<i>In vitro</i> sensitivity of potato plants to cadmium exposure

Cadore, Luana da Silva; Bisognin, Dilson Antônio; Mendes, Francielly Baroni; Spanevello, Janaina de Fatima; Librelotto, Jacson Ricardo; Tonetto, Thaíse da Silva

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20210823

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BIOLOGY • Cienc. Rural 54 (2) • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210823 copy

In vitro sensitivity of potato plants to cadmium exposure

Sensibilidade in vitro de plantas de batata expostas ao cádmio

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that is extremely dangerous to human health and can be found naturally in soils, deposited through industrial waste or phosphate fertilization. In this study, we evaluated the morphological responses of in vitro grown plants of potato in the presence of Cd, and define a procedure for assessing Cd sensitivity of different clones. The potato clone SMIJ461-1 was cultured in the presence of Cd at concentrations of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 90, 110, 120, 140, and 160 µM. Survival, rooting, number and height of shoots, leaf and root counts were evaluated at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of cultivation. Adverse effects of Cd on the growth of the potato plants, exerted in a concentration-dependent manner, were observed for shoot height, leaf and root counts. Results of this study indicated that Cd concentrations of 0, 45, 90, and 135 µM can be used for future in vitro evaluation of potato clone sensitivity to Cd exposure.

Key words:
Solanum tuberosum L.; heavy metal; growth; plant micropropagation.

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais , 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil , Tel.: +55 55 3220-8698 , Fax: +55 55 3220-8695 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciarural@mail.ufsm.br

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[1] E-mail: dilson.bisognin@ufsm.br. ^*Corresponding author.

	--Survival (%)--		----Rooting (%)---		-Shoot number-		---Shoot height---		-----Leaf count----		-Root count-
	SM	Fc	SM	Fc	SM	Fc	SM	Fc	SM	Fc	SM	Fc
------------------------------------------------------------At 7 days of in vitro cultivation-------------------------------------------------------------------
[Cd]	0	0^ns	1246.29	8.16^ns	0.11	7.59^ns	0.81	11.39^*	2.96	13.58^*	3.25	5.44^*
Average	100		86.33		0.88		0.76		0.91		2.29
CV (%)	0		14.32		13.81		34.97		51.12		33.8
-------------------------------------------------------------At 14 days of in vitro cultivation-----------------------------------------------------------------
[Cd]	56.94	0.91^ns	337.04	3.79^ns	0.09	2.89^ns	5.90	20.73^*	6.95	17.22^*	2.75	4.71^*
Average	98.5		94.33		0.95		3.02		4.20		3.92
CV (%)	8.03		9.99		12.24		17.65		15.11		19.47
-------------------------------------------------------------At 21 days of in vitro cultivation-----------------------------------------------------------------
[Cd]	114.35	1.79 ^ns	255.58	2.88^ns	0.28	1.59^ns	8.86	14.39^*	6.17	12.56^*	2.79	9.26^*
Average	97.83		95.33		0.97		4.57		5.96		4.25
CV (%)	8.17		9.89		13.79		17.18		11.76		12.91
--------------------------------------------------------------At 28 days of in vitro cultivation----------------------------------------------------------------
[Cd]	265.95	3.47^ns	255.250	2.87^ns	0.02	1.10^ns	10.44	13.19^*	10.65	10.13^*	4.38	9.79^*
Average	95.82		95.32		0.96		5.71		7.32		4.69
CV (%)	9.13		9.90		15.68		15.56		14.00		14.25