The use of multiple sources of information in public policy: the Brazilian federal bureaucracy

Koga, Natália Massaco; Palotti, Pedro Lucas de Moura; Couto, Bruno Gontyjo do; Lins, Rafael da Silva; Nascimento, Maricilene Isaira Baia do

doi:10.1590/0034-761220200871

Natália Massaco Koga

Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada / Diretoria de Estudos e Políticas do Estado, das Instituições e da Democracia, Brasília / DF - Brazil

Escola Nacional de Administração Pública, Brasília / DF - Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-8373

Pedro Lucas de Moura Palotti

Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada / Diretoria de Estudos e Políticas do Estado, das Instituições e da Democracia, Brasília / DF - Brazil

Escola Nacional de Administração Pública, Brasília / DF - Brazil

Instituto Brasileiro de Ensino, Desenvolvimento e Pesquisa, Brasília / DF - Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9071-9726

Bruno Gontyjo do Couto

Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada / Diretoria de Estudos e Políticas do Estado, das Instituições e da Democracia, Brasília / DF - Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0339-6875

Rafael da Silva Lins

Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada / Diretoria de Estudos e Políticas do Estado, das Instituições e da Democracia, Brasília / DF - Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4895-3279

Maricilene Isaira Baia do Nascimento

Universidade de Brasília / Instituto de Ciência Política, Brasília / DF - Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2932-5135

Natália Massaco Koga - Ph.D. in Political Science from the University of Westminster; Specialist in Public Policy and Governmental Management at the Applied Economic Research Institute (IPEA); Professor for the Professional Master’s Program in Government and Development at the National School of Public Administration (Enap). E-mail: natalia.koga@ipea.gov.br

Pedro Lucas de Moura Palotti - Ph.D. in Political Science from the University of Brasília (UnB); Specialist in Public Policy and Governmental Management at the Applied Economic Research Institute (IPEA); Professor for the Professional Master’s Program in Public Administration at the Brazilian Institute of Civil Law (IDP); Professor for the Professional Master’s Program in Government and Development at the National School of Public Administration (Enap). E-mail: pedro.palotti@ipea.gov.br

Bruno Gontyjo do Couto - Ph.D. in Sociology from the University of Brasilia (UnB); Ph.D. Student at the Applied Economics Research Institute (IPEA). E-mail: brunogcouto@gmail.com

Rafael da Silva Lins - Master’s Student at the University of Brasília (UnB); Ph.D. Student at the Applied Economics Research Institute (IPEA). E-mail: rafaeldslins@gmail.com

Maricilene Isaira Baia do Nascimento - Ph.D. Student in Political Science at the University of Brasilia (UnB) Institute of Political Science; Senior Academic Analyst in the Graduate Law Program at the Brazilian Institute of Teaching, Research and Development (IDP). E-mail: maricilene.baia@idp.edu.br

Government Area	Ministry/Superior Government Body	N	% Valid
Central	Ministry of Foreign Relations	103	4.8%
	Ministry of Justice and Public Safety	95	4.4%
	Ministry of Defense	84	3.9%
	General Secretariat of the President	20	0.9%
	Cabinet of the President	19	0.9%
	Institutional Security Cabinet of the President	13	0.6%
	President’s Administration Secretariat	06	0.3%
	President’s Personal Cabinet	05	0.2%
Control	Comptroller General of the Union	129	6%
Control	Attorney General of the Union	19	0,9%
Economics	Ministry of Economics	513	23.7%
	Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply	168	7.8%
	Ministry of Tourism	29	1.3%
Infrastructure	Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communications	197	9.1%
	Ministry of Regional Development	98	4.5%
	Ministry of Infrastructure	75	3.5%
	Ministry of Mines and Energy	60	2.8%
Environment	Ministry of the Environment	108	5%
Social	Ministry of Citizenship	203	9.4%
	Ministry of Health	105	4.8%
	Ministry of Education	99	4.6%
	Ministry of Women, the Family and Human Rights	19	0.9%

Function/Activity	Analytical/Control	Relational	Managing/Supervising Contracts	Administrative
Elaborating reports and technical notes	0.733
Collecting and analyzing public policy data	0.679	0.360
Elaborating normative texts (ex. bills)	0.535	0.370
Meeting governmental body demands	0.435		0.378	0.407
Providing superiors with advice	0.536	0.363		0.426
Commissioning and validating public policy evaluation studies	0.397	0.537	0.330
Raising and negotiating financial resources		0.726	0.331
Representing their governmental body in meetings	0.458	0.600		0.323
Consulting and meeting the demands of society	0.467	0.490
Organizing events		0.653		0.441
Managing team	0.307	0.339		0.354
Elaborating, generating and supervising contracts		0.313	0.727
Supervising compliance with public policy norms	0.415		0.467
Performing administrative activities				0.528
KMO: 0.897; χ² = 10015.460; df = 91; p < 0.001
Total Explained Variance - 55.5%
SS loadings	2.672	2.497	1.322	1.281

Type of information	Internal	External	Scientific	Experiential
Laws and norms	0.793
Technical notes produced by the federal government	0.835
Legal reports and decisions	0.869
Control body recommendations	0.794
Governmental information systems and databases	0.496
Best practices and initiatives produced by states and cities	0.333	0.556
Participative recommendations		0.727	0.361
Consumer experiences and opinions		0.741
Interest group information (ex.: NGOs)		0.784
International organization recommendations		0.592	0.413
Journalistic articles		0.419		0.302
Research articles, chapters or books		0.303	0.8
Scientific research reports		0.461	0.822
Personal experience				0.651
Consulting colleagues at work	0.32			0.731
KMO: 0.869; χ² = 14009.490; df = 105; p < 0.001
Total Explained Variance - 63.2%
SS loadings	3.331	2.988	1.816	1.339

Types of Information	Types of work
Types of Information	Relational	Analytical/Control	Contract/Supervision	Administrative
Internal	-0.063*	0.484**	0.054*	0.268**
External	0.443**	0.093**	0.149**	0.038
Scientific	0.286**	0.142**	0.046	-0.087**
Experiential	0.107**	0.071**	-0.012	0.136**

Function Performed	Always	Frequently	Occasionally	Rarely	Never
Elaborating reports and technical notes	33.15%	30.54%	14.91%	9.75%	11.64%
Providing superiors with advice	25.15%	23.39%	17.97%	10.79%	22.70%
Collecting and analyzing data	19.01%	27.07%	19.11%	13.19%	21.62%
Performing administrative activities	25.55%	20.39%	16.21%	15.33%	22.52%
Managing the team	27.00%	17.74%	16.95%	10.26%	28.05%
Supervising compliance with norms	19.29%	16.59%	13.52%	12.12%	38.47%
Meeting control body demands	13.87%	18.63%	27.79%	18.58%	21.12%
Consulting and meeting the demands of groups of society	9.86%	16.55%	20.77%	17.42%	35.40%
Elaborating, generating and supervising contracts	12.08%	13.80%	14.88%	12.46%	46.78%
Representing their body in meetings	9.04%	15.15%	18.67%	15.75%	41.40%
Elaborating normative texts (ex. bills)	5.28%	11.31%	17.77%	17.07%	48.57%
Organizing events	4.47%	10.12%	19.75%	20.94%	44.73%
Commissioning and validating evaluation studies	3.69%	7.54%	13.05%	19.22%	56.50%
Raising and negotiating financial resources	3.13%	7.91%	8.85%	11.10%	69.01%

Type of Information	Always	Frequently	Occasionally	Rarely	Never	Don’t Know
Laws and norms	60.46%	21.65%	10.46%	3.90%	2.29%	1.24%
Consulting colleagues at work	41.28%	34.59%	16.51%	3.58%	2.34%	1.70%
Personal experience	34.72%	29.86%	19.59%	7.80%	5.32%	2.71%
Federal government technical notes	32.75%	29.91%	20.60%	10%	5.14%	1.61%
Governmental information systems and databases	25.92%	23.90%	20.28%	14.36%	13.35%	2.20%
Legal reports and decisions	24.68%	25.50%	20.73%	15.83%	10.96%	2.29%
Control body recommendations	23.94%	25.50%	21.83%	14.86%	11.28%	2.57%
Research articles or books	12.20%	18.26%	27.71%	22.94%	16.56%	2.34%
Journalistic articles	10.05%	14.36%	22.25%	23.76%	26.88%	2.71%
Scientific research reports	6.47%	13.30%	22.80%	25.73%	28.07%	3.62%
International organization recommendations	5.83%	12.39%	18.81%	23.17%	35.87%	3.94%
Best practices of states and cities	4.72%	6.79%	17.43%	26.33%	40.23%	4.50%
Consumer experience and opinions	4.72%	7.25%	19.50%	27.16%	37.16%	4.22%
Participative recommendations	3.81%	7.61%	17.57%	27.11%	39.45%	4.45%
Information generated by interest groups	3.17%	7.80%	17.29%	26.38%	41.61%	3.76%

Função desempenhada	Sempre	Frequentemente	Eventualmente	Raramente	Nunca
Elaborar relatórios e notas técnicas	33.15%	30.54%	14.91%	9.75%	11.64%
Realizar assessoramento de dirigentes	25.15%	23.39%	17.97%	10.79%	22.70%
Coletar e analisar dados	19.01%	27.07%	19.11%	13.19%	21.62%
Realizar atividades administrativas	25.55%	20.39%	16.21%	15.33%	22.52%
Coordenar equipe	27.00%	17.74%	16.95%	10.26%	28.05%
Fiscalizar o cumprimento das normas.	19.29%	16.59%	13.52%	12.12%	38.47%
Atender demandas dos órgãos de controle	13.87%	18.63%	27.79%	18.58%	21.12%
Consultar e atender grupos da sociedade	9.86%	16.55%	20.77%	17.42%	35.40%
Elaborar, gerir e fiscalizar contratos	12.08%	13.80%	14.88%	12.46%	46.78%
Representar seu órgão junto a outros entes gov.	9.04%	15.15%	18.67%	15.75%	41.40%
Elaborar textos normativos (ex. projetos de lei)	5.28%	11.31%	17.77%	17.07%	48.57%
Organizar eventos	4.47%	10.12%	19.75%	20.94%	44.73%
Contratar e validar estudos de avaliação	3.69%	7.54%	13.05%	19.22%	56.50%
Captar e negociar recursos financeiros	3.13%	7.91%	8.85%	11.10%	69.01%

Tipo de informação	Sempre	Frequentemente	Eventualmente	Raramente	Nunca	Não sei
Leis e normas	60.46%	21.65%	10.46%	3.90%	2.29%	1.24%
Consulta a colegas de trabalho	41.28%	34.59%	16.51%	3.58%	2.34%	1.70%
Experiência pessoal	34.72%	29.86%	19.59%	7.80%	5.32%	2.71%
Notas técnicas produzidas por órgãos federais	32.75%	29.91%	20.60%	10%	5.14%	1.61%
Sistemas e bases de dados governamentais	25.92%	23.90%	20.28%	14.36%	13.35%	2.20%
Pareceres legais e decisões judiciais	24.68%	25.50%	20.73%	15.83%	10.96%	2.29%
Recomendações de órgãos de controle	23.94%	25.50%	21.83%	14.86%	11.28%	2.57%
Artigos ou livros produzidos por pesquisadores	12.20%	18.26%	27.71%	22.94%	16.56%	2.34%
Matéria jornalística	10.05%	14.36%	22.25%	23.76%	26.88%	2.71%
Relatórios de pesquisa científica	6.47%	13.30%	22.80%	25.73%	28.07%	3.62%
Recomendações de organismos internacionais	5.83%	12.39%	18.81%	23.17%	35.87%	3.94%
Boas práticas de estados e municípios	4.72%	6.79%	17.43%	26.33%	40.23%	4.50%
Experiência e opiniões de beneficiário	4.72%	7.25%	19.50%	27.16%	37.16%	4.22%
Recomendações de instâncias participativas	3.81%	7.61%	17.57%	27.11%	39.45%	4.45%
Informações geradas por grupos de interesse	3.17%	7.80%	17.29%	26.38%	41.61%	3.76%

[1] Natália Massaco Koga - Ph.D. in Political Science from the University of Westminster; Specialist in Public Policy and Governmental Management at the Applied Economic Research Institute (IPEA); Professor for the Professional Master’s Program in Government and Development at the National School of Public Administration (Enap). E-mail: natalia.koga@ipea.gov.br

Brasil

Brasil

The use of multiple sources of information in public policy: the Brazilian federal bureaucracy

Abstract