REHABILITATION EFFECT OF TENNIS ON PATIENTS WITH ELBOW JOINT INJURY

EFEITO REABILITADOR DO TÊNIS EM PACIENTES COM LESÕES NA ARTICULAÇÃO DO JOELHO

EFECTO REHABILITADOR DEL TENIS EN PACIENTES CON LESIONES EN LA ARTICULACIÓN DE LA RODILLA

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Knee joint injuries are common, and their pathogenesis is complex.

Objective:

To study the rehabilitation effect of tennis on patients with joint injury.

Methods:

We use literature, a questionnaire, and other research methods to investigate the joint injuries of 126 athletes who participated in the 19th University Tennis Championships in 2014. We use sports anatomy knowledge combined with tennis special techniques for analysis.

Results:

The rehabilitation group was better than the control group (p<0.01) in curative effect, duration of the knee pain, time until ligament reconstruction happened, knee joint movement range, knee joint movement pain degree, lower limb walking function score, and self-care ability. There was no statistical difference in accidental injuries between the two groups (p>0.05).

Conclusions:

When compared to conventional methods, the rehabilitation program was effective in treating knee joint sports injuries. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

Keywords:
Tennis; Athletic Injuries; Rehabilitation

RESUMO

Introdução:

Lesões na articulação do joelho são comuns, e sua patogênese, complexa.

Objetivo:

Estudar o efeito reabilitador do tênis em pacientes com lesões na articulação.

Método:

Esta pesquisa utiliza revisão bibliográfica, questionário, e outros métodos para investigar lesões nas articulações de 126 atletas que participaram do 19º Campeonato de Tênis Universitário em 2014. Utilizamos conhecimentos de anatomia aplicada ao esporte combinados com técnicas especiais do tênis para as análises.

Resultados:

Os resultados do grupo que passou pela reabilitação foram superiores (p<0,01) em efeito curativo, duração da dor no joelho, tempo até a reconstrução do ligamento do joelho, amplitude de movimento na articulação do joelho, nível de dor ao movimentar a articulação do joelho, score da função de marcha, e em sua habilidade para o autocuidado. Não houve diferença estatística no que diz respeito a ferimentos acidentais entre os dois grupos (p>0,05).

Conclusão:

O programa de reabilitação foi mais eficiente no tratamento de lesões da articulação do joelho causadas durante a prática de esportes. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos – investigação de resultados de tratamento.

Descritores:
Tênis; Traumatismos em Atletas; Reabilitação

RESUMEN

Introducción:

La lesiones en la articulación de la rodilla son comunes y su patogénesis es compleja.

Objetivo:

Estudiar el efecto rehabilitador del deporte tenis en pacientes con lesiones en la articulación.

Método:

Esta investigación utiliza revisión bibliográfica, cuestionario y otros métodos para investigar lesiones en las articulaciones de 126 atletas que participaron en el 19º Campeonato de Tenis Universitario en 2014. Utilizamos conocimientos de anatomía aplicada al deporte combinados con técnicas especiales del tenis para los análisis.

Resultados:

Los resultados del grupo que pasó por la rehabilitación fueron superiores (p<0,01) en efecto curativo, duración del dolor en la rodilla, tiempo hasta la reconstrucción del ligamento de la rodilla, amplitud del movimiento en la articulación de la rodilla, nivel de dolor al mover la articulación de la rodilla, score de la función de marcha y en su habilidad para autocuidado. No hubo diferencia estadística en lo que respecta a las heridas accidentales entre los dos grupos (p>0,05).

Conclusión:

El programa de rehabilitación fue más eficiente en el tratamiento de lesiones de la articulación de la rodilla causadas durante la práctica de deportes. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos – investigación de resultados de tratamiento.

Descriptores:
Tenis; Traumatismos en Atletas; Rehabilitación

INTRODUCTION

In recent years, tennis has been loved by more and more people with its unique charm of elegance, fitness and entertainment. At present, most colleges and universities across the country have opened tennis courses, which are deeply loved by college students, and the number of applicants for tennis is gradually increasing. Because tennis is a net-separated antagonistic event, it has specific technical requirements and a large amount of exercise, put forward higher requirements for the physical fitness of the practitioners.¹ As a tennis class of the physical education department, the students devote more energy and time to the teaching and training of tennis, at the same time, sports injuries appearing in the practice of tennis are more common. The article surveys and counts the injuries of the shoulder joints of students in the sports major tennis course, analyze the causes of shoulder joint injuries in the tennis class, and propose relevant treatment and preventive measures, to provide a basis for the teaching of tennis specialized classes in the future to minimize the occurrence of sports injuries, enable students to participate in learning and training normally.²–³ Knee joint tissue is the largest joint tissue in the human body, which can help maintain power, connect the calf, and support the movement of the calf.⁴ It is a double joint structure composed of femur, tibia and patella, which is easily damaged by sports, among them, meniscus and ligament injuries are the most common, and these injuries affect the functional activities of the knee joint. In order to restore knee joint function as soon as possible after injury, patients should be treated with early rehabilitation. Due to lack of attention to rehabilitation, some patients fail to receive rehabilitation as soon as possible, resulting in permanent dysfunction and even disability.⁵ To learn more about the importance of rehabilitation for athletes with knee injuries, to help injured athletes recover as soon as possible and get rid of injury problems, the clinical application effect of rehabilitation treatment on knee sports injuries was observed.⁶

METHOD

Materials and methods

Include 80 patients with knee sports injuries who attended the outpatient clinic of our school’s injury center from January to December, they were randomly divided into a control group and a rehabilitation group, with 40 cases in each group. In the control group, there were 34 males and 6 females; they were 21 to 53 years old, with an average of (32.91±5.56) years old; Body weight is 44∼85 kg, with an average of (62.56±2.52) kg; 8 cases with hyperlipidemia; Knee joint sports injury time is 1∼37 h, with an average of (12.45±1.11) h; There were 10 cases of left knee joint sports injury and 30 cases of right knee joint sports injury. There were 33 males and 7 females in the rehabilitation group; 21∼52 years old, average (32.78±5.52) years old; Body mass is 44∼84 kg, with an average of (62.87±2.01) kg; 7 cases with hyperlipidemia; Knee joint sports injury time is 1∼36 h, with an average of (12.31±1.02) h; There were 11 cases of left knee joint sports injury and 29 cases of right knee joint sports injury. There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, body mass, comorbidities, and knee sports injury time between the two groups (P>0.05), and they were comparable.

The control group was treated with conventional methods, mainly as follows: (1) Rest as much as possible when in pain, do joint activities within the painless range without weight bearing, and avoid strong flexion and extension exercises against resistance; (2) Avoid squatting, try to minimize climbing stairs or climbing to protect the knee joints; (3) Keep cold and warm, try to avoid the stimulation of air conditioning and cool breeze; (4) Hot compress with a hot water bottle; (5) Wear a knee pad, and wear a knee pad when exercising or in pain. The treatment time is 1 month.

Statistical methods

Use SPSS20.0 statistical software for statistical processing. Measurement data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, using t test; X2 test is used for count data; rank sum test is used for ordinal classification data. P<0.05 indicates that the difference is statistically significant.⁷

RESULTS

The difference in curative effect between the control group and the rehabilitation group was statistically significant (P<0.01), the curative effect of the rehabilitation group was better than that of the control group. See Table 1 for details.

Table 1
Comparison of curative effect between control group and rehabilitation group.

Group	excellence	improve	of no avai
The control group	40	10(25.0)	19(47.5)
Rehabilitation group	40	25(62.5)	14(35.0)

Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the range of knee joint activity, knee joint pain degree, lower limb walking function score, and self-care ability between the control group and the rehabilitation group (P>0.05), after treatment, the range of motion of the knee joint in the rehabilitation group increased, the pain degree of the knee joint motion decreased, and the walking function of the lower limbs was enhanced, self-care ability becomes stronger, compared with the control group after treatment, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). See Table 2. The time of knee sports injury pain disappeared and the time required for knee sports injury ligament reconstruction in the rehabilitation group were shorter than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). See Table 3 and Figure 1 for details. There was no accidental injury in either group.

Table 2
The range of motion of the knee joint before and after treatment, the pain degree of knee joint motion, the score of lower limb walking function.

Group	Range of knee motion /°	Knee movement pain degree/min	Lower limb walking function score/point
The control group
Before the treatment	12.17±2.92	6.24±1.52	12.13±1.22
After treatment	45.24±3.66	2.68±0.56	19.24±1.42
Rehabilitation group
Before the treatment	12.13±2.96	6.25±1.56	12.13±1.21
After treatment	78.51±13.21a	1.24±0.23a	27.21±1.43a

Table 3
Comparison of the pain disappearance time and the time of knee sports injury ligament reconstruction in the two groups.

Group	Knee joint sports injury pain disappear time /d	Reconstruction time of knee ligament after sports injury /d
The control group	12.42±2.21	24.21±5.51
Rehabilitation group	9.11±1.45	17.13±2.24

Figure 1
Comparison of recovery between the control group and the rehabilitation group.

DISCUSSION

Injuries at the knee joint of tennis are more common in different genders and different age groups, there are many types of diseases, and chronic injuries are the main ones, and the degree of injury is still unclear.⁸ The incidence and prevalence of injuries have not reached consistent results, and the information system for injuries needs to be further improved. Although there have been reports about the use of dynamic models to analyze the working mechanism of muscles, however, there are still few reports on the application of this model to tennis injuries. The finite element model has been widely used in the medical field, but its application in the sports field is still rare.⁹

Due to long-term high-intensity training, many athletes have suffered varying degrees of damage to their knee joints. How to avoid sports injuries and how to carry out rehabilitation training for athletes with sports injuries to improve limb function and relieve knee joint pain is very important. Through the implementation of rehabilitation treatment, physical therapy massage and functional training can be started, which can help improve the joint movement function of athletes and also help the recovery of sports injuries.¹⁰ Rehabilitation treatment is a scientific treatment method that has emerged in recent years, it can reduce the risk of injury and can also accelerate the recovery of injured athletes, it is professional and efficient.¹¹

The control group was treated with conventional treatment methods, and the rehabilitation group was treated with conventional methods, followed by rehabilitation treatments such as physiotherapy massage and functional training, the results showed: Compared with the control group, the curative effect of the rehabilitation group is significantly improved, the range of motion of the knee joint is increased, the pain degree of the knee joint motion is reduced, the walking function of the lower limbs is improved, and the self-care ability of life is improved, there was a statistically significant difference between the time for knee sports injury pain to disappear and the time for knee sports injury ligament reconstruction to shorten (P<0.01). There were no accidental injuries in the two groups. It can be seen that the knee joint is treated by rehabilitation physiotherapy methods such as ultrashort wave and electrical stimulation, and the knee joint is gently massaged, it can improve the blood circulation around the knee joint and accelerate the reconstruction of damaged tissues, thereby increasing the functional recovery of the knee joint. In addition, through active functional exercise of the knee joint, for example, training to increase the strength of the quadriceps, actively stretching the knee joint, increasing the angle of movement of the knee joint, balance training, etc., can enhance the protective effect of the muscles, increase the stability of the knee joint, and avoid re-injury.

CONCLUSION

Rehabilitation treatment of the knee joint speeds up the recovery of knee joint injuries and can also prevent further injuries. Rehabilitation treatment after knee joint injury can use physical therapy to improve local tissue circulation, reduce inflammation, reduce swelling and relieve pain. Appropriate electrical stimulation can also promote tissue repair and regeneration. Early gradual rehabilitation after injury can prevent joint adhesion, strengthen muscle strength, and restore motor function. However, it should be noted that when selecting the functional training mode, the treatment course and intensity should be determined according to the actual situation and the degree of injury of the patient. Do not use it blindly and avoid rushing for success.

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Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  28 Feb 2022
• Date of issue
  May-Jun 2022

History

• Received
  03 Nov 2021
• Accepted
  23 Nov 2021