Agronomic efficiency of fermented composts formulated with tephrosia phytomass in arugula crop

Aguiar, Beatriz Gaspar de; Guerra, José Guilherme Marinho; Goulart, Jhonatan Marins; Espindola, José Antonio Azevedo; Araújo, Ednaldo da Silva

doi:10.1590/s0102-0536-2024-e2624

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Research • Hortic. Bras. 42 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2024-e2624 copy

Agronomic efficiency of fermented composts formulated with tephrosia phytomass in arugula crop

Eficiência agronômica de compostos fermentados formulados com a fitomassa da fabácea tefrósia no cultivo de rúcula

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to determine the chemical, physical-chemical properties and agronomic efficiency of fermented composts formulated with agro-industrial wastes and tephrosia (Tephrosia sinapou) phytomass (TS) in arugula fertilization. The experiment was carried out in two phases, using wheat bran (FT), sugarcane bagasse (BC), TS phytomass and malt bagasse (BM) in the compound formulations. The first stage consisted of evaluating the chemical and physical-chemical properties in a completely randomized experimental design with 9 treatments (60TS+30FT+10BC; 60TS+30BM+10BC; 60TS+20FT+20BC; 60TS+20BM+20BC; 60TS+ 10FT+30BC; 60TS+10BM+30BC; 60TS+40FT; 60TS+40BM; 60TS+40BC) and four replicates. The second stage consisted of evaluating the agronomic efficiency of the formulations 60TS+40FT, 60TS+10FT+30BC, 60TS+40BM, 60TS+10BM+30BC and 60TS+40BC in arugula crop and a control treatment (without fertilizer). The fermented composts showed suitable chemical and physical-chemical properties for being used as fertilizers. Tephrosia phytomass has the potential for producing fermented composts, whose combination with 40% FT or BM, respectively, provided increases in N, P, K, Ca and Mg uptake, and in arugula productivity of 129,14% and 127.32% higher than the control (without any organic fertilizer)

Palavras-chave:
Tephrosia sinapou; Eruca sativa; bokashi; resíduos agrícolas

Raw material	Nutrient contents					C/N	Moisture (%)
	N	P	K	Ca	Mg
	(g/kg)
Wheat bran	23.47	7.93	9.87	0.93	2.37	17.94	12.0
Tephrosia bran	26.68	2.24	12.31	8.22	2.25	16.15	10.0
Malt bagasse	39.11	4.70	0.57	1.26	1.51	11.41	70.0
Sugarcane bagasse	4.98	0.48	4.14	0.76	0.65	88.65	9.0

Formulations		pH	electrical conductivity (µs/cm)	Moisture (%)	Nutrient contents of fermented composts
					N	P	K	Ca	Mg
					(g/kg)
60TS+40FT		4.70 B	1132.50 A	43.16 C	33.9 C	4.04 A	12.29 B	5.25 B	3.28 A
60TS+30FT+10BC		4.84 A	1103.75 A	43.11 C	33.7 C	3.60 A	12.37 B	5.24 B	3.07 A
60TS+20FT+20BC		4.87 A	932.75 B	50.44 A	33.9 C	3.78 A	15.07 A	6.23 A	3.69 A
60TS+10FT+30BC		4.46 C	740.75 C	47.30 B	32.0 D	2.89 B	14.78 A	6.02 A	3.24 A
60TS+40BM		4.74 B	903.25 B	52.23 A	38.9 A	3.06 B	9.58 C	5.59 B	3.07 A
60TS+30BM+10BC		4.53 C	861.25 B	49.07 B	36.6 B	2.99 B	11.48 B	6.13 A	3.01 A
60TS+20BM+20BC		4.39 C	761.75 C	41.53 C	35.3 B	2.75 B	11.26 B	5.81 B	2.99 A
60TS+10BM+30BC		4.13 D	725.50 C	41.94 C	31.8 D	2.46 C	11.28 B	5.64 B	3.04 A
60TS+40BC		4.38 C	667.50 C	46.67 B	31.5 D	2.30 C	14.50 A	6.55 A	2.97 A
F. variation	GL	Mean square
Treatments	8	0.2403*	109487.5*	61.326*	0.183*	1.424*	14.228*	0.790*	0.209^ns
Waste	27	0.0088	7063.537	5.163	0.043	0.059	1.297	0.183	0.120
Total	35	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
CV (%)		2.07	9.66	4.92	6.36	7.89	9.10	7.34	11.01

Formulations		Phytotechnical components of arugula
Formulations		Height (cm)	Nº leaves/plant	AF (cm²)	Productivity (t/ha)
60TS+40FT		20.46 A	6.73 A	181.78 A	23.90 A
60TS+10FT+30BC		16.16 B	5.33 C	104.24 B	12.78 C
60TS+40BM		19.84 A	6.88 A	187.52 A	25.71 A
60TS+10BM+30BC		18.90 A	6.04 B	148.09 A	16.70 B
60TS+40BC		18.89 A	5.98 B	140.77 A	17.91 B
Control (no fertilization)		15.10 B	5.08 C	88.09 B	10.43 C
F. variation	GL	Mean square
Treatment	5	18.003391*	2.070130*	924600.30*	138.788037*
Blocks	3	7.999684*	1.416728*	344277.66	20.537722
Waste	15	2.269338	0.213201	163203.94	13.204119
Total	23	----	----	----	----
CV (%)		8.27	7.69	23.75	20.38

Formulations		Accumulated amounts of nutrients in arugula phytomass
		N	P	K	Ca	Mg
		(kg/ha)
60TS+40FT		80.59 A	18.59 A	138.46 A	69.43 A	19.06 A
60TS+10FT+30BC		46.58 B	11.25 B	73.04 B	46.79 B	12.43 B
60TS+40BM		77.97 A	21.08 A	145.40 A	89.84 A	20.21 A
60TS+10BM+30BC		56.53 B	13.21 B	87.69 B	54.26 B	14.51 B
60TS+40BC		63.82 A	13.00 B	100.82 B	55.44 B	13.12 B
Control (no fertilization)		38.40 B	8.70 B	57.90 B	45.09 B	10.38 B
F. variation	GL	Mean Square
Treatment	5	1132.906624*	86.393354*	4951.75193*	1144.055697*	60.329387*
Blocks	3	344.636160	0.525982	1246.54694	194.823782	11.890028
Waste	15	223.413793	11.56942	779.867208	181.605509	12.993918
Total	23	-	-	-	-	-
CV (%)		24.65	23.77	27.77	22.41	24.10

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[TFN1] Means followed by the same letter do not differ from each other by Scott-Knott test (5% probability). TS= tephrosia bran; FT= wheat bran; BM= malt bagasse; BC= sugarcane bagasse; GL= degrees of freedom. *Significant at 5% probability by F test.