Synthesis and characterization of GAP/BAMO copolymers applied at high energetic composite propellants

Kawamoto, Aparecida Minhoco; Diniz, Milton Faria; Lourenço, Vera Lúcia; Takahashi, Marta Ferreira K.; Keicher, Thomas; Krause, Horst; Menke, Klaus; Kempa, Paul Bernt

doi:10.5028/jatm.2010.02037910

Abstract:

The main objective of these studies was the synthesis and characterization of new energetic binders and their use in some propellant formulations. Following the working plan elaborated, the synthesis and characterization of the following compounds has been done successfully:

GAP;
energetic Monomer BAMO;
energetic Binders;
copolymer GAP/PolyBAMO.

The scale up for the synthesis of copolymer GAP/PolyBAMO and PolyBAMO using GAP as initiator has been done and they were fully characterized by IR, (¹H, ¹³C) NMR-spectroscopy, GPC, elemental analysis, OH-functionality, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and sensitivity tests (friction, impact). For this two scale up synthesis some propellant formulations were carried out and the results of mechanical and burning properties have been compared with GAP propellants.

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REFERENCES

Bednarek, M., Kubisa, P. and Penczek, S., 2001, Macromolecules, Vol. 34, pp.5112.
Biedron, T., Kubisa, P. and Penczek, S., 1991, Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry., Vol. 29, pp. 619-628.
Eisele, S., Zimdahl, L. and Menke, K., 2002, "Burning Propellants Based on Silicone and GAP Binder Formulations", Proceedings of the 33rd Intern. Annual Conference of ICT in Karlsruhe - Germany, June 25-28, pp. 145.
Eishu, K., Yoshio, O., 1996, "Insensitive munitions and combustion characteristics of BAMO/NMMO propellants". J. Energ. Mater. Vol. 14, N. 3-4, pp. 201-215.
Elie, A., 1990, "European Patent Application, A2 0 350 226".
Helmy, A.M., 1984, "Investigation of new energetic ingredients for minimum signature propellants". AIAA-84-1434, Proceedings of the 20th Joint Propulsion Conference, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Kubisa, P., Penczek, S., 1999, Prog. Polym. Sci., Vol. 24, pp. 1409-1437.
Kubisa, P. et al., 2000, Macromolecules Symposia, pp. 153-217.
Lieber, E. et al., 1963, "Infrared spectra of acid azides, carbamyl azides and other azido derivatives. Anomalous splittings of the N3 stretching bands", Vol. 19, pp. 1135-1144.
Menke, K. et al., 2002, "Minimum Smoke Propellants with High Burning Rates and Thermodynamic Performance"", AVT Conference 089, RTO-MP-091, Aalborg.
Menke, K., Böhnlein-Mauß, J. and Schubert, H., 1996, "Characteristic Properties of AN/GAP Propellants", Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Vol. 21, pp. 1-7.
Menke, K., Böhnlein-Mauß, J. and Schubert, H., 1996, "Characteristic Properties of AN/GAP Propellants", Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Vol. 21, pp. 1-7.
Oliveira, J.I.S. et al., 2007, "Determination of CHN Content in Energetic Binder by MIR Analysis". Polímeros, Vol. 17, pp. 42-46.
Oliveira, J.I.S. et al., 2006, "MIR/NIR/FIR Characterization of Poly-AMMO and Poly-BAMO and their Precursors as Energetic Binder to be used in Solid Propellants", Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Vol. 31, p. 395-400.
Penczek, S., 1988, ACS Polymer Preprints, Vol. 29, N 2, p. 38.
Provatas, A., 2000, "Energetic polymers and plasticisers for explosive formulations - a review of recent advances". Melbourne: Defense Science & Technology Organisation (DSTO).
Yoshio, O. et al., 1994, "Burning rate augmentation of BAMO based propellants". Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnichs, Vol. 19, N 4, pp. 180-186.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
Sep-Dec 2010

History

Received
28 June 2010
Accepted
02 Aug 2010

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

[1] Bednarek, M., Kubisa, P. and Penczek, S., 2001, Macromolecules, Vol. 34, pp.5112.

[2] Biedron, T., Kubisa, P. and Penczek, S., 1991, Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry., Vol. 29, pp. 619-628.

[3] Eisele, S., Zimdahl, L. and Menke, K., 2002, "Burning Propellants Based on Silicone and GAP Binder Formulations", Proceedings of the 33rd Intern. Annual Conference of ICT in Karlsruhe - Germany, June 25-28, pp. 145.

[4] Eishu, K., Yoshio, O., 1996, "Insensitive munitions and combustion characteristics of BAMO/NMMO propellants". J. Energ. Mater. Vol. 14, N. 3-4, pp. 201-215.

[5] Elie, A., 1990, "European Patent Application, A2 0 350 226".

[6] Helmy, A.M., 1984, "Investigation of new energetic ingredients for minimum signature propellants". AIAA-84-1434, Proceedings of the 20th Joint Propulsion Conference, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.

[7] Kubisa, P., Penczek, S., 1999, Prog. Polym. Sci., Vol. 24, pp. 1409-1437.

[8] Kubisa, P. et al., 2000, Macromolecules Symposia, pp. 153-217.

[9] Lieber, E. et al., 1963, "Infrared spectra of acid azides, carbamyl azides and other azido derivatives. Anomalous splittings of the N3 stretching bands", Vol. 19, pp. 1135-1144.

[10] Menke, K. et al., 2002, "Minimum Smoke Propellants with High Burning Rates and Thermodynamic Performance"", AVT Conference 089, RTO-MP-091, Aalborg.

[11] Menke, K., Böhnlein-Mauß, J. and Schubert, H., 1996, "Characteristic Properties of AN/GAP Propellants", Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Vol. 21, pp. 1-7.

[12] Menke, K., Böhnlein-Mauß, J. and Schubert, H., 1996, "Characteristic Properties of AN/GAP Propellants", Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Vol. 21, pp. 1-7.

[13] Oliveira, J.I.S. et al., 2007, "Determination of CHN Content in Energetic Binder by MIR Analysis". Polímeros, Vol. 17, pp. 42-46.

[14] Oliveira, J.I.S. et al., 2006, "MIR/NIR/FIR Characterization of Poly-AMMO and Poly-BAMO and their Precursors as Energetic Binder to be used in Solid Propellants", Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Vol. 31, p. 395-400.

[15] Penczek, S., 1988, ACS Polymer Preprints, Vol. 29, N 2, p. 38.

[16] Provatas, A., 2000, "Energetic polymers and plasticisers for explosive formulations - a review of recent advances". Melbourne: Defense Science & Technology Organisation (DSTO).

[17] Yoshio, O. et al., 1994, "Burning rate augmentation of BAMO based propellants". Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnichs, Vol. 19, N 4, pp. 180-186.

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