrutura de comunidade de morcegos na região de Manaus, Amazonas. Rev. bras. Biol. 44: 247-254.
REIS, N.R.; A.L. PERACCHI & M.K. ONUKI. (no prelo). Quirópteros da região de Londrina, Estado do Paraná, Brasil (Mammalia, Chiroptera). Revta bras. Zool.
RIDLEY, H.N. 1930. The dispersal of plants throughout the world Ashford, England, L. Reeve and Co., 744p.
SOARES-SILVA, L.H. 1990. Fitosociologia arbórea da porção norte do Parque Estadual Mata dos Godoy, Londrina, PR. Dissertação de Mestrado, não publicada, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, 196p.
TAMSITT, J.R. 1967. Niche and species diversity in neotropical bats. Nature 13: 784-786.
TRAJANO, J.R. 1967. Ecologia de populações de morcegos cavernícolas em uma região carstica do sudeste do Brasil. Revta bras. Zool. 2: 255-320.
VARELA-GARCIA, M.; E.M. VERSUTE & V.A. TADDEI. 1989. A survey of citogenetic data on Brazilian bats. Rev. bras. Genet. 12: 761-793.
VIEIRA, C.C. 1942. Ensaio monográfico sobre os quirópteros do Brasil. Arq. Zool. S. Paulo 3 (8): 471p.
VIZOTTO, L.D. & V.A. TADDEI. 1973. Chave para determinação de quirópteros brasileiros. Bol. Ci. Fac. Filos. Ci. Let. S. José Rio Preto 1:1-72.
WALKER, E.P. 1964. Mammals of the world. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Press, XLVIII + 644P.
WILLIG, M.R. 1986. Bat community structure in South America: A tenacious chimera. Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat. 59:151-168.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
06 Ago 2009
Data do Fascículo
1992

Histórico

Recebido
17 Jun 1992
Aceito
01 Out 1993

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] BONACCORSO, F.J. 1979. Foraging and reproductive ecology in a Panamanian bat community. Bull. Flo. State Mus. Biol. Sci. 24: 359-408.

[2] CHARLES-DOMINIQUE, P. 1986. Inter-relations between frugivorous vertebrates and pioner plants: Cecropia, birds and bats in French Guyana, p. 119-134. In: A. ESTRADA & T.H. FLEMING (eds) Frugivores and seed dispersal. Dordrecht, W. Junk Publishers, 398p.

[3] FLEMING, T.H. 1986. Opportunism versus specialization: the evolution of feeding strategies in frugivorous bats, p. 105-118. In: A. ESTRADA & T.H. FLEMING (eds) Frugivores and seed dispersal. Dordrecht, W. Junk Publishers, 398p.

[4] ______. 1991. The relationship between body size, diet, and habitat use in frugivorous bats, genus Carollia (Phyllostomidae). J. Mammal. 74 (3): 493-501.

[5] FLEMING, T.H.; E.T. HOOPER & D.E. WILSON. 1972. Three Central Americian bat comunities: structure, reproductive cycles and movement patterns. Ecology 53: 555-569.

[6] FLEMING, T.H.; E.R. HEITHAUS & W.R. SAWYER. 1977. An experimental analysis of the food location behavior of frugivorous bats. Ecology 58: 619-927.

[7] FLEMING, T.H. & E.R. HEITHAUS. 1981. Frugivorous bats, seed shadows, and the structure of tropical forests. Biotropica (reprod. Bot. Suppl.) 13: 45-53.

[8] GOODWIN, G.G. & A.M. GREENHALL. 1961. A review of the bats of Trinidad and Tobago. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. His. 122 (3): 187-302.

[9] GREENHALL, A.M. & J.L. PARADISO. 1968. Bats and bat banding. Washington, Boreau on Sport Fisheries Wildl, 47p.

[10] HANDLEY, C.D. JR. 1967. Bats of the canopy of an Amazonian forest. Atas Simpósio Biota Amazônica (Zoologia) 5: 211-215.

[11] HEITHAUS, E.R.; T.H. FLEMING & P.A. OPLER. 1975. Foraging patterns and resource utilization in seven species of bats in seasonal tropical forest. Ecology 56:841-854.

[12] HOWELL, D.J. & D. BURCH. 1974. Food habits of some Costa Rican bats. Rev. Biol. Trop. 21 (2): 281-294.

[13] HUBER, J. 1910. Matas e madeiras amazônicas. Bol. Mus. Goeldi 6: 91-225.

[14] HUMPHREY, S.R. & F.J. BONACCORSO. 1979. Population and community ecology, p. 409-441. In: R.J. BAKER, J.K. JONES JR. & D.C. CARTER (eds). Biology of bats the New World family Phyllostomidae. Part III. Spec. Pub. Mus. Texas Tech. Univ. 16: 1-441.

[15] HUSSON, A.M. 1962. The bats of Suriname. Leiden, E.J. Brill, 282p.

[16] JONES, J.K. & D.C. CARTER. 1976. Annoted checklist with keys to subfamilies and genera, p. 7-38. In: R.J. BAKER; J.K. JONES JR. & D.C. CARTER (eds) Biology of bats the New World family Phyllostomidae. Part I. Spec. Publ. Mus. Texas Tech. Univ. 10:1-218.

[17] LAVAL, R.K. 1970. Banding retturns and activity periods of some Costa Rican bats. South. Nat. 15 (1): 1-10.

[18] MARINHO-FILHO, J.S. 1991. The coexistence of two frugivorous bat species and the phenology of their food plants in Brazil. J. Trop. Ecol. 7: 59-67.

[19] MARINHO-FILHO, J.S. & I. SAZIMA. 1989. Activity patterns of six phyllostomid bat species in Southeastern Brazil. Rev. bras. Biol. 49: 777-782.

[20] MCNAB, B.K. 1971. The structure of tropical bat faunas. Ecology 52: 351-358.

[21] MORRISON, D.W. 1978. Lunar phobia in a neotropical fruit bat Artibeus jamaicensis. Anim. Behav. 26 (3): 852-855.

[22] ODUM, E.P. 1983. Basic Ecology. CBS College Publishing, 434p.

[23] ORNELAS, M.E. 1991. Degradação ambiental em áreas de preservação Parque A. Thomas Londrina PR. Monografia, não publicada, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, 129p.

[24] PEDRO, W.A. 1992. Estrutura de uma taxocenose de morcegos da reserva do Panga (Uberlândia, MG), com ênfase nas relações tróficas em Phyllostomidae (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Dissertação de Mestrado, não publicada, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 110p.

[25] PIANKA, E.R. 1973. The structure of lizard communities. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 4: 53-74.

[26] PIJL, L. VAN DER. 1957. The dispersal of plants by bats (Chiropterocory). Acta Bot. Neerl. 6: 291-315.

[27] REIS, N.R. 1981. Estudo ecológico dos quirópteros de matas primárias e capoeiras da região de Manaus, Amazonas. Tese de Doutorado, não publicada, Fundação Universidade do Amazonas e Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, 220p.

[28] ______. 1984. Estrutura de comunidade de morcegos na região de Manaus, Amazonas. Rev. bras. Biol. 44: 247-254.

[29] REIS, N.R.; A.L. PERACCHI & M.K. ONUKI. (no prelo). Quirópteros da região de Londrina, Estado do Paraná, Brasil (Mammalia, Chiroptera). Revta bras. Zool.

[30] RIDLEY, H.N. 1930. The dispersal of plants throughout the world Ashford, England, L. Reeve and Co., 744p.

[31] SOARES-SILVA, L.H. 1990. Fitosociologia arbórea da porção norte do Parque Estadual Mata dos Godoy, Londrina, PR. Dissertação de Mestrado, não publicada, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, 196p.

[32] TAMSITT, J.R. 1967. Niche and species diversity in neotropical bats. Nature 13: 784-786.

[33] TRAJANO, J.R. 1967. Ecologia de populações de morcegos cavernícolas em uma região carstica do sudeste do Brasil. Revta bras. Zool. 2: 255-320.

[34] VARELA-GARCIA, M.; E.M. VERSUTE & V.A. TADDEI. 1989. A survey of citogenetic data on Brazilian bats. Rev. bras. Genet. 12: 761-793.

[35] VIEIRA, C.C. 1942. Ensaio monográfico sobre os quirópteros do Brasil. Arq. Zool. S. Paulo 3 (8): 471p.

[36] VIZOTTO, L.D. & V.A. TADDEI. 1973. Chave para determinação de quirópteros brasileiros. Bol. Ci. Fac. Filos. Ci. Let. S. José Rio Preto 1:1-72.

[37] WALKER, E.P. 1964. Mammals of the world. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Press, XLVIII + 644P.

[38] WILLIG, M.R. 1986. Bat community structure in South America: A tenacious chimera. Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat. 59:151-168.