Growth and nutrition of peanut crop subjected to saline stress and organomineral fertilization¹

Crescimento e nutrição da cultura do amendoim submetida ao estresse salino e adubação organomineral

HIGHLIGHTS:

Irrigation of peanut with 5.0 dS m^-1 water limited plant growth and the number of leaves.

Fertilization with 100% mineral and 100% bovine biofertilizer attenuated saline stress for foliar N and Ca concentrations.

Using 1.0 dS m^-1 water and 100% mineral fertilization increased the foliar concentrations of K, P and Mg.

ABSTRACT

The peanut crop, owing to its microbiological and nutritional aspects, is of great economic importance for agriculture and the food industry. However, salt stress can negatively affect nutrient uptake and plant growth. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and foliar nutrient concentrations of peanut plants subjected to irrigation with saline water and different forms of organomineral fertilization. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design (5 × 2 factorial scheme) with five forms of fertilization (F1 = 100% mineral; F2 = 100% bovine biofertilizer; F3 = 100% vegetal ash; F4 = 50% mineral + 50% bovine biofertilizer; and F5 = 50% mineral + 50% vegetal ash), two levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (EC_w) (1.0 and 5.0 dS m^-1), and five replicates. Salt stress inhibited plant growth and the number of leaves, but increased the average stem diameter with the use of 100% bovine biofertilizer and higher salinity water. When EC_w of 5.0 dS m^-1 was used along with the bovine biofertilizer (100%), the P concentration in plants increased. The K concentration was reduced in plants fertilized with bovine biofertilizer (100%) and vegetal ash (100%), while Mg concertation was reduced in plants fertilized with bovine biofertilizer (100%) or mineral fertilizer (50%) + bovine biofertilizer (50%) with irrigation water of 5.0 dS m^-1.

Key words:
Arachis hypogaea L.; salinity; plant nutrition