Gerenciamento da qualidade no processo de monitoramento de obras públicas: uma proposta metodológica

Re, Talita Dal’Bosco; Aquere, André Luiz

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Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Gest. Prod. 28 (3) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9649-2021v28e5717 copiar

Gerenciamento da qualidade no processo de monitoramento de obras públicas: uma proposta metodológica

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo:

O artigo apresenta uma proposta metodológica para a melhoria no processo de monitoramento de obras públicas utilizando o gerenciamento da qualidade. Para isso, adota-se como estudo de caso o processo de monitoramento de obra realizado pelo Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento da Educação – FNDE – para as obras do programa Proinfância. Tendo por base a Design Science Research como metodologia, o artigo apresenta as fases de revisão da literatura, mapeamento do processo atual de monitoramento da obra, levantamento e análise dos dados coletados com o processo atual e, por fim, a proposta metodológica para o processo de monitoramento de obra. Como resultado do trabalho, obtém-se um novo fluxo para o processo de monitoramento de obra composto de procedimentos internos, rotinas de trabalho e ferramentas de coletas. A metodologia proposta foi aplicada a 15 obras e os resultados analisados.

Palavras-chave:
Gerenciamento da qualidade; Monitoramento de obras; Proinfância; Mapeamento de processos; Checklist

ID work	County	UF	Item	Phase	Type	Description
8507	Vitório do Mearim	MA	Restrictions	Execution	Execution	Pillars executed in disagreement with the project. The executed columns are smaller than those determined in the project (they are the same thickness as the masonry).
8507	Vitório do Mearim	MA	Nonconformities	Execution	Execution	Beams executed in non-conformity with the project. The beams made are smaller than the design beams (they are the same thickness as the masonry).
8507	Vitório do Mearim	MA	Nonconformities	Execution	Execution	Seals and/or partitions made in non-compliance with the specification. The divisions of the changing rooms and toilets that, according to the project, should be made of granite are made with ceramic brick.
8507	Vitório do Mearim	MA	Nonconformities	Execution	Execution	Masonry executed in non-compliance with the specification. 1) There are window frames without the lintels; 2) The counterweights were not carried out.
8507	Vitório do Mearim	MA	Nonconformities	Execution	Execution	Beams executed in non-conformity with the project. The beams are not executed as determined in projects – inverted.

TYPE B and TYPE C PROINFÂNCIA
Status of the Work	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	Total
Completed	469	365	531	484	959	446	79	69	3,402
Contract	0	1	2	2	7	12	0	3	27
Reformulation	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	1	3
Execution	1	7	20	38	154	188	24	24	456
Unfinished	32	41	76	55	129	134	8	2	477
Bidding	1	1	0	1	14	36	7	15	75
Canceled	12	25	76	45	44	56	7	6	271
Interrupted	0	0	4	13	63	52	9	13	154
Planning by Entity	0	8	1	1	1	5	28	5	49
Total	515	448	710	639	1,371	931	162	138	4,914

Item	Design discipline	Not performed	Performed with noncompliance	Total	%
1.0	Architecture	10,606	21,771	32,377	60.74%
2.0	Structure	1,742	4,542	6,284	11.79%
3.0	Hydraulic Systems
3.1	Storm Water	772	2,393	3,165	5.94%
3.2	Sanitary Sewer	290	637	927	1.74%
3.3	Cold Water	275	518	793	1.49%
3.4	Fire Protection	274	376	650	1.22%
4.0	Electrical Systems
4.1	Lighting Protection	814	1,112	1,926	3.61%
4.2	Power System	414	1,377	1,791	3.36%
4.3	Communication	837	839	1,676	3.14%
5.0	Mechanics
5.1	GLP	649	898	1,547	2.90%
5.2	Ventilation	666	419	1,085	2.04%
5.3	Air-Conditioning	719	360	1,079	2.02%
	Total	18,058	35,242	53,300	100.00%

SERVICE	MODIFICATION OR INCOMPATIBILITY IN RELATION TO THE STANDARD PROJECT	MODIFICATION EVALUATION METHOD	ACTION	IMPACT	PROBABILITY	SEVERITY	PRIORITY
ROOF TILES	CHANGING THE TYPE OF THE SPECIFIED MATERIAL	Not allowed: You must strictly follow the material originally specified.		5	5	25	R
		Ex .: It is not allowed to exchange the clay tile for metallic tile or other material.		5	5	25	R
		• Must be replaced for the material originally specified.	After correction:
			• Overcome restriction.
	CHANGING THE DIMENSIONS OF THE MATERIAL USED (dimensions of parts and roof pitch, etc.)	Allowed:		2	5	10	I2
		Alteration of the dimensions of the tiles specified by approximate dimensions (increase or decrease in the order of 10% of the dimensions originally specified).
		Changes in roof pitch compatible with the requirements of the tile used
		• The permanence of aesthetic characteristics associated with the school's identity must be analyzed.	In case of approval of the solution:
			• Overcome nonconformities.
	COLOR CHANGE OF THE SPECIFIED MATERIAL	Allowed, due to the unavailability of local supply of the material originally specified or the absence of details or ambiguities in the standard project version.		1	5	5	I1
		Allowed:
		• Change in color tone variation (darker or lighter))
		Not allowed		2	5	10	I2
		• Change in color (eg blue by yellow, red by blue).		2	5	10	I2
		• Evaluate colors used according to the allowed range of color variations.	In case of positive evaluation of the change:
			• Overcome nonconformities.
	EXECUTION OF THE SERVICE	The execution of the service must be in accordance with good construction techniques.		2	5	10	I2
		• The risk situation should be signaled, when it effectively affects the security of the building.	After correcting the pointed situation:
			• Overcome nonconformities.

Item	Design discipline	Not performed	Performed with noncompliance	Total	%
1.0	Architecture	15	86	101	54.89%
2.0	Structure	3	32	35	19.02%
3.0	Hydraulic Systems
3.1	Storm Water	2	8	10	5.43%
3.2	Sanitary Sewer	1	2	3	1.63%
3.3	Cold Water	1	5	6	3.26%
3.4	Fire Protection		3	3	1.63%
4.0	Electrical Systems
4.1	Lighting Protection	2	5	7	3.80%
4.2	Power System	1	3	4	2.17%
4.3	Communication		2	2	1.09%
5.0	Mechanics
5.1	GLP	3	2	5	2.72%
5.2	Ventilation	1	3	4	2.17%
5.3	Air Conditioning	2	2	4	2.17%
	Total	31	153	184	100.00%

Item	Design discipline	I1	I2	I3	R	Total	%
1.0	Architecture	47	21	15	18	101	54.89%
2.0	Structure	5	5	8	17	35	19.02%
3.0	Hydraulic Systems
3.1	Storm Water	2	3	2	3	10	5.43%
3.2	Sanitary Sewer	2		1		3	1.63%
3.3	Cold Water	2	1	2	1	6	3.26%
3.4	Fire Protection	1		2		3	1.63%
4.0	Electrical Systems
4.1	Lighting Protection	1	3	2	1	7	3.80%
4.2	Power System	1	2	1		4	2.17%
4.3	Communication	2				2	1.09%
5.0	Mechanics
5.1	GLP		2	2	1	5	2.72%
5.2	Ventilation	2	1	1		4	2.17%
5.3	Air Conditioning	2		2		4	2.17%
	Total	67	38	38	41	184	100.00%

Universidade Federal de São Carlos Departamento de Engenharia de Produção , Caixa Postal 676 , 13.565-905 São Carlos SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 16 3351 8471 - São Carlos - SP - Brazil
E-mail: gp@dep.ufscar.br

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