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NURSING CONSULTATION TEACHING IN NURSES’ TRAINING: A BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY

ABSTRACT

Objective

to identify the Brazilian scientific production about Nursing consultation teaching in nurses’ training.

Method

a descriptive study of a bibliometric nature conducted in the portal of Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde and in PubMed from April to May 2021, with the following inclusion criteria: full articles, in Portuguese or English, published from 2009 to 2020.

Results

a total of 13 studies were identified, of which four were published in a B2 journal from the Northeast region, although with predominance of papers from the South region (38.46%), with the experience report type standing out. The most frequently observed themes were related to the teaching methodologies, especially the active ones with use of technological tools. “Nursing consultation” was not found to be one of the most frequent keywords.

Conclusion

by verifying the incipience of the production on the theme, this study provides subsidies for expanding this knowledge area, reverberating in improvements in Nursing consultation teaching and in nurses’ training.

DESCRIPTORS:
Education in Nursing; Teaching: Nursing in the Office; Bibliometrics; Nursing.

RESUMO

Objetivo

identificar a produção científica brasileira acerca do ensino da consulta de enfermagem na formação do enfermeiro.

Método

estudo descritivo de natureza bibliométrica, realizado no portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e na PubMed, de abril a maio de 2021, tendo como critérios de inclusão: artigos completos, em português ou inglês, publicados de 2009 a 2020.

Resultados

identificaram-se 13 estudos, sendo quatro publicados em um periódico B2 da região do Nordeste, contudo, oriundos predominantemente da Região Sul (38,46%), destacando-se os do tipo relato de experiência. As temáticas mais observadas relacionavam-se às metodologias de ensino, sobretudo, as ativas e com uso de ferramentas tecnológicas. A consulta de enfermagem não foi revelada como uma das palavras-chave mais frequentes.

Conclusão

ao constatar a incipiência da produção relativa à temática, este estudo fornece subsídios para ampliação desta área do conhecimento, reverberando em melhorias no ensino da consulta de enfermagem e na formação do enfermeiro.

DESCRITORES:
Educação em Enfermagem; Ensino; Enfermagem no consultório; Bibliometria; Enfermagem

RESUMEN

Objetivo

identificar la producción científica de Brasil sobre la enseñanza de la Consulta de Enfermería en la formación de enfermeros.

Método

estudio descriptivo de carácter bibliométrico realizado en el portal de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud y en PubMed de abril a mayo de 2021, con los siguientes criterios de inclusión: artículos completos, en portugués o inglés y publicados entre 2009 y 2020.

Resultados

se identificaron 13 estudios, publicados en una revista académica B2 de la región Noreste, aunque predominantemente provenientes de la región Sur (38,46%), destacándose los del tipo informe de experiencia. Las temáticas más observadas estuvieron relacionadas con las metodologías de enseñanza, especialmente las activas y con utilización de herramientas tecnológicas. “Consulta de Enfermería” no figuró entre las palabras clave más frecuentes.

Conclusión

al constatar el carácter incipiente de la producción sobre la temática, este estudio proporciona puntos de apoyo para ampliar esta área del conocimiento, con repercusiones en mejoras en la enseñanza de la Consulta de Enfermería y en la formación de enfermeros.

DESCRIPTORES:
Educación en Enfermería; Enseñanza; Enfermería en el Consultorio; Bibliometría; Enfermería.

INTRODUCTION

The essence of Nursing is based on care and interpersonal relationships and is materialized in different environments from multiple interactions permeating uncertainty, variability, the unexpected and the unpredictable101 Queirós PJP. Da prática baseada em evidências à prática baseada em valores. Rev. Baiana Enferm. [Internet]. 2018 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]; 32. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.18471/rbe.v32.26330.
https://doi.org/10.18471/rbe.v32.26330...
. Thus, the Nursing practice involves action, reaction, interaction and transaction between groups and individuals in a given social system that aims at achieving health goals and, in order to be efficient, a work methodology based on a scientific method is necessary202 Santos ECG dos, Almeida YS de, Hipólito RL, Oliveira PVN de. Proceso de Enfermería de Wanda Horta - Retrato de la obra y reflexiones. Temperamentvm. [Internet]. 2019 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]; 15. Disponível em: https://ciberindex.com/index.php/t/article/view/e12520.
https://ciberindex.com/index.php/t/artic...
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However, although scientific knowledge in Nursing has a different origin, clinical action is where it takes place and is structured, as it is characterized by practical-reflective rationality, not in a linear way but in dynamically and continuously, like a spiral, since it is from prior knowledge that understanding is elaborated leading to interpretation and, consequently, to a new understanding/action, reverberating in a knowledge specific to the field of Nursing that differs from other disciplinary types of knowledge101 Queirós PJP. Da prática baseada em evidências à prática baseada em valores. Rev. Baiana Enferm. [Internet]. 2018 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]; 32. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.18471/rbe.v32.26330.
https://doi.org/10.18471/rbe.v32.26330...
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In this context, the Nursing Process (NP) stands out, characterized by the dynamics of systematized and interrelated actions aiming at assistance and care for human beings202 Santos ECG dos, Almeida YS de, Hipólito RL, Oliveira PVN de. Proceso de Enfermería de Wanda Horta - Retrato de la obra y reflexiones. Temperamentvm. [Internet]. 2019 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]; 15. Disponível em: https://ciberindex.com/index.php/t/article/view/e12520.
https://ciberindex.com/index.php/t/artic...
. From this perspective, the NP is a methodological instrument that guides care and the documentation of the professional practice303 Argenta C, Adamy EK, Bitencourt JVOV. Processo de enfermagem: história e teoria. Chapecó: UFFS Editora; 2020..

According to Resolution No. 358 of the Federal Nursing Council (Conselho Federal de Enfermagem, COFEN), the Nursing Process must be carried out systematically and deliberately in all environments where professional Nursing care exists and when performed in institutions that provide outpatient health services, in homes and in schools, corresponding to the Nursing Consultation (NC)404 Conselho Federal de Enfermagem. Resolução nº 358, de 15 de outubro de 2009. Dispõe sobre a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem e implementação do Processo de Enfermagem em ambientes, públicos ou privados, em que ocorre o cuidado profissional de Enfermagem, e dá outras providências. [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro: COFEN; 2009 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]. Disponível em: http://www.cofen.gov.br/resoluo-cofen-3582009_4384.html.
http://www.cofen.gov.br/resoluo-cofen-35...
. In turn, this should be guided by the principle of integrality and by evidence-based practice, enabling a systematized performance capable of contributing to improving the quality of the assistance provided505 Ribeiro GC, Pereira EG, Padoveze MC. Sistematização da assistência de enfermagem na APS no contexto brasileiro. In: Fracolli LA, Padoveze MC, Soares CB, organizadores. Tecnologias da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem a Famílias na Atenção Primária à Saúde. São Paulo: EEUSP, 2020 [acesso em 10 jul. 2021]. Disponível em: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344954843_Sistematizacao_da_assistencia_de_enfermagem_na_APS_no_contexto_brasileiro.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication...
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In this vein, the Nursing consultation represents a resolute technological care strategy, supported by law, exclusive for nurses, and which results in benefits in the assistance provided, favoring health promotion, early diagnosis and treatment, in addition to the prevention of avoidable situations606 Lima SGS e, Spagnolo RS, Juliani CMCM, Silva L, Fernandes VC, Martin LB. Consulta de Enfermagem na Atenção Primária à Saúde: Revisão Integrativa. Ens. Ciênc. [Internet]. 2020 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]; 24(5). Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2020v24n5-esp.p693-702.
https://doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2020v...
-707 Brasil. Lei n. 7.498, de 25 de junho de 1986. Dispõe sobre a regulamentação do exercício da enfermagem, e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial da República Federativa do Brasil, [Internet]. 26 jun. 1986. [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]. Disponível em: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/l7498.htm.
http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/lei...
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Historically, the interviews conducted by nurses in 1920 are considered the precursors of the Nursing consultation, which was named as such in 1968808 Azevedo MVC, Torres RC, Teles W de S, Silva MC da, Barros AMMS, Silva MHS, et al. A consulta de enfermagem na estratégia de saúde da família. Braz. J. Health Review. [Internet]. 2021 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]; 4(3): 13461-79. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv4n3-293.
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv4n3-293...
. It is noted that regulation of the NC in Brazil was through Law No. 7.498/86707 Brasil. Lei n. 7.498, de 25 de junho de 1986. Dispõe sobre a regulamentação do exercício da enfermagem, e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial da República Federativa do Brasil, [Internet]. 26 jun. 1986. [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]. Disponível em: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/l7498.htm.
http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/lei...
and Decree No. 94,406/87909 Brasil. Decreto nº 94.406, de 08 de junho de 1987. Regulamenta a Lei nº 7.498, de 25 de junho de 1986, que dispõe sobre o exercício da Enfermagem, e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial da República Federativa do Brasil, [Internet]. 09 jun. 1987 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]. Disponível em: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/decreto/1980-1989/d94406.htm.
http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/dec...
. However, in 1993, COFEN Resolution No. 159 recommended the compulsory character of the NC while developing Nursing care at all health care levels1010 Conselho Federal de Enfermagem. Resolução n. 193, 19 abril 1993. Dispõe sobre a consulta de Enfermagem. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. 1993 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]. Disponível em: http://www.cofen.gov.br/resoluo-cofen-1591993_4241.html.
http://www.cofen.gov.br/resoluo-cofen-15...
. Such normative was revoked in 2017 by COFEN Resolution No. 5441111 Conselho Federal de Enfermagem. Resolução n. 544, de 9 maio 2017. Revoga a Resolução Cofen nº 159/1993, que dispõe sobre a consulta de Enfermagem. Diário Oficial da União, [Internet]. 2017 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]. Disponível em: http://www.cofen.gov.br/resolucao-cofen-no-05442017_52029.html.
http://www.cofen.gov.br/resolucao-cofen-...
. However, the Nursing consultation is dealt with in COFEN Resolution No. 358, still in force, which provides for the Systematization of Nursing Care and the implementation of the Nursing Process404 Conselho Federal de Enfermagem. Resolução nº 358, de 15 de outubro de 2009. Dispõe sobre a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem e implementação do Processo de Enfermagem em ambientes, públicos ou privados, em que ocorre o cuidado profissional de Enfermagem, e dá outras providências. [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro: COFEN; 2009 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]. Disponível em: http://www.cofen.gov.br/resoluo-cofen-3582009_4384.html.
http://www.cofen.gov.br/resoluo-cofen-35...
.

It is noted that Nursing consultations favor nurses’ work, contemplating the Nursing Process stages202 Santos ECG dos, Almeida YS de, Hipólito RL, Oliveira PVN de. Proceso de Enfermería de Wanda Horta - Retrato de la obra y reflexiones. Temperamentvm. [Internet]. 2019 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]; 15. Disponível em: https://ciberindex.com/index.php/t/article/view/e12520.
https://ciberindex.com/index.php/t/artic...
,404 Conselho Federal de Enfermagem. Resolução nº 358, de 15 de outubro de 2009. Dispõe sobre a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem e implementação do Processo de Enfermagem em ambientes, públicos ou privados, em que ocorre o cuidado profissional de Enfermagem, e dá outras providências. [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro: COFEN; 2009 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]. Disponível em: http://www.cofen.gov.br/resoluo-cofen-3582009_4384.html.
http://www.cofen.gov.br/resoluo-cofen-35...
. COFEN recognized these stages in 2009, which consist in data collection or Nursing history, diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation404 Conselho Federal de Enfermagem. Resolução nº 358, de 15 de outubro de 2009. Dispõe sobre a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem e implementação do Processo de Enfermagem em ambientes, públicos ou privados, em que ocorre o cuidado profissional de Enfermagem, e dá outras providências. [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro: COFEN; 2009 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]. Disponível em: http://www.cofen.gov.br/resoluo-cofen-3582009_4384.html.
http://www.cofen.gov.br/resoluo-cofen-35...
. Thus, the NC must be guided by the Systematization of Nursing Care (SNC), which organizes professional work in terms of method, personnel and instruments, making it possible to operationalize the Nursing Process, resulting in adequate, individualized and effective Nursing care1212 Dias TG, Rosa CK, Menezes AC de, Andrade SN, Oliveira F. Sistematização da assistência e processo de enfermagem na saúde da família: percepção de enfermeiros. J. Nurs. Health. [Internet]. 2022 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]; 12(1). Disponível em: https://periodicos.ufpel.edu.br/ojs2/index.php/enfermagem/article/view/20794/14117.
https://periodicos.ufpel.edu.br/ojs2/ind...
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Therefore, the NC represents an effective strategy for achieving the nurses’ responsibility to facilitate, enhance and restore human beings’ ability to take care of themselves, envisioning independence from other systems, thus leading individuals to an ecological understanding necessary for the care to be provided101 Queirós PJP. Da prática baseada em evidências à prática baseada em valores. Rev. Baiana Enferm. [Internet]. 2018 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]; 32. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.18471/rbe.v32.26330.
https://doi.org/10.18471/rbe.v32.26330...
. However, for this to happen, NCs require theoretical-practical articulation, emerging as one of the specific and systematic pillars of nurses’ training.

Given the importance of Nursing consultations, and for considering the prevailing training process for their critical, reflective and assertive performance, the following research question is formulated: Which is the Brazilian scientific production on Nursing consultation teaching in nurses’ training since 2009? Given the above, the objective of this study is to identify the Brazilian scientific production about Nursing consultation teaching in nurses’ training.

This research is justified due to the lack of studies on the theme and it is expected, based on its findings, to contribute to strengthening NC teaching in undergraduate Nursing courses, as well as to expand dissemination of the theme and raise reflections on the Nursing Consultation teaching process in Brazil.

METHOD

This is a descriptive research study with a quantitative approach and of a bibliometric nature, aiming to help identify trends in the expansion of knowledge in a given discipline, dispersion and obsolescence of scientific fields, authors and more productive institutions, in addition to highlighting the journals most used in the dissemination of research studies in a given knowledge area1313 Alves HLC, Lima G de S, Albuquerque GA, Gomes EB, Cavalcante EGR, Viana MCA. Uso das teorias de enfermagem nas teses brasileiras: estudo bibliométrico. Cogitare Enferm. [Internet]. 2021 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]. Disponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/ce.v26i0.71743.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/ce.v26i0.71743...
.

This study followed five stages: definition of the research objective, design of the protocol, data collection, analysis, and synthesis with presentation of the results. The topic was defined in the first stage, in addition to elaborating the research objective and guiding question, already presented in the Introduction.

In the second stage (Figure 1), called “research protocol”, an exploratory search for articles on the theme was initially carried out to identify possible descriptors, with selection of the most frequent which were subsequently verified in DeCS/MeSH, with the purpose of determining if the definition was adequate to the study proposed.

In view of the need to use the most reliable and robust definition, the alternative terms “Formação Profissional em Saúde” and “Consulta de Enfermagem” were used for “Capacitação de Recursos Humanos em Saúde” and “Enfermagem no Consultório”, respectively. Subsequently, the descriptors in English were validated through a search in DeCS/MeSH and in the body of articles already published; subsequently, the search strategies were defined, as well as the data sources, using the BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde) portal, which integrates multiple information sources and comprises several databases, such as LILACS, MEDLINE and BDENF, among others. In addition to that, the PubMed database was also used, which enables access to the MEDLINE biomedical literature, to Life Sciences journals and to online books.

The search strategy was outlined based on the combination of the descriptors with the OR and AND Boolean operators, resulting in a restricted strategy, as presented in Figure 1.

Figure 1
Research protocol - Definition of the descriptors and search strategies. Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, 2021

In the third stage (Figure 2), called “data collection”, a search was carried out in BVS and PubMed from April to May 2021, having the following as inclusion criteria: full articles, in Portuguese or English, and published from 2009 to 2020. The time frame took into account the year in which COFEN Resolution No. 358/2009404 Conselho Federal de Enfermagem. Resolução nº 358, de 15 de outubro de 2009. Dispõe sobre a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem e implementação do Processo de Enfermagem em ambientes, públicos ou privados, em que ocorre o cuidado profissional de Enfermagem, e dá outras providências. [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro: COFEN; 2009 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]. Disponível em: http://www.cofen.gov.br/resoluo-cofen-3582009_4384.html.
http://www.cofen.gov.br/resoluo-cofen-35...
was published. The database was also built in this stage, by resorting to Microsoft Excel® (2016 version), including title of the article, objective, conclusion and year of publication. After reading the abstracts, the articles that were not related to the study object were excluded, as well as those that were duplicates and of non-Brazilian origin.

Figure 2
Data collection - Search for articles according to the study criteria and interests. Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, 2021

During the fourth stage, called “data analysis”, the analysis matrix was prepared in Microsoft Excel® (2016 version), including the following data: database, title of the article, authors, institution/affiliation, state, region, language, year, title of the journal and keywords. The frequency of the keywords found in the articles was obtained through SoftwareAntconc (AntConc corpus analysis toolkit), version 3.5.8.0.

Subsequently, the .CSV file with the selected words, along with the frequency with which they appeared, was posted on the WordClouds.com free-use website, resulting in the creation of the word cloud. In addition to that, the data were also analyzed by calculating the absolute and relative frequencies. In the last stage of the study, it was decided to use charts and figures to present the results.

It is noted that, as this study only uses documentary data available in the databases, submission to a Research Ethics Committee (Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, CEP) was unnecessary, according to Resolution No. 510/20161414 Ministério da Saúde. Resolução n. 510, de 07 de abril de 2016. Dispõe sobre as normas aplicáveis a pesquisas em Ciências Humanas e Sociais. Diário Oficial da República Federativa do Brasil, [Internet]. 24 maio 2016 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]. Disponível em: https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis/cns/2016/res0510_07_04_2016.html.
https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegi...
; however, all ethical and authorial aspects were respected.

RESULTS

The analysis resulted in 13 articles on Nursing Consultation teaching in nurses’ training, published from 2010 to 2020, in seven journals, and affiliated with 18 institutions distributed across ten Brazilian states, in two cases associated with foreign institutions (Portugal).

Figure 3 illustrates the distribution of the publications across the Brazilian territory. Of all 13 articles, four were conducted through partnerships established by national institutions between the states of Amazonas and Pará, Rio Grande do Norte and Paraíba, Rio Grande do Norte and Mato Grosso do Sul, and between Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina. In relation to the distribution across the regions, the South stands out with five (38.46%) of the available publications, prevailing over the other regions.

Figure 3
Distribution of the publications across the Brazilian territory. Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, 2021

As for the main journals that published articles on the theme, the following stand out: Revista de Enfermagem UFPE online, with four articles, Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, with three, and Revista de Pesquisa (Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Online) with two publications. Regarding the year of publication, there is no difference between 2020 and 2018, both with three articles, followed by 2011 and 2010, with two articles each. Chart 1 presents the Brazilian production on Nursing Consultation teaching in nurses’ training in Brazil from 2009 to 2020.

Chart 1
Brazilian production on Nursing Consultation teaching in nurses’ training from 2009 to 2020. Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, 2021

All the articles found had a version in the Portuguese language. No author was present in more than one article. The prevailing study type among the publications was the experience report (five), followed by descriptive studies (three).

Regarding the most incident themes, the approach to the teaching methodology or strategy stood out, corresponding to seven (53.84%) of the publications. In relation to the terms most frequently cited as keywords in the articles, the absence of “Nursing Consultation” was noticed, as can be seen in Figure 4.

Figure 4
Frequency of the terms most frequently cited in the keywords from the articles. Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, 2021

DISCUSSION

Recognition of Nursing as a science demands using the Nursing consultations since, as they resort to systematized and inter-related actions, they represent the essence of the profession1515 Dantas CN, Santos VEP, Tourinho FSV. A consulta de enfermagem como tecnologia do cuidado à luz dos pensamentos de Bacon e Galimberti. Texto Contexto. [Internet]. 2018 [acesso em 5 jun. 2021]; 25(1). Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-0707201500002800014.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-07072015000...
. However, this study evidenced a reduced number of publications on the Nursing Consultation teaching, revealing low visibility of the theme, and corroborating the idea of NC underutilization by Brazilian Nursing as a care technology1515 Dantas CN, Santos VEP, Tourinho FSV. A consulta de enfermagem como tecnologia do cuidado à luz dos pensamentos de Bacon e Galimberti. Texto Contexto. [Internet]. 2018 [acesso em 5 jun. 2021]; 25(1). Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-0707201500002800014.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-07072015000...
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Also in this perspective, the imbalance found in the distribution of the productions is outstanding, with the most significant concentration in the South region, reinforcing the South-Southeast axis as a knowledge production hub. In this sense, this finding can be the result of the centralization of graduate courses in the Southeast and South regions1616 Silva S de O, Schimith MD, Buriol D, Alves AJP, Balconi I, Silva DC da. Consulta de enfermagem e diabetes mellitus: tendência da produção científica. Rev. Recien. [Internet]. 2021 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]; 11(36): 276-88. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.24276/rrecien2022.12.38.238-246.
https://doi.org/10.24276/rrecien2022.12....
-1717 Menezes HF de, Rosas AMMTF, Souza FS de, Viana L de O, Pinto ACS, Rufino CG. Produção brasileira de teses e dissertações sobre consulta de enfermagem: estudo de natureza bibliométrica. Rev. Enferm. Atual. [Internet]. 2017 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]. Disponível em: https://revistaenfermagematual.com/index.php/revista/article/view/290/181.
https://revistaenfermagematual.com/index...
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There was no recurrence of authors in the articles, which provides indications of the scarcity of research groups focused on this knowledge area. However, the institutional partnerships established stand out, including two foreign institutions, showing an attempt for articulation among the authors and revealing an incipient concern about the NC teaching process.

Although production is predominant in the South region, it is noted that the journal with the most publications on NC teaching was Revista de Enfermagem UFPE online, with qualis B2 according to the 2013-2016 quadriennium classification of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, CAPES). This journal was founded in 2006 and is currently published by the Graduate Program in Nursing of the Health Sciences Center belonging to Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Based on this finding, it is inferred that aspects related to the Nursing Process, especially NCs, represent an outstanding line within the scope of this journal. In addition, when evaluating the qualis corresponding to the journals of the highlighted publications, it can be seen that the existing productions were published in journals with qualis strata A and B. In this way, it is considered that, despite the reduced number of studies, they present methodological and scientific robustness, in view of the journal’s qualis, therefore, reverberating in important contributions to the Nursing work. It should be noted that qualis assesses the quality of a journal and, in this study, the latest classification published on the CAPES platform was used, which is divided into eight strata in decreasing value order: A1, A2, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 and C. However, it is worth noting that there is already a new classification which has not yet been legitimized or published in the CAPES platform.

The main study method observed was the experience report, which is related to and favors knowledge construction in the area from real and contextualized descriptions. Thus, it is inferred that the preponderance of this method is supported by the practical nature of NC teaching, enhanced for being a still little explored research area; consequently, sharing of experiences makes possible and contributes to knowledge development. Given the above, experience reports are relevant for the professional practice and provide subsidies for reflections and applications in the NC teaching praxis. Also from this perspective, it is understood that the notoriety of teaching strategies permeated by theoretical-practical articulation is intended to strengthen the learning process, as well as skills development through participation, engagement and experience of the profession.

Regarding the most frequent keywords, the absence of “Nursing Consultation” was noticed, reiterating its invisibility. However, it is to be noted that the DeCS/MeSH present “Nursing practice limited to an office” as concept for this descriptor, thus restricting its definition and application. Thus, from its non-use as a descriptor in the articles, it is inferred that this is a strategy by the authors for using NC as a broad term and not restricted only to clinics, as the NC is present in all environments where Nursing assistance is present. It is noted that in addition to supporting nurses’ decision-making, positively interfering in the health/disease process, the NC evidences the scientificity of the work performed by this profession and, therefore, cannot be reduced to a minimalist concept1515 Dantas CN, Santos VEP, Tourinho FSV. A consulta de enfermagem como tecnologia do cuidado à luz dos pensamentos de Bacon e Galimberti. Texto Contexto. [Internet]. 2018 [acesso em 5 jun. 2021]; 25(1). Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-0707201500002800014.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-07072015000...
.

Regarding the most frequent themes, there was predominance of the approach in relation to the teaching methodology and strategy, with emphasis on the active methodology and on using technology as a learning tool. It is noted that it is fundamental that the teaching strategies accompany the theoretical-scientific and technological advances of the profession, through innovating interdisciplinary practices and active methodologies. The main strategies found were simulation, clinical case and use of virtual tools1818 Silva IAS, Fernandes JD, Paiva MS, Silva FR, Silva LS. O ensino do processo de enfermagem. Rev. Enferm. UFPE Online. [Internet]. 2018 [acesso em 5 jun. 2021]; 12(9): 2470-8. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963-v12i9a235896p2470-2478-2018.
https://doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963-v12i9a...
.

NCs are a technological care strategy based on scientific principles, through the use of their own method, constituting the Nursing Process, which systematizes Nursing care1919 Crivelaro PM da S, Posso MBS, Gomes PC, Papini SJ. Consulta de enfermagem: uma ferramenta de cuidado integral na atenção primária à saúde. Braz. J. Dev. [Internet]. 2020 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]; 6(7): 49310-21. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv6n7-542.
https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv6n7-542...
-2020 Mota BAM, Lanza FM, Cortez DN. Efetividade da consulta de enfermagem na adesão ao tratamento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Rev. Salud Pública. [Internet]. 2019 [acesso em 02 abr. 2022]; 21(3). Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.V21n3.70291.
https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.V21n3.7029...
. Thus, NC teaching should not happen in a technical and automated way, above all, given its core of providing opportunities for the provision of comprehensive care.

This article presents the lack of depth regarding the qualitative issues of the productions as a limitation; however, it raises reflections on NC teaching in nurses’ training, requiring further research studies on the theme.

CONCLUSION

The incipient production on Nursing Consultation teaching found in the literature and evidenced in this study, due to the reduced number of scientific publications, reflects the invisibility of NCs in the services, often taking place in a complementary way to the medical consultations or seen as expendable. This is because they are not seen as spaces for dialog, education in health or a guide for nurses’ decision-making, which takes place through systematic phases based on scientific grounds.

It is worth noting the role of Higher Education Institutions in changing this scenario, which must strive to teach NC through methodologies that integrate theory and practice and favor the students’ critical reflective ability, minimizing technicist and automated trends. And for this to occur, it is to be added that it is essential to encourage the conduction of new studies on the theme, especially in places where the scientific production about NC teaching is still incipient or absent.

Thus, by revealing the scientific production related to NC teaching, this article provides subsidies for reflections that may drive new research on the theme, with the aim of transforming the evidenced scenario; therefore contributing to visibility and expansion of this knowledge area and, consequently, to advances in Nursing Consultation teaching, which, in turn, will exert a positive impact on nurses’ training and on their professional practice.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

To the Coordination for the Improvement of higher Education Personnel (CAPES) - Brazil for their support, with reference to Funding Code 001 and Process No. 88887.643413/2021-00.

To the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) with reference to the Research Productivity (Produtividade em Pesquisa, PQ) Grant under Process No. 205736/2018-1. To the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology from Bahia (Process No. 23806.250710.2021-41).

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Edited by

Associate editor: Dra. Luciana Kalinke

Publication Dates

  • Publication in this collection
    04 Nov 2022
  • Date of issue
    2022

History

  • Received
    29 Jan 2022
  • Accepted
    17 July 2022
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