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Effect of the temperature of the nutrient solution on the tolerance to aluminum toxicity in wheat cultivars

The aluminum tolerance of eight wheat cultivars was studied in nutrient solutions using four different levels of this element combined with four different temperatures. The tolerance was evaluated by measuring, the root growth in an aluminum-free complete nutrient solution after a previous treatment with Al using 0; 0.5; 1.0 and 6.0mg/litro at temperatures of 22°C ± 1°C, 26°C ± 1°C, 30°C ± 1°C and 34°C ± 1°C. The wheat cultivars BH-1146, IAC-5 and IAC-21 were the most tolerant, IAC-17, Alondra-S-46 and Sonora-64 showed moderate tolerance, Tobari-66 was moderately sensitive and Siete Cerros was sensitive to the presence of increasing concentrations of Al3+ in the treatment solution under a constant temperature. The aluminum toxicity symptom (inhibition of root growth) was dependent on the temperature and the amount of aluminum added to the treatment solutions. For the same level of Al3+, the Al toxicity symptoms increased when the temperature increased in the treatment solution, for all the cultivars studied. Apparently wheat tolerance to Al3+ is a relative rather than absolute characteristic, depending on temperature among other characteristics.


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