MOTIVATION FOR CHANGE IN ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION: BRIEF INTERVENTION AS A MOTIVATIONAL STRATEGY

Lima, Nicole Teixeira Xavier; Lopes, Milena Riêra; Souza, Maria José Silva; Reis, Ilka Afonso; Reinaldo, Amanda Márcia dos Santos; Rabelo, Juliana Lemos; Soares, Janaina

doi:10.5380/ce.v27i0.87709

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Cogitare Enferm. 27 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.5380/ce.v27i0.87709 copy

MOTIVATION FOR CHANGE IN ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION: BRIEF INTERVENTION AS A MOTIVATIONAL STRATEGY

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

to analyze the effect of brief intervention on motivation to change alcohol consumption.

Method:

experimental, follow-up study, conducted with 43 participants in two Basic Health Units. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, the Change Readiness Ruler, and a socioeconomic questionnaire were applied.

Results:

The experimental group showed a median equal to 10 points (maintenance stage) at the beginning and after 30 days. In the segment, the median was equal to eight points (action stage). The control group had a median equal to eight points at the beginning and after 30 days (action stage). In the segment, median equal to seven points (planning stage). In the 30-day intermediate evaluation, it was noted that there was a statistical difference in motivation between the two groups (p=0.029).

Conclusion:

it was concluded that the Brief Intervention was effective in maintaining motivation in the stages of action and maintenance of change in the consumption of alcoholic drinks.

DESCRIPTORS:
Motivation; Primary Health Care; Alcoholism; Brief Interventions; Behavior.

Variables	Control n=21(%)	Experimental n=23(%)
Gender
Male	9 (42.9%)	6 (72.7)
Female	12 (57.1)	6 (27.3)
Color/Race
Brown	9 (42.8)	14 (63.6)
Black	8 (38.1)	5 (22.7)
White	2 (9.5)	2 (9.1)
Undeclared	1 (4.8)	1 (4.5)
Indigenous	1 (4.8)	0
Marital Status
Married	5 (23.8)	12 (54.5)
Single	9 (42.9)	5 (22.7)
Married	5 (23.8)	3 (13.6)
Divorced/Separated	2 (9.5)	0
Widow/Widower	0	2 (9.1)
Religion
Catholic	7 (33.3)	9 (40.9)
Evangelical	9 (42.9)	6 (27.3)
None/Agnostic/Declared	5 (23.8)	3 (13.6)
Spiritualism and derivatives	0	3 (13.6)
Christian unspecified	0	1 (4.5)
Education
Illiterate	0	1 (4.5)
Elementary School incomplete	8 (38.1)	8 (36.4)
Elementary School complete	4 (19.0)	3 (13.6)
High School incomplete	1 (4.8)	3 (13.6)
High School complete	6 (28.6)	5 (22.7)
Incomplete Higher education	1 (4.8)	0
Complete Higher education	0	2 (9.1)
Outros	1 (4.8)	0
Occupation
Formal employment	8 (38.1)	5 (22.7)
Informal employment	5 (23.8)	6 (27.3)
Retired	2 (9.5)	8 (36.4)
None	5 (23.8)	2 (9.1)
Student	1 (4.8)	1 (4.5)
Mental disorder
No	18 (85.7)	17 (77.3)
Yes	3 (14.3)	5 (22.7)
Treatment for Mental Disorder
No	20 (95.2)	18 (81.8)
Yes	1 (4.8)	4 (18.2)
Type of Mental Disorder
None	18 (81.7)	17 (77.3)
Anxiety	2 (9.5)	1 (4.5)
Other/Unspecified	1 (4.8)	2 (9.1)
Depression	0	2 (9.1)
Physical Activity
No	16 (76.2)	13 (59.1)
Yes	5 (23.1)	9 (40.9)
Type of physical activity
None	16 (76.2)	13 (59.1)
More than one type	1 (4.8)	4 (18.2)
Walking/Running	1 (4.8)	2 (9.1)
Sports	1 (4.8)	1 (4.5)
Gym	1 (4.8)	1 (4.5)
Other	1 (4.8)	1 (4.5)
Type of physical activity
None	21 (100.0)	19 (86.4)
More than one type	0	3 (13.6)
Walking/Running
Sports	21 (100.0)	19 (86.4)
Gym	0	2 (9.1)
Other	0	1 (4.5)
Frequency of use
None	21 (100.0)	20 (90.9)
Daily	0	1 (4.5)
Monthly	0	1 (4.5)
Tobacco use
No	17 (81.0)	15 (68.2)
Yes	4 (19.0)	7 (31.8)
Frequency of use
None	17 (80.9)	15 (68.2)
Daily	3 (14.3)	4 (18.2)
Not identified	1 (4.8)	2 (9.1)
Monthly	0	1 (4.5)
Use of alcohol in the last 30 days
Weekly	12 (57.1)	12 (54.5)
Monthly	5 (23.8)	4 (18.2)
None	3 (14.3)	3 (13.6)
Daily	1 (4.8)	3 (13.6)

Variable		Contemplation n (%)	Planning n (%)	Action n (%)	Maintenance n (%)		P
Participants
General	2 (4.6)	1 (2.3)	4 (9.3)	13 (30.2)	23 (53.5)
Group							0.625
Experimental	0	0	2 (9.1)	7 (31.8)	13 (59.1)
Control	2 (9.5)	1 (4.8)	2 (9.5)	6 (28.6)	10 (47.6)
Age							0.662
18-29	1 (11.1)	0	1 (11.1)	5 (55.6)	2 (22.2)
30-39	0	0	1 (10)	3 (30)	6 (60)
40-49	0	0	1 (12.5)	2 (25)	5 (62.5)
≥50	1 (6.2)	1 (6.2)	1 (6.2)	2 (18.8)	10 (62.5)
Sex							0.524
Male	0	1 (4)	3 (12)	8 (32)	13 (52)
Female	2 (11.1)	0	1 (5.6)	5 (27.8)	10 (55.6%)
Color/Race							0.335
Brown	0	1 (4.3)	1 (4.3)	9 (39.1)	12 (52.2)
Black	2 (15.4)	0	3 (23.1)	2 (15.4)	6 (46.2)
White	0	0	0	2 (50)	2 (50)
Indigenous	0	0	0	0	1 (100)
Marital Status						0.517
Married	1 (5.9)	0	1 (5.9)	5 (29.4)	10 (58.8)
Single	1 (7.1)	0	2 (14.3)	5 (35.7)	6 (42.9)
Married	0	1 (12.5)	0	1 (12.5)	6 (75)
Separated/Divorced	0	0	1 (50)	1 (50)	0
Widowed	0	0	0	1 (50)	1 (50)
Religion							0.371
Catholic	1 (6.2)	1 (6.2)	0	6 (37.5)	8 (50)
Evangelical	1 (6.7)	0	1 (6.7)	4 (26.7)	9 (60)
None/ Did not declare	0	0	2 (25)	3 (37.5)	3 (37.5)
Spiritualist and others	0	0	0	0	3 (100)
Christian Unspecified	0	0	1 (100)	0	0
Education						0.479
Illiterate	0	0	0	0	1 (100)
Elementary School Incomplete	1 (6.2)	0	0	6 (37.5)	9 (56.2)
Elementary School Complete	0	0	1 (14.3)	2 (28.6)	4 (57.1)
High School Incomplete	0	0	0	3 (75)	1 (25)
High School Complete	1 (9.1)	1 (9.1)	2 (18.2)	1 (9.1)	6 (54.5)
Incomplete Higher School	0	0	0	0	1 (100)
Complete Higher School	0	0	0	1 (50)	1 (50)
Other	0	0	1 (100)	0	0
Occupation							0.022
Formal Employment	1 (7.7)	0	3 (23.1)	4 (30.8)	5 (38.5)
Informal Employment	0	0	0	4 (36.4)	7 (63.6)
None	1 (14.3)	0	1 (14.3)	4 (57.1)	1 (14.3)
Student	0	0	0	1 (50)	1 (50)
Retired	0	1 (10)	0	0	9 (90)
Family Income						0.712
E	1 (3.7)	0	3 (11.1)	9 (33.3)	14 (51.9)
D	0	1 (9.1)	1 (9.1)	3 (27.3)	6 (54.5)
C	1 (33.3)	0	0	1 (33.3)	1 (33.3)
Do not Have	0	0	0	0	1 (100)
Do not Know	0	0	0	0	1 (100)
Health Treatment						0.334
None	0	0	1 (9.1)	6 (54.5)	4 (36.4)
More than one problem	1 (11.1)	0	0	2 (2.22)	6 (66.7)
Others	0	1 (14.3)	0	2 (18.6)	4 (57.1)
Hypertension	0	0	1 (20)	0	4 (80)
Diabetes Mellitus	0	0	0	0	1 (100)
Mental Disorder						0.010^*
No	2 (5.7)	1 (2.9)	4 (11.4)	13 (17.1)	15 (42.9)
Yes	0	0	0	0	8 (100)
Mental Disorder Treatment						0.358
No	2 (4.7)	1 (2.3)	4 (9.3)	13 (30.2)	18 (53.5)
Yes	0	0	0	0	5 (100)
Type of Mental Disorder						0.644
None	2 (5.7)	1 (2.7)	4 (11.4)	13 (37.1)	15 (42.9)
Anxiety	0	0	0	0	3 (100)
Other/Unspecified	0	0	0	0	3 (100)
Depression	0	0	0	0	2 (100)
Physical Activity							0.768
No	1 (3.4)	1 (3.4)	2 (6.9)	10 (34.5)	15 (51.7)
Yes	1 (7.1)	0	2 (14.3)	3 (21.4)	8 (57.1)
Type of Physical Activity						0.639
None	1 (3.4)	1 (3.4)	2 (6.9)	10 (34.5)	15 (51.7)
More than one type	0	0	2 (40)	1 (20)	2 (40)
Walking/Running	0	0	0	1 (33.3)	2 (66.7)
Sports	0	0	0	1 (50)	1 (50)
Gym	1 (50)	0	0	0	1 (50)
Other	0	0	0	0	2 (100)
Type of Drug						0.215
None	2 (5)	1 (2.5)	3 (7.5)	11 (27.5)	23 (57.5)
Marijuana	0	0	0	1 (100)	0
Marijuana and Cocaine	0	0	1 (50)	1 (50)	0
Frequency of use						0.2
None	2 (4.9)	1 (2.4)	3 (7.3)	12 (29.3)	23 (56.1)
Daily	0	0	0	1 (100)	0
Monthly	0	0	1 (100)	0	0
Use of tobacco						0.259
No	2 (6.2)	0	2 (6.2)	11 (34.4)	17 (53.1)
Yes	0	1 (9.1)	2 (18.2)	2 (18.2)	6 (53.5)
Frequency of Use						0.113
None	2 (6.2)	0	2 (6.2)	11 (34.4)	7 (53.1)
Daily	0	1 (14.3)	1 (14.3)	1 (14.3)	4 (57.1)
Monthly	0	0	1 (100)	0	0
Use of alcohol in the month						0.646
Weekly	2 (8.3)	0	3 (12.5)	7 (29.2)	12 (50)
Monthly	0	0	1 (11.1)	4 (44.4)	4 (44.4)
None	0	1 (16.7)	0	2 (33.3)	3 (50)
Daily	0	0	0	0	4 (100)
Type of Beverages Consumed						0.655
Not Specified	2 (8.3)	0	3 (12.5)	6 (25)	13 (54.2)
Beer	0	0	1 (11.1)	4 (4.44)	4 (4.44)
None	0	1 (16.7)	0	2 (33.3)	3 (50)
Distilled spirits	0	0	0	0	3 (100)
Liquor	0	0	0	1 (100)	0

Group	Time	Median RPM (IQ)	Median differences from the initial time (IQ)	p^* * intragroup comparison (paired Wilcoxon test)	p^ intergroup comparison (Kruskal-Wallis’s test)
Experimental	Initial	10 (8; 10)	---	---	0.281
	30 days	10 (8.25;10)	0 (0; 0)	0.579	0.029
	90 days	8 (7; 10)	-0.5 (-3; 0)	0.236	0.059
Control	Initial	8 (7; 10)	---	---	---
	30 days	8 (5; 10)	0 (-1; 0)	0.617	---
	90 days	7 (3; 8)	-1 (-7; 0)	0.08	---

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[1] Role of Authors:

Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work - Lima NTX, Lopes MR, Souza MJS, Reis IF, Reinaldo AM dos S, Rabelo JL, Soares, J; Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content - Lima NTX, Lopes MR, Souza MJS, Reis IF, Reinaldo AM dos S, Rabelo JL, Soares, J; Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved - Soares, J. All authors approved the final version of the text.