Water-use efficiency and onion quality in future climate scenarios

Simões, Welson Lima; Angelotti, Francislene; Guimarães, Miguel Julio Machado; Silva, Jucicléia Soares da; Silva, Rodrigo Moura e; Barros, Juliane Rafaele Alves

doi:10.1590/1983-40632022v5272212

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Brasil

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical

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Special Supplement: Climate Change in Agriculture • Pesq. Agropec. Trop., Goiânia 52 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5272212 copy

Water-use efficiency and onion quality in future climate scenarios

Eficiência no uso de água e qualidade de cebola em cenários climáticos futuros

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Considering that changes in climatic parameters directly interfere in crop yields, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of changes in carbon dioxide concentrations, temperature and soil water availability on production, water-use efficiency and onion (Allium cepa L. cv. IPA 11) quality. Four levels of soil water availability (40, 60, 80 and 100 %) and two concentrations of atmospheric CO₂ (770 and 390 ppm) were evaluated in three experiments with different temperature regimes (18-24-30, 22-28-34 and 26-32-38 ºC), in Phytotron growth chambers. The water-use efficiency, bulb diameter and weight, shoot dry weight, pulp frmness, soluble solids content, pH and titratable acidity were also evaluated. The increase in temperature reduces the production, and a higher soil water availability increases the production of IPA 11 onion bulbs. The temperature regime of 18-24-30 ºC and the water availability of 76.72 % provide the best water-use efficiency for the onion crop.

KEYWORDS
Allium cepa L.; water availability; carbon dioxide

Temperature regimes (ºC)	WUE (mg L^-1)	Bulb weight (g)	Shoot dry weight (g)	Bulb diameter (mm)	Titratable acidity (%)	Soluble solids (ºBrix)	Firmness (N)	pH
18-24-30⁽¹⁾	26.44 a	107.71 a	19.28 b	59.15 a	1.23 b	12.34 a	44.78 b	5.71 a
22-28-34⁽²⁾	16.70 b	68.73 b	29.21 a	49.92 b	1.73 a	10.03 c	76.06 a	5.36 c
26-32-38⁽³⁾	14.99 b	54.50 c	13.98 c	43.96 c	1.33 b	11.15 b	83.54 a	5.56 b

CO₂ levels (ppm)	WUE (mgL^-1)	Bulb weight (g)	Shoot dry weight (g)	Bulb diameter (mm)	Titratable acidity (%)	Soluble solids (°Brix)	Firmness (N)	PH
770	24.80 a	91.98 a	20.41 a	54.63 a	1.43 a	11.23 a	72.63 a	5.53 b
390	13.95 b	61.98b	21.23 a	47.39 b	1.46 a	11.12a	63.63 a	5.56 a

Temperature regimes (ºC)	Bulb weight (g)		Bulb diameter (mm)		pH		WUE (mg L^-1)
	CO₂ (ppm)
	770	390	770	390	770	390	770	390
18-24-30⁽¹⁾	143.18 Aa	72.23 Ab	67.05 Aa	51.23 Ab	5.65 Ab	5.78 Aa	36.19 Aa	16.67 Ab
22-28-34⁽²⁾	71.25 Ba	66.21 Aa	50.93 Ba	48.90 Aa	5.36 Ca	5.35 Ca	19.74 Ba	12.65ABb
26-32-38⁽³⁾	61.51 Ba	47.49 Bb	45.90 Ca	42.02 Bb	5.57 Ba	5.56 Ba	18.46 Ba	11.52 Bb

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[TFN1] * For the same letters in the column, the means are not different, according to the Tukey test at 0.05 of probability. ⁽¹⁾ 18 ºC from 8 p.m. to 6 a.m., 24 ºC from 6 a.m. to 10 a.m., 30 ºC from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. and 24 ºC from 3 p.m. to 8 p.m. ⁽²⁾ 22 ºC from 8 p.m. to 6 a.m., 28 ºC from 6 a.m. to 10 a.m., 34 ºC from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. and 28 ºC from 3 p.m. to 8 p.m. ⁽³⁾ 26 ºC from 8 p.m. to 6 a.m., 32 ºC from 6 a.m. to 10 a.m., 38 ºC from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. and 26 ºC from 3 p.m. to 8 p.m.