Incubação artificial dos ovos e processo de eclosão em Trachemys dorbignyi (Duméril &amp; Bibron) (Reptilia, Testudines, Emydidae)

Molina, Flavio de Barros; Gomes, Norma

doi:10.1590/S0101-81751998000100011

Resumo

Artificial incubation of 558 eggs from 70 clutches of Trachemys dorbignyi (Duméril & Bibron, 1835) were performed at São Paulo Zoo during 1992 and 1993. Hatching occurred when eggs were incubated between 25 and 31.5oC. Incubation time varied from 54 (at 31.5oC) to 120 days (at 25oC), similarly to Trachemys scripla sspp. Hatchling used the caruncle to made small incisions in the egg shell, latter enlarged by movements of the head and forefeet. Hatching usually lasted from one to two days. Newborn's carapace and plastron showed their natural form few hours after the emergence from the egg shell. During the third or fourth week, caruncle usually disappeared, and yolk sac was completely absorbed. Average (x±sd) measures of newborn were 3.55±0.18cm of carapace length, 3.35±0.17cm of plastron length, and 10.73±1.36g of weight.

Trachemys dorbignyi; Testudines; Emydidae; d'Orbigny's slider turtle; incubation; hatching process; newborn

Incubação artificial dos ovos e processo de eclosão em Trachemys dorbignyi (Duméril & Bibron) (Reptilia, Testudines, Emydidae)

Artificial egg incubation and hatching proccess in Trachemys dorbignyi (Duméril & Bibron) (Reptilia, Testudimes, Emydidae)

Flavio de Barros Molina^I; Norma Gomes^II

^ISetor de Répteis, Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo. Avenida Miguel Stefano 4241, 04301-905 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil. Bolsista do CNPq

^IIMuseu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo. Avenida Nazareth 481, 04263-000 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil

ABSTRACT

Artificial incubation of 558 eggs from 70 clutches of Trachemys dorbignyi (Duméril & Bibron, 1835) were performed at São Paulo Zoo during 1992 and 1993. Hatching occurred when eggs were incubated between 25 and 31.5oC. Incubation time varied from 54 (at 31.5oC) to 120 days (at 25oC), similarly to Trachemys scripla sspp. Hatchling used the caruncle to made small incisions in the egg shell, latter enlarged by movements of the head and forefeet. Hatching usually lasted from one to two days. Newborn's carapace and plastron showed their natural form few hours after the emergence from the egg shell. During the third or fourth week, caruncle usually disappeared, and yolk sac was completely absorbed. Average (x±sd) measures of newborn were 3.55±0.18cm of carapace length, 3.35±0.17cm of plastron length, and 10.73±1.36g of weight.

Key words:Trachemys dorbignyi, Testudines, Emydidae, d'Orbigny's slider turtle, incubation, hatching process. newborn

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AGRADECIMENTOS. Aos colegas da Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo, em especial ao seu diretor, Dr. Adayr Mafuz Saliba, e ao chefe do Setor de Répteis, Mario Borges da Rocha, pelo apoio durante a realização deste trabalho. Aos Drs. Ana Maria de Souza Oliveira, Antônio Sebben, Augusto S. Abe, Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues, Pérsio de Souza Santos Filho e Sérgio de Almeida Rodrigues, pelas discussões de assuntos ligados ao estudo dos quelônios. Ao Dr. Edward O. Moll, pelo envio de importante material bibliográfico. A três revisores anônimos, pelas sugestões feitas ao manuscrito. A Patrtícia C. Milanez, pela foto referente à figura 2 e à Gilmara Vieira de Souza, pela arte final das figuras. Ao Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), pela Bolsa de Pesquisa concedida ao autor sênior (processo 300328/95-8).

Recebido em 28.II.1997; aceito em 13.IV.1998

Bernardes, A.T.; A.B.M. Machado & A.B. Rylands. 1990. Fauna Brasileira Ameaçada de Extinção. Belo Horizonte, Fundação Biodiversitas, 62p.
Bons, J. & J.C. Bonaric. 1971. Description histologique de la "dent de 1'eclosion" ou caroncule chez Chelonia mydas (L.). Br. Jour. Herpet. 4 (8):202-206.
Cagle, F.R. 1950. The life history of the slider turtle, Pseudemys scripta troostii (Holbrook). Ecol. Monogr. 20 (1):31-54.
Congdon, J.D. & J.W. Gibbons. 1990. Turtle eggs: Their ecology and evolution, p.109-123. In: J.W. Gibbons (Ed.). Life History and Ecology of the Slider Turtle. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press, XIV+368p.
Connaughton, S.W. & F.L. Paine. 1989. Captative management and reproduction in the Venezuelan slider turtle Pseudemys scripta chichiriviche a new subspecies. Int. Zoo. Yb. 28:62-65.
Ernst, C.H. 1970. Reproduction in Clemmys guttata. Herpetologica 26 (2):228-232.
______. 1971. Observations on the egg and hatchling of the American turtle, Chrysemys picta. Br. Jour. Herpet. 4 (9):224-228.
Ernst, C.H. & R.W. Barbour. 1989. Turtles of the World. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press, XII+313p.
Ernst, C.H.; J.E. Lovich & R.W. Barbour. 1994. Turtles of the United States and Canada. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press, XXXVIII+578p.
Ewert, M.A. 1979. The embryo and its egg: development and natural history, p.333-413. In: M. Harless & H. Morlock (Eds). Turtles: Perspectives and Research. New York, John Wiley and Sons, XIV+695p.
______. 1985. Embriology of turtles, p.75-268. In: C. gans; F. Billett & P.F.A. Maderson (Eds). Biology of the Reptilia. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Vol. 14A, XII+763p.
Freiberg, M.A. 1969. Una nueva subespecie de Pseudemys dorbignyi (Duméril et Bibron) (Reptilia, Chelonia, Emydidae). Physis 28 (77):299-314.
Gibbons, J.W. & D.H. Nelson. 1978. The evolutionary significance of delayed emergence from the nest by hatchling turtles. Evolution 32 (2):297-303.
Iucn. 1990. 1990 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animais. Cambridge, International Union for the Conservation of Nature, XXIV+192p.
Iverson, J.B. 1992. A Revised Checklist with Distribution Maps of the Turtles of the World. Indiana, Edition by the Author, XIII+363p.
Jackson, D.R. 1988. Reproductive strategies of sympatric freshwater emydid turtles in northern peninsular Florida. Bull. Fla St. Mus. biol. Sci. 33 (3):113-158.
Krause, L.; N. Gomes & K.L. Leyser. 1982. Observações sobre a nidificação e desenvolvimento de Chrysemys dorbignyi (Dumeril & Bibron, 1835) (Testudines, Emydinae) na Estação Ecológica do Taim, Rio Grande do Sul. Revta bras. Zool. 1 (1):79-90.
Medem, F. 1975. La reproducción de la "icotea" (Pseudemys scripta callirostris), (Testudines. Emydidae). Caldasia 11 (53):83-106.
Mitchell, J.C. & Pague, C.A. 1990. Body size, reproductive variation, and growth in the slider turtle at the Northeastern edge of its range, p. 146-151. In: J.W. Gibbons (Ed). Life History and Ecology of the Slider Turtle. Washington, Smithsonian Institution Press, XIV+368p.
Molina, F.B. 1996. Os quelônios e sua biologia: O tigre d'água, Trachemys dorbignyi. Chelonia (16):2.
______. 1997a. Large-scale breeding of turtles at São Paulo Zoo: Implications for turtle conservation in Brazil. In: J.V. Abbema (Ed.). Proceedings: Conservation, Restoration, and Management of Tortoises and Turtles - An International Conference. New York, The New York Turtle and TortoiseSociety, in press.
______. 1997b. Incubação dos ovos de Trachemys dorbignyi no Zoológico de São Paulo. Chelonia (19), no prelo.
Molina, F.B.; E.C Farias & N. Gomes. 1996. A case of twinning in the d'Orbigny's slider, Trachemys dorbignyi (Testudines, Emydidae). Bull. Chicago Herp. Soc. 31 (8):45-146.
Molina, F.B. & N. Gomes. 1997. Breeding and nesting behavior of the d'Orbigny's slider turtle, Trachemys dorbignyi, at São Paulo Zoo. Int. Zoo Yb 36, in press.
Moll, E.O. 1980. Natural history of the river terrapin, Batagur baska (Gray) in Malaysia (Testudines: Emydidae). Malaysian Jour. Sci. 6 (A):23-62.
Moll, E.O. & J.M. Legler. 1971. The life history of a neotropical slider turtle, Pseudemys scripta (Schoepff), in Panamá. Bull. Los Angeles Co. Mus. nat. Hist. Sci. (11):1-102.
Shealy, R.M. 1976. The natural history of the Alabama map turtle, Graptemys pulchra Baur, in Alabama. Bull. Fla St. Mus. biol. Sci. 21 (2):47-111.
Verdade, L.M.; F. Michelotti; M.C. Rangel; L. Cullen Jr.; M.M. Ernandes & A. Lavorenti. 1992. Manejo dos ovos de jacaré-de-papo-amarelo (Caiman latirostris) no CIZBAS/ESALQ/USP, p.92-99. In: L.M. Verdade & A. Lavorenti (Eds). Anais do 2o Workshop sobre Conservação e Manejo do Jacaré-de-papo-amarelo (Caiman latirostris). Piracicaba, ESALQ/USP, 111p.
Vogt, R.C. 1980. Natural history of the map turtles Graptemys pseudogeographica and G. ouachitensis in Wisconsin. Tulane Stud. Zool. Bot. 22 (1):17-48.
______. 1990. Reproductive parameters of Trachemys scripta venusta in southern Mexico, p. 162-168. In: J.W. Gibbons (Ed.). Life History and Ecology of the Slider Turtle. Washington, Smithsonian Institution Press, XIV+368p.
Wahlquist, H. & G.W. Folkerts. 1973. Eggs and hatchlings of Barbour's map turtle, Graptemys barbouri Carr and Marchand. Herpetologica 29 (3):236-237.
Webb, R.G. 1961. Observations on the life histories of turtles (genus Pseudemys and Graptemys) in lake Texoma, Oklahoma. Am. Midi. Nat. 65 (1):193-214.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
10 Jul 2009
Data do Fascículo
1998

Histórico

Recebido
28 Fev 1997
Aceito
13 Abr 1998

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] Bernardes, A.T.; A.B.M. Machado & A.B. Rylands. 1990. Fauna Brasileira Ameaçada de Extinção. Belo Horizonte, Fundação Biodiversitas, 62p.

[2] Bons, J. & J.C. Bonaric. 1971. Description histologique de la "dent de 1'eclosion" ou caroncule chez Chelonia mydas (L.). Br. Jour. Herpet. 4 (8):202-206.

[3] Cagle, F.R. 1950. The life history of the slider turtle, Pseudemys scripta troostii (Holbrook). Ecol. Monogr. 20 (1):31-54.

[4] Congdon, J.D. & J.W. Gibbons. 1990. Turtle eggs: Their ecology and evolution, p.109-123. In: J.W. Gibbons (Ed.). Life History and Ecology of the Slider Turtle. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press, XIV+368p.

[5] Connaughton, S.W. & F.L. Paine. 1989. Captative management and reproduction in the Venezuelan slider turtle Pseudemys scripta chichiriviche a new subspecies. Int. Zoo. Yb. 28:62-65.

[6] Ernst, C.H. 1970. Reproduction in Clemmys guttata. Herpetologica 26 (2):228-232.

[7] ______. 1971. Observations on the egg and hatchling of the American turtle, Chrysemys picta. Br. Jour. Herpet. 4 (9):224-228.

[8] Ernst, C.H. & R.W. Barbour. 1989. Turtles of the World. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press, XII+313p.

[9] Ernst, C.H.; J.E. Lovich & R.W. Barbour. 1994. Turtles of the United States and Canada. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press, XXXVIII+578p.

[10] Ewert, M.A. 1979. The embryo and its egg: development and natural history, p.333-413. In: M. Harless & H. Morlock (Eds). Turtles: Perspectives and Research. New York, John Wiley and Sons, XIV+695p.

[11] ______. 1985. Embriology of turtles, p.75-268. In: C. gans; F. Billett & P.F.A. Maderson (Eds). Biology of the Reptilia. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Vol. 14A, XII+763p.

[12] Freiberg, M.A. 1969. Una nueva subespecie de Pseudemys dorbignyi (Duméril et Bibron) (Reptilia, Chelonia, Emydidae). Physis 28 (77):299-314.

[13] Gibbons, J.W. & D.H. Nelson. 1978. The evolutionary significance of delayed emergence from the nest by hatchling turtles. Evolution 32 (2):297-303.

[14] Iucn. 1990. 1990 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animais. Cambridge, International Union for the Conservation of Nature, XXIV+192p.

[15] Iverson, J.B. 1992. A Revised Checklist with Distribution Maps of the Turtles of the World. Indiana, Edition by the Author, XIII+363p.

[16] Jackson, D.R. 1988. Reproductive strategies of sympatric freshwater emydid turtles in northern peninsular Florida. Bull. Fla St. Mus. biol. Sci. 33 (3):113-158.

[17] Krause, L.; N. Gomes & K.L. Leyser. 1982. Observações sobre a nidificação e desenvolvimento de Chrysemys dorbignyi (Dumeril & Bibron, 1835) (Testudines, Emydinae) na Estação Ecológica do Taim, Rio Grande do Sul. Revta bras. Zool. 1 (1):79-90.

[18] Medem, F. 1975. La reproducción de la "icotea" (Pseudemys scripta callirostris), (Testudines. Emydidae). Caldasia 11 (53):83-106.

[19] Mitchell, J.C. & Pague, C.A. 1990. Body size, reproductive variation, and growth in the slider turtle at the Northeastern edge of its range, p. 146-151. In: J.W. Gibbons (Ed). Life History and Ecology of the Slider Turtle. Washington, Smithsonian Institution Press, XIV+368p.

[20] Molina, F.B. 1996. Os quelônios e sua biologia: O tigre d'água, Trachemys dorbignyi. Chelonia (16):2.

[21] ______. 1997a. Large-scale breeding of turtles at São Paulo Zoo: Implications for turtle conservation in Brazil. In: J.V. Abbema (Ed.). Proceedings: Conservation, Restoration, and Management of Tortoises and Turtles - An International Conference. New York, The New York Turtle and TortoiseSociety, in press.

[22] ______. 1997b. Incubação dos ovos de Trachemys dorbignyi no Zoológico de São Paulo. Chelonia (19), no prelo.

[23] Molina, F.B.; E.C Farias & N. Gomes. 1996. A case of twinning in the d'Orbigny's slider, Trachemys dorbignyi (Testudines, Emydidae). Bull. Chicago Herp. Soc. 31 (8):45-146.

[24] Molina, F.B. & N. Gomes. 1997. Breeding and nesting behavior of the d'Orbigny's slider turtle, Trachemys dorbignyi, at São Paulo Zoo. Int. Zoo Yb 36, in press.

[25] Moll, E.O. 1980. Natural history of the river terrapin, Batagur baska (Gray) in Malaysia (Testudines: Emydidae). Malaysian Jour. Sci. 6 (A):23-62.

[26] Moll, E.O. & J.M. Legler. 1971. The life history of a neotropical slider turtle, Pseudemys scripta (Schoepff), in Panamá. Bull. Los Angeles Co. Mus. nat. Hist. Sci. (11):1-102.

[27] Shealy, R.M. 1976. The natural history of the Alabama map turtle, Graptemys pulchra Baur, in Alabama. Bull. Fla St. Mus. biol. Sci. 21 (2):47-111.

[28] Verdade, L.M.; F. Michelotti; M.C. Rangel; L. Cullen Jr.; M.M. Ernandes & A. Lavorenti. 1992. Manejo dos ovos de jacaré-de-papo-amarelo (Caiman latirostris) no CIZBAS/ESALQ/USP, p.92-99. In: L.M. Verdade & A. Lavorenti (Eds). Anais do 2o Workshop sobre Conservação e Manejo do Jacaré-de-papo-amarelo (Caiman latirostris). Piracicaba, ESALQ/USP, 111p.

[29] Vogt, R.C. 1980. Natural history of the map turtles Graptemys pseudogeographica and G. ouachitensis in Wisconsin. Tulane Stud. Zool. Bot. 22 (1):17-48.

[30] ______. 1990. Reproductive parameters of Trachemys scripta venusta in southern Mexico, p. 162-168. In: J.W. Gibbons (Ed.). Life History and Ecology of the Slider Turtle. Washington, Smithsonian Institution Press, XIV+368p.

[31] Wahlquist, H. & G.W. Folkerts. 1973. Eggs and hatchlings of Barbour's map turtle, Graptemys barbouri Carr and Marchand. Herpetologica 29 (3):236-237.

[32] Webb, R.G. 1961. Observations on the life histories of turtles (genus Pseudemys and Graptemys) in lake Texoma, Oklahoma. Am. Midi. Nat. 65 (1):193-214.

Brasil

Brasil

Incubação artificial dos ovos e processo de eclosão em Trachemys dorbignyi (Duméril & Bibron) (Reptilia, Testudines, Emydidae)

Artificial egg incubation and hatching proccess in Trachemys dorbignyi (Duméril & Bibron) (Reptilia, Testudimes, Emydidae)

Resumo

Datas de Publicação

Histórico