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Variações espaciais na assembléia de peixes no Rio Paraíba do Sul (Barra Mansa, Barra do Piraí), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Spatial variation in fish assemblage in the Paraíba do Sul River (Barra Mansa, Barra do Piraí), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Resumo

The Paraíba do Sul is a major running water system in southeastern Brazil (22º24' -22º26'S; 43º43' -44º16' W), draining one of the most important industrial regions in the country. Because of its location, it has suffered a large amount of alteration due to discharges of urban and industrial effluents with direct influence in the ichthyofauna. The aim of this study is to up-to-date information on fish assemblage structure and its variation in the vicinity of a major industrial effluent outfall at Volta Redonda industrial complex. A standardized fishing sampling program, using seines, casting nets, gill nets and net trays, was carried out from October 1997 to September 1999, at six sites in three zones of the river (upstream, nearby and downstream the industrial complex), aiming to compare variation in fish assemblage due to anthropogenic alteration. Fifty-two species in 13 families were identified in the total of 7286 fish specimens. Characidae was the most diverse family contributing with 28,85% to total number of species, followed by Cichlidae (17,31 %). Overall 15,38% of the species were introduced from other watershed systems, four exotic cichlids (genera Oreochromis Günther, 1862 and Tilapia A. Smith, 1840) and three aloctone (Cichla ocellaris Bloch & Schneider, 1801, Hyphessobricon callistus (Boulenger, 1900) e Metynnis maculatus (Kner, 1860)). Lebistes reticulatus (Peters, 1859) was the most abundant fish species contributing to 39,7% of the total number of fish, followed by Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) amounting to 27,4%. Fish abundance was higher in the industrial zone, but only a few very dominant species were captured, while the upstream zone showed the most even community. Species replacement tolerance along the alterations gradient in the three zone seems to be a strategy to use the limited resources in the area.

Rivers; fish taxocenose; pollution; ichthyofauna; fish ecology


Rivers; fish taxocenose; pollution; ichthyofauna; fish ecology

Variações espaciais na assembléia de peixes no Rio Paraíba do Sul (Barra Mansa, Barra do Piraí), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Spatial variation in fish assemblage in the Paraíba do Sul River (Barra Mansa, Barra do Piraí), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Francisco Gerson Araújo; Ilana Fichberg; Benjamin Carvalho Teixeira Pinto; Magna Galvão Peixoto

Laboratório de Ecologia de Peixes, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Antiga Rodovia Rio - São Paulo, Km 47, 23851-970 Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

ABSTRACT

The Paraíba do Sul is a major running water system in southeastern Brazil (22º24' -22º26'S; 43º43' -44º16' W), draining one of the most important industrial regions in the country. Because of its location, it has suffered a large amount of alteration due to discharges of urban and industrial effluents with direct influence in the ichthyofauna. The aim of this study is to up-to-date information on fish assemblage structure and its variation in the vicinity of a major industrial effluent outfall at Volta Redonda industrial complex. A standardized fishing sampling program, using seines, casting nets, gill nets and net trays, was carried out from October 1997 to September 1999, at six sites in three zones of the river (upstream, nearby and downstream the industrial complex), aiming to compare variation in fish assemblage due to anthropogenic alteration. Fifty-two species in 13 families were identified in the total of 7286 fish specimens. Characidae was the most diverse family contributing with 28,85% to total number of species, followed by Cichlidae (17,31 %). Overall 15,38% of the species were introduced from other watershed systems, four exotic cichlids (genera Oreochromis Günther, 1862 and Tilapia A. Smith, 1840) and three aloctone (Cichla ocellaris Bloch & Schneider, 1801, Hyphessobricon callistus (Boulenger, 1900) e Metynnis maculatus (Kner, 1860)). Lebistes reticulatus (Peters, 1859) was the most abundant fish species contributing to 39,7% of the total number of fish, followed by Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) amounting to 27,4%. Fish abundance was higher in the industrial zone, but only a few very dominant species were captured, while the upstream zone showed the most even community. Species replacement tolerance along the alterations gradient in the three zone seems to be a strategy to use the limited resources in the area.

Key words: Rivers, fish taxocenose, pollution, ichthyofauna, fish ecology

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AGRADECIMENTOS. Agradecemos ao Setor de Ictiologia do Museu Nacional, através do Dr. Paulo A. Buckup e do Mestrando Filipe Augusto G. de Melo, pelo auxílio na identificação dos Characifonnes. Agradecemos à Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional - CSN, pelo suporte financeiro, através de contrato de serviços com a Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, o que tornou possível a realização deste trabalho.

Recebido em 15.VI.2000; aceito em 23.V.2001.

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Datas de Publicação

  • Publicação nesta coleção
    04 Maio 2009
  • Data do Fascículo
    Jun 2001

Histórico

  • Aceito
    23 Maio 2001
  • Recebido
    15 Jun 2000
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