Physiological and sanitary performance of soybean seeds during storage after phosphine fumigation

Krzyzanowski, Francisco Carlos; Lorini, Irineu; Henning, Ademir Assis; França-Neto, José de Barros

doi:10.1590/2317-1545v41n3205560

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • J. Seed Sci. 41 (3) • Jul-Sep 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v41n3205560 copy

Physiological and sanitary performance of soybean seeds during storage after phosphine fumigation

Desempenho fisiológico e sanitário da semente de soja durante o armazenamento após expurgo com gás fosfina

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract:

To maintain the physical, physiological and sanitary qualities of soybean seeds during storage, efficient control of pests must be considered. Fumigation is a technique used to eliminate pests that infest stored seeds, but there is no information on possible toxic effects on the seed and the microorganisms in the seeds fumigated several times during storage. An experiment was conducted to ascertain its effect on germination, viability, and vigor (tetrazolium, accelerated aging, and seedling length tests) and on the microorganisms associated with the soybean seeds. The study was conducted on soybean seeds which were exposed to three phosphine fumigations over the period of 210 days of storage in a completely randomized statistical design. The treatments were three concentrations of phosphine (PH₃.m^-3) at 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 g.m^-3 and the control without application of phosphine, applied three times on the same group of the seeds throughout the storage period. The fumigation chambers were made of plastic sheet impermeable to phosphine gas. Seed fumigation did not modify the physiological performance of the soybean seeds. It also did not affect the viability of the fungi and bacteria in the seeds.

Index terms:
Glycine max; pests; germination; vigor; microorganisms

ABRATES - Associação Brasileira de Tecnologia de Sementes Av. Juscelino Kubitschek, 1400 - 3° Andar, sala 31 - Centro,, CEP 86020-000 Londrina/PR - Londrina - PR - Brazil
E-mail: jss@abrates.org.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] *Corresponding author <francisco.krzyzanowski@embrapa.br>

Treatment		Tetrazolium		Accelerated aging (%)	Germination (%)	Seedling length (cm)
Cultivar	Phosphine concentration (g.m^-3)	Vigor (%)	Viability (%)			Total length	Hypocotyl length	Root length
First fumigation:
BRS232	Control	92 ¹	96 ¹	92 b	96 ¹	19.0 ¹	6.0 ¹	16.7 ¹
High Vigor	1.0	90	96	92 b	96	17.9	5.4	12.0
TZ 92%	2.0	91	95	94 a	97	17.5	5.6	11.2
	3.0	93	97	94 a	97	17.9	5.8	11.5
C.V.%		1.72	2.07	0.66	0.87	6.28	7.80	7.12
First fumigation:
Embrapa 48	Control	82 ¹	90 ¹	83 ¹	90 ¹	24.6 a	7.8 ¹	16.7 a
High Vigor	1.0	81	89	80	90	19.6 b	7.5	12.0 b
TZ 82%	2.0	82	90	83	91	18.7 b	7.4	11.2 b
	3.0	80	88	81	92	19.0 b	7.5	11.5 b
C.V.%		4.24	2.88	2.57	1.67	4.90	3.55	7.27
Second fumigation:
BRS232	Control	94 ¹	96 ¹	93 ¹	91 ¹	16.5 b	5.4 b	11.0 b
High Vigor	1.0	91	96	91	90	16.3 b	5.6 b	10.7 bc
TZ 92%	2.0	92	95	94	88	17.7 a	5.4 b	12.3 a
	3.0	93	98	94	87	16.2 b	6.4 a	9.7 c
C.V.%		1.79	1.65	1.89	2.53	3.17	8.21	4.72
Second fumigation:
Embrapa 48	Control	76 ¹	89 ¹	70 ¹	87 ¹	26.9 a	8.3 a	18.5 a
High Vigor	1.0	75	87	72	91	23.2 b	7.9 ab	15.3 b
TZ 82%	2.0	75	88	76	90	18.8 d	7.4 b	11.4 d
	3.0	76	89	73	88	21.8 c	8.6 a	13.1 c
C.V.%		4.00	2.52	5.26	2.53	3.87	6.14	4.78
Third fumigation:
BRS232	Control	87 ¹	93 b	89 ¹	93 ¹	15.1 ¹	5.0 ¹	10.0 ¹
High Vigor	1.0	85	93 b	87	94	15.8	5.2	10.6
TZ 92%	2.0	91	96 a	94	94	15.6	5.0	10.5
	3.0	88	93 b	90	93	16.1	5.1	10.9
C.V.%		2.58	1.73	3.23	1.78	4.82	7.92	6.39
Third fumigation:
Embrapa 48	Control	61 ¹	84 ¹	40 b	76 ¹	18.3 a	7.1 a	11.2 a
High Vigor	1.0	65	83	54 a	82	14.9 b	6.0 b	8.9 b
TZ 82%	2.0	56	82	53 a	83	15.3 b	6.2 b	9.05 b
	3.0	60	83	48 a	82	16.8 ab	6.7 a	10.1 ab
C.V.%		14.56	4.20	9.42	3.86	5.96	3.35	9.14

Concentration of phosphine applied (g.m^-3)	Fumigation applications on seeds during storage
Concentration of phosphine applied (g.m^-3)	First (day one)	Second (90 days)	Third (210 days)
Seeds of BRS 232 infected with Cercospora kikuchii (%):
Control	5.10	1.00	0.00
1.0	1.90	1.25	0.00
2.0	3.90	1.25	0.00
3.0	5.10	1.25	0.00
Seeds of Embrapa 48 with saprofitic bacteria (%):
Control	15.10	7.90	15.40
1.0	11.50	12.30	12.30
2.0	7.90	12.00	10.60
3.0	7.30	5.90	26.60