Avaliação das nanopartículas no desempenho de materiais energéticos

Rocco, José Atílio Fritz Fidel; Gonçalves, Rene Francisco Boschi; Iha, Koshun; Silva, Gilson da

doi:10.5028/jatm.2010.02014752

Resumo:

A adição de partículas metálicas nanométricas em sistemas de propulsão, tais como propelentes sólido, líquido, híbrido e de motores aspirados, "ramjet", tem sido recentemente mais pesquisada. Significante aumento na velocidade de queima e no impulso específico são algumas das vantagens do uso de nanopartículas de materiais energéticos em diferentes tipos de sistemas de propulsão. O alumínio tem sido largamente empregado como aditivo metálico em materiais energéticos, e recentemente em um novo sistema de propulsão (aluminum/ice propulsion, Alice). Estudos mostram que a vantagem do uso de nanopartículas de alumínio em substituição das partículas micrométricas facilita a ignição de sistemas e permite melhor incorporação dos componentes nas formulações, melhorando sua homogeneidade. Alguns dos processos de combustão que requerem altas pressões e temperaturas podem ocorrer em condições moderadas devido ao aumento da área superficial dos reagentes, nesse caso, de aditivo metálico.

Palavras-chave:
Nanoparticulas; Alumínio; Materiais energéticos

Abstract:

The addition of nanosized metal particles in propulsion systems such as solid and liquid propellants, hybrid propellant and ramjet motors has recently became a major focus of research. Significant increases in the burning velocity and in the specific impulse are some of the advantages of using nano-scale energetic materials in many different types of propulsion systems. Aluminum has been largely employed as a metallic additive in energetic materials, also in a recently new propulsion system (aluminum/ice propulsion, "Alice"), and some studies show that the advantages of using nanosized aluminum instead of microsized aluminum are facilitating the ignition of the systems and allowing better incorporation of the components in the formulations and improving its homogeneity. Some of the combustion processes that require high pressures and even higher temperatures can occur in moderate conditions due to the increase of the surface area of the reactants, in this case, the metallic additive.

Keywords:
Nanoparticles; Aluminum; Energetic materials

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REFERÊNCIAS

Armstrong, R.W., et al., 2003, "Enhanced propellant combustion with nanoparticles", Nano Letters, Vol. 3, N. 2, pp. 253-255.
Cliff, M., Tepper, F, Lisetsky, V., 2001, "Ageing characteristics of Alex* nanosized aluminum", Proceeding of 37^th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Salt Lake City, USA.
Dokhan, A., et al., 2001, "The effects of Al particle size on the burning rate and residual oxide in aluminized propellants", Proceeding of 37^th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Salt Lake City, USA.
Kotov, Y.A., 2003, "Electric explosion of wires as a method for preparation of nanopowders", Journal of Nanoparticle Research, N. 5, pp. 539-550.
Meda, L., et al., 2005, "Nano-composites for solid propellants", Composites Science and Technology, N. 65, pp. 769-773.
Mordosky, J.W., et al., 2001, "Spray combustion of gelled RP-1 propellants containing nano-sized aluminum particles in rocket engine conditions", Proceeding of 37^th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Salt Lake City, USA.
Natan, B., Gany, A., 1989, "Effects of bypass air on the combustion of boron particles in a solid fuel Ramjet", Proceeding of 25^th AIAA, ASME, SAE, and ASEE, Joint Propulsion Conference, Monterey, CA.
Neely, A.J., et al., 2003, "Hidrocarbon and hydrogen-fuelled scramjet cavity flameholder performance at high flight mach numbers", Proceeding of 12^th AIAA International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies, Norfolk, USA.
Park, K., et al., 2005, "Size-resolved kinetic measurements of aluminum nanoparticle oxidation with single particle mass spectrometry", J Phys Chem B, Vol. 109, N. 15, pp. 7290-7299.
Prakash, A., McCormick, A., Zachariah, M.R., 2004, "Aero-sol-gel synthesis of nanoporous iron-oxide particles: a potential oxidizer for nanoenergetic materials", Chem Mater, N. 16, pp. 1466-1471.
Risha, G.A., et al., 2001, "Combustion of HTPB-based solid fuels containing nano-sized energetic powder in a hybrid rocket motor", Proceeding of 37^th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Salt Lake City, USA.
Teipel, U., Förter-Barth, U., 2005, "Rheological behavior of nitromethane gelled with nanoparticles", AIAA, Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 21, N. 1, pp. 40-43.
Wilson, D.E., Kim, K., 2003, "A simplified model for the combustion of Al/MoO₃ nanocomposite thermites", Proceeding of 39^th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, Huntsville, USA.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
Jan-Apr 2010

Histórico

Recebido
01 Mar 2010
Aceito
16 Mar 2010

Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto (Open Access) sob a licença Creative Commons Attribution, que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, sem restrições desde que o trabalho original seja corretamente citado.

[1] Armstrong, R.W., et al., 2003, "Enhanced propellant combustion with nanoparticles", Nano Letters, Vol. 3, N. 2, pp. 253-255.

[2] Cliff, M., Tepper, F, Lisetsky, V., 2001, "Ageing characteristics of Alex* nanosized aluminum", Proceeding of 37^th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Salt Lake City, USA.

[3] Dokhan, A., et al., 2001, "The effects of Al particle size on the burning rate and residual oxide in aluminized propellants", Proceeding of 37^th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Salt Lake City, USA.

[4] Kotov, Y.A., 2003, "Electric explosion of wires as a method for preparation of nanopowders", Journal of Nanoparticle Research, N. 5, pp. 539-550.

[5] Meda, L., et al., 2005, "Nano-composites for solid propellants", Composites Science and Technology, N. 65, pp. 769-773.

[6] Mordosky, J.W., et al., 2001, "Spray combustion of gelled RP-1 propellants containing nano-sized aluminum particles in rocket engine conditions", Proceeding of 37^th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Salt Lake City, USA.

[7] Natan, B., Gany, A., 1989, "Effects of bypass air on the combustion of boron particles in a solid fuel Ramjet", Proceeding of 25^th AIAA, ASME, SAE, and ASEE, Joint Propulsion Conference, Monterey, CA.

[8] Neely, A.J., et al., 2003, "Hidrocarbon and hydrogen-fuelled scramjet cavity flameholder performance at high flight mach numbers", Proceeding of 12^th AIAA International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies, Norfolk, USA.

[9] Park, K., et al., 2005, "Size-resolved kinetic measurements of aluminum nanoparticle oxidation with single particle mass spectrometry", J Phys Chem B, Vol. 109, N. 15, pp. 7290-7299.

[10] Prakash, A., McCormick, A., Zachariah, M.R., 2004, "Aero-sol-gel synthesis of nanoporous iron-oxide particles: a potential oxidizer for nanoenergetic materials", Chem Mater, N. 16, pp. 1466-1471.

[11] Risha, G.A., et al., 2001, "Combustion of HTPB-based solid fuels containing nano-sized energetic powder in a hybrid rocket motor", Proceeding of 37^th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Salt Lake City, USA.

[12] Teipel, U., Förter-Barth, U., 2005, "Rheological behavior of nitromethane gelled with nanoparticles", AIAA, Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 21, N. 1, pp. 40-43.

[13] Wilson, D.E., Kim, K., 2003, "A simplified model for the combustion of Al/MoO₃ nanocomposite thermites", Proceeding of 39^th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, Huntsville, USA.

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