Vários estudos têm utilizado com sucesso o polietilenoglicol (PEG) e/ou ácido abscísico (ABA) para induzir a tolerância à dessecação em sementes germinadas de espécies ortodoxas, melhorando nosso entendimento dos mecanismos que fundamentam essa característica. Nesse contexto, tratamentos com PEG e ABA foram testados para avaliar sua eficiência em reduzir a sensibilidade à dessecação e aumentar o período de armazenamento das sementes de Magnolia ovata. A secagem das sementes a 10% de teor de água não afetou significativamente a germinação, independentemente de terem sido previamente tratadas ou não com ABA. No entanto, sementes tratadas com PEG apresentaram menor viabilidade. Após o armazenamento, as sementes tratadas com ABA e dessecadas a 5% de teor de água, apresentaram maiores taxas de germinação, sendo que o tratamento com ABA 100 µM proporcionou a maior capacidade de armazenamento. Não foram observadas alterações na atividade da catalase, peroxidase ou superóxido dismutase ou na abundância de proteínas totais ou resistentes ao calor.

Termos para indexação:
atividade enzimática; sementes florestais; sementes intermediárias; proteínas

Autoria

Fabieli Pelissari

Laboratório de Análise de Sementes, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 78550-728, Sinop, MT, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Mato GrossoBrazilSinop, MT, BrazilLaboratório de Análise de Sementes, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 78550-728, Sinop, MT, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7291-8660

Wilson Vicente Souza Pereira

Setor de Sementes, Departamento de Agricultura, Universidade Federal de Lavras, PO Box: 3037, 37200-900, Lavras, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de LavrasBrazilLavras, MG, BrazilSetor de Sementes, Departamento de Agricultura, Universidade Federal de Lavras, PO Box: 3037, 37200-900, Lavras, MG, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7931-8382

Thalita Maciel Pereira

Laboratório de Sementes Florestais, Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal de Lavras, PO Box: 3037, 37200-900, Lavras, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de LavrasBrazilLavras, MG, BrazilLaboratório de Sementes Florestais, Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal de Lavras, PO Box: 3037, 37200-900, Lavras, MG, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0443-5699

Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1384-4969

José Marcio Rocha Faria

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0365-2787

Anderson Cleiton José ^**Corresponding author E-mail: acjose@ufla.br

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5642-8001

*Corresponding author
E-mail: acjose@ufla.br

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figuras | Tabelas

Figuras (6)
Tabelas (1)

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Figure 1
Germination percentage, normal seedling percentage, and GSI of M. ovata seeds subjected to PEG conditioning and treatment with ABA. Panels A and B: Germination percentage; C and D: normal seedling percentage; E and F: germination speed index. In panels B, D, and F, the same letters, lowercase in a column and uppercase in a row, indicate the absence of significant differences by the LSD test at the 5% probability level between the treatments and between the water contents, respectively.

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Figure 2
Germination percentage and germination speed index (GSI) of M. ovata seeds subjected to different treatments and stored for 45 days at -21 °C. Panel A: Germination percentage; C: germination speed index. In panels B and D, the same letters, lowercase in a column and uppercase in a row, indicate the absence of significant differences by the LSD test at the 5% probability level between the treatments and between the water contents, respectively.

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Figure 3
Enzymatic activity in M. ovata seeds after PEG conditioning and ABA treatment. Left side: Electrophoresis gels after staining to visualize the enzymes. Right side: Numerical representation of band intensity. Panel A: Superoxide dismutase; B: catalase; C: peroxidase. Treatments: 1: 20% water; 2: 15% water; 3: Seeds treated with 100 µM ABA and dried to 15% water; 4: seeds treated with -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 15% water; 5: seeds treated with -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 15% water; 6: 10% water; 7: seeds treated with 100 µM ABA and dried to 10% water; 8: seeds treated with -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 10% water; 9: seeds treated with -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 10% water; 10: 5% water; 11: seeds treated with 100 µM ABA and dried to 5% water; 12: seeds treated with -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 5% water; 13: seeds treated with -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 5% water.

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Figure 4
Enzymatic activity in M. ovata seeds after PEG conditioning, ABA treatment, and drying, followed by storage for 45 days at -21 °C. Left side: Electrophoresis gels after staining for visualization of the enzymes. Right side: Numerical representation of band intensity. Panel A: Superoxide dismutase; B: catalase; C: peroxidase. Treatments: 1: 10% water; 2: seeds conditioned with 100 µM ABA and dried to 10% water; 3: seeds conditioned with -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 10% water; 4: seeds conditioned in -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 10% water; 5: seeds dried to 5% water; 6: seeds treated with 100 µM ABA and dried to 5% water; 7: seeds conditioned in -2.1 MPa PEG, dried to 5% water; 8: seeds conditioned in -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA, dried to 5% water.

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Figure 5
Electrophoretic pattern of total and heat-resistance proteins of M. ovata after different treatments and with different water contents. Panel A: Total proteins; B: heat-resistance proteins. Treatments: 1: 20% water content (WC); 2: 15% WC; 3: 100 µM ABA and dried to 15% WC; 4: -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 15% WC; 5: -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 15% WC; 6: 10% WC; 7: 100 μM ABA and dried to 10% WC; 8: -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 10% WC; 9: -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 10% WC; 10: 5% WC; 11: 100 µM ABA and dried to 5% WC; 12: -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 5% WC; 13: -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 5% WC.

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Figure 6
Electrophoretic patterns of total and heat-resistant proteins of M. ovata after different treatments at different water contents stored for 45 days at -21 °C. Panel A: Total proteins; B: heat-resistance proteins. Treatments: 1: 10% water content (WC); 2: 100 µM ABA and dried to 10% WC; 3: -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 10% WC; 4: -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 10% WC; 5: 5% WC; 6: 100 µM ABA and dried to 5% WC; 7: -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 5% WC; 8: -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 5% WC. Arrows indicate the treatments with the highest band intensity.

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Table 1
Saline solutions used for drying M. ovata seeds to obtain different equilibrium relative humidities.

Figure 1 Germination percentage, normal seedling percentage, and GSI of M. ovata seeds subjected to PEG conditioning and treatment with ABA. Panels A and B: Germination percentage; C and D: normal seedling percentage; E and F: germination speed index. In panels B, D, and F, the same letters, lowercase in a column and uppercase in a row, indicate the absence of significant differences by the LSD test at the 5% probability level between the treatments and between the water contents, respectively.

Figure 2 Germination percentage and germination speed index (GSI) of M. ovata seeds subjected to different treatments and stored for 45 days at -21 °C. Panel A: Germination percentage; C: germination speed index. In panels B and D, the same letters, lowercase in a column and uppercase in a row, indicate the absence of significant differences by the LSD test at the 5% probability level between the treatments and between the water contents, respectively.

Figure 3 Enzymatic activity in M. ovata seeds after PEG conditioning and ABA treatment. Left side: Electrophoresis gels after staining to visualize the enzymes. Right side: Numerical representation of band intensity. Panel A: Superoxide dismutase; B: catalase; C: peroxidase. Treatments: 1: 20% water; 2: 15% water; 3: Seeds treated with 100 µM ABA and dried to 15% water; 4: seeds treated with -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 15% water; 5: seeds treated with -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 15% water; 6: 10% water; 7: seeds treated with 100 µM ABA and dried to 10% water; 8: seeds treated with -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 10% water; 9: seeds treated with -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 10% water; 10: 5% water; 11: seeds treated with 100 µM ABA and dried to 5% water; 12: seeds treated with -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 5% water; 13: seeds treated with -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 5% water.

Figure 4 Enzymatic activity in M. ovata seeds after PEG conditioning, ABA treatment, and drying, followed by storage for 45 days at -21 °C. Left side: Electrophoresis gels after staining for visualization of the enzymes. Right side: Numerical representation of band intensity. Panel A: Superoxide dismutase; B: catalase; C: peroxidase. Treatments: 1: 10% water; 2: seeds conditioned with 100 µM ABA and dried to 10% water; 3: seeds conditioned with -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 10% water; 4: seeds conditioned in -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 10% water; 5: seeds dried to 5% water; 6: seeds treated with 100 µM ABA and dried to 5% water; 7: seeds conditioned in -2.1 MPa PEG, dried to 5% water; 8: seeds conditioned in -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA, dried to 5% water.

Figure 5 Electrophoretic pattern of total and heat-resistance proteins of M. ovata after different treatments and with different water contents. Panel A: Total proteins; B: heat-resistance proteins. Treatments: 1: 20% water content (WC); 2: 15% WC; 3: 100 µM ABA and dried to 15% WC; 4: -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 15% WC; 5: -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 15% WC; 6: 10% WC; 7: 100 μM ABA and dried to 10% WC; 8: -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 10% WC; 9: -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 10% WC; 10: 5% WC; 11: 100 µM ABA and dried to 5% WC; 12: -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 5% WC; 13: -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 5% WC.

Figure 6 Electrophoretic patterns of total and heat-resistant proteins of M. ovata after different treatments at different water contents stored for 45 days at -21 °C. Panel A: Total proteins; B: heat-resistance proteins. Treatments: 1: 10% water content (WC); 2: 100 µM ABA and dried to 10% WC; 3: -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 10% WC; 4: -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 10% WC; 5: 5% WC; 6: 100 µM ABA and dried to 5% WC; 7: -2.1 MPa PEG and dried to 5% WC; 8: -2.1 MPa PEG + 100 µM ABA and dried to 5% WC. Arrows indicate the treatments with the highest band intensity.

Table 1 Saline solutions used for drying M. ovata seeds to obtain different equilibrium relative humidities.

Saline solution	Concentration in water	Equilibrium relative humidity	Exposure time
LiCl	5 g/100 mL	95%	120 h
MgSO47H₂O	Saturated solution	89%	120 h
NaCl	Saturated solution	75%	48 h
Silica gel	---	10%	48 h

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[1] *Corresponding author
E-mail: acjose@ufla.br