INNOVATION IN COMPANIES AND CULTURAL ORIENTATION TO INNOVATION: A MULTILEVEL STUDY

FRANCISCHETO, LEELA L.; NEIVA, ELAINE R.

doi:10.1590/1678-6971/eRAMG190135

LEELA L. FRANCISCHETO Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Leela L. Francischeto, SQN 206 bloco G, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil, CEP 70844-070. E-mail: leela.francischeto@gmail.com

Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF, Brazil.

Leela L. Francischeto, Departamento de Psicologia Social, do Trabalho e das Organizações, Universidade de Brasília (UnB); Elaine R. Neiva, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Universidade de Brasilia (UnB). Leela L. Francischeto is now Doctorate Student at Departamento de Psicologia Social, do Trabalho e das Organizações from the Universidade de Brasília; Elaine R. Neiva is now Associate Professor IV at Departamento de Administração from the Universidade de Brasília (UnB).

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5476-1890

ELAINE R. NEIVA

Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF, Brazil.

Leela L. Francischeto, Departamento de Psicologia Social, do Trabalho e das Organizações, Universidade de Brasília (UnB); Elaine R. Neiva, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Universidade de Brasilia (UnB). Leela L. Francischeto is now Doctorate Student at Departamento de Psicologia Social, do Trabalho e das Organizações from the Universidade de Brasília; Elaine R. Neiva is now Associate Professor IV at Departamento de Administração from the Universidade de Brasília (UnB).

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0503-3234

Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Leela L. Francischeto, SQN 206 bloco G, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil, CEP 70844-070. E-mail: leela.francischeto@gmail.com

Leela L. Francischeto, Departamento de Psicologia Social, do Trabalho e das Organizações, Universidade de Brasília (UnB); Elaine R. Neiva, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Universidade de Brasilia (UnB).

Leela L. Francischeto is now Doctorate Student at Departamento de Psicologia Social, do Trabalho e das Organizações from the Universidade de Brasília; Elaine R. Neiva is now Associate Professor IV at Departamento de Administração from the Universidade de Brasília (UnB).

Factor	ICC	Error variance	Group variance
Rituals and stories	0.367	1.877	1.087
Innovation strategies	0.275	0.925	0.351
Symbols and heroes	0.321	1.394	0.660
Autonomy	0.440	0.802	0.629
Standards and Communication	0.271	1.627	0.606

Variables	General innovation index	INOPRO	INOSERV	INOTEC	INOADM
Rituals and stories	0.207^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.134^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).	0.260^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.217^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.190^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
Innovation strategy	0.175^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.130^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).	0.102	0.202^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.120^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).
Symbols and heroes	0.156^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.106	0.151^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.161^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.137^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).
Autonomy	0.084	0.048	0.182^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.120^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).	0.056
Standarts and communication	0.175^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.123^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).	0.204^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.177^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.115^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).
N	317	317	317	317	317

Variables	Rituals and stories – organizational level	Innovation strategy – organizational level	Symbols and heroes – organizational level	Standarts and communication – organizational level	Autonomy – organizational level
General innovation index	0.328^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.324^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).	0.308^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).	0.213	0.337^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).
INOPRO	0.250	0.254	0.243	0.153	0.288^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).
INOSERV	0.352^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.245	0.281^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).	0.335^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).	0.264
INOTEC	0.178	0.273^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).	0.162	0.172	0.114
INOADM	0.257	0.236	0.232	0.171	0.166
N	54	54	54	54	54

Total innovation score					Product innovation
	R	R²	R² adjusted	p ^ p ≤ 0,05.	R	R²	R² adjusted	p ^ p ≤ 0,05.
	0.39	0.152	0.139	0.00	0.289	0.084	0.069	0.00
	b	β	T	P	b	β	T	p^ p ≤ 0,05.
Rituals and stories	10.815	0.397	2.957	0.003^* ***** Preditors.	5.080	0.191	1.368	0.172
Innovation strategies	1.710	0.399	3.906	0.000^* ***** Preditors.	14.913	0.357	3.357	0.001^* ***** Preditors.
Symbols and heroes	-3.000	-0.094	-0.770	0.442	-1.674	-0.054	-0.423	0.672
Autonomy	-13.135	-0.373	-0.370	0.000^* ***** Preditors.	-10.609	-0.308	-2.943	0.003^* ***** Preditors.
Norms and communication	-1.871	-0.053	-0.475	0.635	0.167	0.005	0.042	0.967
	Service innovation					Technological innovation
	R	R²	R² adjusted	p^ p ≤ 0,05.	R	R²	R² adjusted	p^ p ≤ 0,05.
	0.467	0.218	0.206	0.00	0.41	0.168	0.154	0.00
	b	β	t	p^ p ≤ 0,05.	b	β	T	p ^ p ≤ 0,05.
Rituals and stories	1.358	0.534	4.141	0.000^* ***** Preditors.	0.949	0.414	3.112	0.002^* ***** Preditors.
Innovation strategies	-1.389	-0.347	-3.538	0.000^* ***** Preditors.	1.676	0.465	4.594	0.000^* ***** Preditors.
Symbols and heroes	-1.137	-0.381	-3.252	0.001^* ***** Preditors.	-0.558	-0.208	-1.717	0.087
Autonomy	1.232	0.374	3.867	0.000^* ***** Preditors.	-0.883	-0.298	-2.985	0.003^* ***** Preditors.
Norms and communication	0.600	0.184	1.699	0.090	-0.163	-0.055	-0.497	0.620
	Administrative innovation
	R	R²	R² adjusted	p^ p ≤ 0,05.
	0.384	0.147	0.134	0.00
	b	β	t	p^ p ≤ 0,05.
Rituals and stories	3.496	0.690	5.119	0.000^* ***** Preditors.
Innovation strategies	1.973	0.248	2.414	0.016^* ***** Preditors.
Symbols and heroes	0.326	0.055	0.448	0.654
Autonomy	-2.874	-0.438	-4.335	0.000^* ***** Preditors.
Norms and communication	-2.518	-0.387	-3.424	0.001^* ***** Preditors.

Explanatory variables	Model 1 (without variables)
Fixed effect	Effect	Standard error	t
Intercept	36.80	7.86	-
Random effect – level 2 – σ²_u0
Variance – intercept	3702.35	676.09	5.48
Random effect – level 1 – σ²_e
R_ij variance	4.00	0.34	11.76
Intraclass correlation	0.999
Deviance	1960.28
Number of estimated parameters	3

Explanatory variables	Model 2 (M2)			Model 3 (M3)
Fixed effect	Effect	Standard error	T	Effect	Standard error	t
Intercept	36.59	7.9	-	60.4	68.15	-
Rituals and stories	0.30	0.13	*2.31	0.30	0.13	*2.31
Innovation strategies	0.24	0.15	1.60	0.23	0.15	1.53
Symbols and heroes	-0.33	0.15	*-2.20	-0.33	0.15	*-2.20
Autonomy	-0.04	0.15	-0.27	-0.04	0.15	-0.27
Standards and communication	-0.16	0.13	-1.23	-0.16	0.13	-1.23
Rituals and stories_aggregated				3.28	14.77	-0.22
Innovation strategies_aggregated				14.49	20.23	0.72
Symbols and heroes_aggregated				6.16	17.08	0.36
Aautonomy_aggregated				-18.98	15.96	-1.19
Standards and communication_aggregated				-11.34	15.88	-0.71
Random effect – level 2 – σ ²_u0
Variance – intercept	3702.48	676.12	5.48	3594.26	656.38	5.47
Random effect – level 1 – σ²_e
R_ij variance	3.88	0.32	12.125	3.88	0.32	12.125
Conditional intraclass correlation	0.99			0.99
Deviance	1951.38			1949.6
Number of estimated parameters	8			13
Difference of deviance M1 – deviance M2	8.9
Difference of parameters M2-M1	5
Test χ²	1.78
Difference of deviance M2 – deviance M3				1.78
Difference of parameters M3-M2				5
χ² Test				0.356
Level 1 variance	99.90%			3.00%
Level 2 variance	-0.004%			2.92%

[1] Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Leela L. Francischeto, SQN 206 bloco G, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil, CEP 70844-070. E-mail: leela.francischeto@gmail.com

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INNOVATION IN COMPANIES AND CULTURAL ORIENTATION TO INNOVATION: A MULTILEVEL STUDY

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