Nutritional plans and ambient temperature on the growth curves of Japanese quails

Barros Júnior, Romilton Ferreira de; Silva, João Pedro Sabino de Souza; Felix, Tamires Marcelino da Silva; Lima, Mário César de; Jordão Filho, José; Pascoal, Leonardo Augusto Fonseca; Silva, José Humberto Vilar da

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20220204

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ANIMAL PRODUCTION • Cienc. Rural 54 (2) • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220204 copy

Nutritional plans and ambient temperature on the growth curves of Japanese quails

Planos nutricionais e temperatura ambiente nas curvas de crescimento de codornas japonesas

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

This study estimated the growth of body, carcass, primal cuts, edible offal, and feathers of Japanese quail reared in two thermal environments, receiving three nutritional plans, from one to 39 days of age. A total of 576 one-day-old female chicks (Coturnix japonica) with an average initial weight of 7.51±0.75g/bird were evaluated in a completely randomized design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement (three nutritional plans × two temperatures). The animals were housed in two climatic chambers, at 25 ºC and 35 ºC, using 12 replications with eight birds per experimental unit. Nutritional plans (NP) were as follows: NP1: one diet from 1-21days and another from 22-39 days; NP2: one diet from 1-14 days and another from 15-39 days; and NP3: a single diet from 1-39 days. The growth curves and growth rates of body, carcass, primal cuts, feathers, and edible offal were evaluated using the Gompertz mathematical model. Quail fed NP3 showed higher growth curves and rates for body, carcass, drumstick +thigh, and feather. There was an effect on maturity rate, which was lowest in quail housed at 35 ºC. Among the animals kept at 25 ºC, the group fed NP3 exhibited the highest growth rate and breast weight. The nutritional plan consisting of a single diet offered from 1 to 39 days, formulated based on the tables for Japanese and European quail, is the most suitable for estimating the growth curves (Gompertz model) of Japanese quail housed at 25 ºC or 35 ºC.

Key words:
ambience; body weight; growth rate; quail farming

Plan	---------Wm (g)--------			--------b (g/day)---------		-----------t^* (days)-------				---------------p-value-----------
	25 ºC	35 ºC	25 ºC	35 ºC	25 ºC	35 ºC		NP	T	NP×T
	----------------------------------------------Heart---------------------------------------
NP1	1.80	1.53	0.085	0.073	15.09	14.25	Wm	0.682	0.101	0.190
NP2	1.80	1.63	0.083^a	0.062^b	14.63	15.03	b	0.526	0.045	0.197
NP3	1.96	1.50	0.073	0.074	15.66	12.60	t^*	0.648	0.088	0.115
SEM	0.135		0.009		1.335
	-------------------------------------------Gizzard---------------------------------------
NP1	3.73^a	3.00^b	0.085	0.083	9.52^a	6.44^b	Wm	0.979	0.001	0.118
NP2	3.40	3.00	0.098	0.082	8.40	7.22	b	0.341	0.384	0.372
NP3	3.43	3.03	0.100	0.084	8.06	6.97	t^*	0.888	0.004	0.109
SEM	0.279			0.202		1.273
	--------------------------------------------Liver-----------------------------------------
NP1	8.00^aA	5.40^b	0.057^B	0.055	21.60^A	21.01	Wm	0.001	0.001	0.103
NP2	5.47^B	5.10	0.091^aA	0.065^b	15.71^B	18.51	b	0.001	0.020	0.104
NP3	6.47^B	5.57	0.060^B	0.064	18.69^A	19.33	t^*	0.002	0.221	0.207
SEM	---------0.452----------		-----------0.006----------		-----------1.569----------

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais , 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil , Tel.: +55 55 3220-8698 , Fax: +55 55 3220-8695 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciarural@mail.ufsm.br

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[1] E-mail: romilton_2006@hotmail.com. ^*Corresponding author

Ingredient	-------------------NP1------------------		-------------------NP2--------------		NP3
	1 to 21 days	21 to 39 days	1 to 14 days	15 to 39 days	1 to 39 days
Grain corn	54.568	59.272	56.267	58.753	56.809
Soybean meal 46%	39.647	34.841	36.280	36.577	38.758
Meat and bone meal	3.726	1.295	5.725	1.968	0.000
Soybean oil	0.294	2.083	0.000	0.000	1.269
Dicalcium phosphate	0.000	0.640	0.501	1.132	1.050
Calcitic limestone	0.692	0.807	0.394	0.680	1.046
Common salt	0.477	0.520	0.353	0.442	0.543
DL-methionine	0.148	0.145	0.104	0.074	0.149
L-lysine	0.074	0.021	0.000	0.000	0.000
Choline chloride	0.150	0.150	0.150	0.150	0.150
Vitamin supplement¹	0.150	0.150	0.150	0.150	0.150
Mineral supplement²	0.050	0.050	0.050	0.050	0.050
Zinc bacitracin	0.010	0.010	0.010	0.010	0.010
Anticoccidial agent	0.005	0.005	0.005	0.005	0.005
Antioxidant	0.010	0.010	0.010	0.010	0.010
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------Nutritional composition-----------------------------------------------------------------
Metabolizable energy (kcal/kg)	2,900	3,050	2,900	2,900	2,950
Crude protein (%)	25.00	22.00	24.40	23.00	23.00
Dig. lysine (%)	1.250	1.050	1.095	1.034	1.104
Dig. methionine + cystine (%)	0.800	0.740	0.740	0.693	0.770
Dig. methionine (%)	0.487	0.451	0.436	0.394	0.469
Calcium (%)	0.850	0.750	1.092	0.911	0.800
Available phosphorus (%)	0.320	0.300	0.513	0.428	0.310
Sodium (%)	0.240	0.240	0.205	0.214	0.240
EB³, mEq/kg	238.26	212.43	229.53	221.91	224.77

Plan	-----------Wm (g)------------		---------b (g/day)--------		----------t^* (days)-------			--------------p-value--------------
	25 ºC	35 ºC	25 ºC	35 ºC	25 ºC	35 ºC		NP	T	NP×T
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Body weight----------------------------------------------------------------------------
NP1	230.20	231.20^A	0.058^a	0.052^b	20.21^b	21.55^a	Wm	0.092	0.022	0.014
NP2	235.20^a	213.50^bB	0.057^a	0.055^b	20.47	20.25	b	0.375	0.001	0.054
NP3	237.60	229.60^A	0.057^a	0.053^b	20.76	21.50	t^*	0.075	0.009	0.021
SEM	6.60		0.001		0.520
---------------------------------------------------------------------------Feathers-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NP1	7.83^a	7.60^b	0.163	0.172	9.05^a	8.97^b	Wm	0.626	0.047	0.452
NP2	8.00^a	7.26^b	0.152	0.168	10.33^a	9.12^b	b	0.710	0.310	0.956
NP3	7.97^a	7.73^b	0.152	0.162	10.31^a	9.59^b	t^*	0.067	0.049	0.355
SEM	------------0.383-------------		-----------0.022----------		-----------0.649----------

Plan	------------Wm (g)-----------		-------b (g/day)--------		----------t^* (days)----------			---------------p-value-------------
	25 ºC	35 ºC	25 ºC	35 ºC	25 ºC	35 ºC		NP	T	NP×T
	----------------------------------------------Carcass------------------------------------------
NP1	109.93^aB	88.63^bB	0.090^b	0.105^a	15.31^aB	13.09^b	Wm	0.001	0.001	0.065
NP2	117.90^aA	92.40^bA	0.085^b	0.100^a	16.34^aA	13.94^b	b	0.051	0.001	0.754
NP3	120.80^aA	92.63^bA	0.082^b	0.099^a	16.83^aA	13.88^b	t^*	0.001	0.001	0.198
SEM	2.27		0.004		0.339
	-----------------------------------------------Breast-------------------------------------------
NP1	37.57^a	32.03^b	0.095	0.102	16.50	15.01	Wm	0.113	0.001	0.167
NP2	40.70^a	32.57^b	0.090^b	0.105^a	17.68^a	15.65^b	b	0.054	0.001	0.204
NP3	38.20^a	30.33^b	0.096^b	0.116^a	16.82^a	14.49^b	t^*	0.051	0.001	0.566
SEM	1.212		0.005		0.675
	------------------------------------Drumstick + Thigh---------------------------------------
NP1	23.43^a	19.93^bB	0.101^b	0.113^a	13.55^a	12.04^bB	Wm	0.023	0.001	0.325
NP2	24.56^a	21.66^bAB	0.093^b	0.103^a	14.65^a	13.42^bAB	b	0.054	0.026	0.391
NP3	24.17	22.33^A	0.097	0.099	14.35	13.60^A	t^*	0.004	0.001	0.514
SEM	------------0.930-------------		--------0.006------------		-----------0.571------------