Campylobacter sp.
|
Diarrhoea, Acute intestinal infections and Necrotic infections |
Gram negative |
Oral Cavity (Saliva) |
Flagellin protein (FlaB, FlbA) |
04 |
(Bouzid, Hunter, Chalmers, & Tyler, 2013BOUZID, M., HUNTER, P.R., CHALMERS, R.M. and TYLER, K.M., 2013. Cryptosporidium pathogenicity and virulence. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 115-134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00076-12 PMid:23297262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00076-12...
; Karmali & Fleming, 1979KARMALI, M.A. and FLEMING, P., 1979. Campylobacter enteritis in children. The Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 94, no. 4, pp. 527-533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3476(79)80004-9 PMid:430287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3476(79)...
; Lemos et al., 2015LEMOS, A., MORAIS, L., FONTES, M. C., PIRES, I. and VIEIRA-PINTO, M., 2015. Campylobacter spp. isolation from infected poultry livers with and without necrotic lesions. Food Control, vol. 50, pp. 236-242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.08.027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.201...
; Liu, Ma, Wang, & Zhang, 2018LIU, F., MA, R., WANG, Y. and ZHANG, L., 2018. The clinical importance of Campylobacter concisus and other human hosted Campylobacter species. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, vol. 8, pp. 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2018.00243 PMid:30087857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2018.002...
; Percival & Williams, 2014PERCIVAL, S.L. and WILLIAMS, D.W. (2014). Campylobacter Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases (pp. 65-78): Elsevier. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-415846-7.00004-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-4158...
; Tzipori et al., 1983TZIPORI, S., BARNES, G., SMITH, M., BIRCH, C., and BISHOP, R., 1983. Cryptosporidiosis in hospital patients with gastroenteritis. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 931-934. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1983.32.931 PMid:6625074. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1983.32....
) |
0.5-1 by 4µm |
Spiral to Rod Shape |
Cryptosporidium sp.
|
Diarrhoea, Nausea, vomiting, low-grade fever, Myalgia, Weakness, Malaise, Headache and anorexia |
Gram negative4. |
Intestines |
Serine Protein, Aminopeptidase, cytokines, Hemolysin H4 and Phospholipase |
|
(Bouzid et al., 2013BOUZID, M., HUNTER, P.R., CHALMERS, R.M. and TYLER, K.M., 2013. Cryptosporidium pathogenicity and virulence. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 115-134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00076-12 PMid:23297262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00076-12...
; Tzipori et al., 1983TZIPORI, S., BARNES, G., SMITH, M., BIRCH, C., and BISHOP, R., 1983. Cryptosporidiosis in hospital patients with gastroenteritis. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 931-934. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1983.32.931 PMid:6625074. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1983.32....
) |
2-4.6 µm |
Rounded and spindle shaped |
Shigella sp.
|
Diarrhoea |
Gram negative |
Epithelial Lining of intestine |
Shiga toxins |
37 |
(Hailegebriel, Petros, & Endeshaw, 2017HAILEGEBRIEL, T., PETROS, B. and ENDESHAW, T., 2017. Evaluation of parasitological methods for the detection of Strongyloides stercoralis among individuals in selected health institutions In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 515-522. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v27i5.10 PMid:29217957. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v27i5.10...
; Percival & Williams, 2014PERCIVAL, S.L. and WILLIAMS, D.W. (2014). Campylobacter Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases (pp. 65-78): Elsevier. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-415846-7.00004-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-4158...
; Radostits, Gay, Hinchcliff, & Constable, 2006RADOSTITS, O. M., GAY, C. C., HINCHCLIFF, K. W., & CONSTABLE, P. D. (2006). Veterinary Medicine E-Book: A textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and goats. Elsevier Health Sciences.; Thomas et al., 2013THOMAS, M.K., MURRAY, R., FLOCKHART, L., PINTAR, K., POLLARI, F., FAZIL, A., NESBITT, A. and MARSHALL, B., 2013. Estimates of the burden of foodborne illness in Canada for 30 specified pathogens and unspecified agents, circa 2006. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease, vol. 10, no. 7, pp. 639-648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2012.1389 PMid:23659355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2012.1389...
) |
750µm |
Rod-Shaped |
Clostridium perfringens
|
Acute Abdominal Pain and Diarrhoea Enterotoxin |
Gram + |
Intestine |
Enterotoxin A produce alpha toxins and theta toxins |
41 |
(Aguilera, Stagnitta, Micalizzi, & de Guzmán, 2005AGUILERA, M.O., STAGNITTA, P.V., MICALIZZI, B. and DE GUZMÁN, A.M.S., 2005. Prevalence and characterization of Clostridium perfringens from spices in Argentina. Anaerobe, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 327-334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2005.05.003 PMid:16701595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.200...
; Guo, Zhang, Ma, & He, 2020GUO, P., ZHANG, K., MA, X. and HE, P., 2020. Clostridium species as probiotics: potentials and challenges. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, vol. 11, no. 1, 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40104-019-0402-1 PMid:32099648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40104-019-040...
; Labbe & Nolan, 1981LABBE, R.G. and NOLAN, L.L., 1981. Stimulation of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin formation by caffeine and theobromine. Infection and Immunity, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 50-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.34.1.50-54.1981 PMid:6271685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.34.1.50-54...
; Newstead et al., 2008NEWSTEAD, S.L., POTTER, J.A., WILSON, J.C., XU, G., CHIEN, C.-H., WATTS, A.G., WITHERS, S.G. and TAYLOR, G.L., 2008. The structure of Clostridium perfringens NanI sialidase and its catalytic intermediates. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 283, no. 14, pp. 9080-9088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M710247200 PMid:18218621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M710247200...
; Omernik & Płusa, 2015OMERNIK, A., & PŁUSA, T. (2015). Toxins of Clostridium perfringens as a natural and bioterroristic threats. Polski merkuriusz lekarski: organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego, vol. 39, no. 231, pp. 149-152.; Radostits et al., 2006RADOSTITS, O. M., GAY, C. C., HINCHCLIFF, K. W., & CONSTABLE, P. D. (2006). Veterinary Medicine E-Book: A textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and goats. Elsevier Health Sciences.; Willardsen, Busta, Allen, & Smith, 1978WILLARDSEN, R., BUSTA, F., ALLEN, C. and SMITH, L., 1978. Growth and survival of Clostridium perfringens during constantly rising temperatures. Journal of Food Science, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 470-475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1978.tb02333.x. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.19...
) |
0.3-2.0µm |
Rod-Shaped |
Staphylococcus aureus
|
Vomiting, Diarrhoea |
Gram – |
Intestine and Nervous system |
Enterotoxins (A, B, C1, C2, D and E) |
8-30 |
(Hirsh, Maclachian, & Wlaker, 2004HIRSH, D., MACLACHIAN, J. and WLAKER, R. (2004). Botulism in veterinary microbiology. USA: Blackwell Publishing Professional.; Notermans & Heuvelman, 1983NOTERMANS, S. and HEUVELMAN, C., 1983. Combined effect of water activity, pH and sub‐optimal temperature on growth and enterotoxin production of Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of Food Science, vol. 48, no. 6, pp. 1832-1835. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1983.tb05096.x. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.19...
; Quinn et al., 2001QUINN, P., MARKEY, B., CARTER, M., DEMNELLY, W. and LEONARD, F. (2001). Veterinary microbiology and microbial disease. 8th ed. Oxford, UK: Blackwell publishing.; Smith, Peter, Daniela, & Melchior, 2007SMITH, K., PETER, K., DANIELA, H. and MELCHIOR, S., 2007. Food borne pathogenic microorganisms and natural toxins. Food drug Administration center food safety. Applied Nutrition, vol. 10, pp. 119-150.) |
1µm |
Round-Shaped |
Clostridium botulinum
|
Botulism |
Gram + |
Fresh stomach contents |
Neurotoxins Proteolytic and non-proteolytic toxins |
6-30 |
(Hall, McCroskey, Pincomb, & Hatheway, 1985HALL, J.D., MCCROSKEY, L., PINCOMB, B. and HATHEWAY, C., 1985. Isolation of an organism resembling Clostridium barati which produces type F botulinal toxin from an infant with botulism. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 654-655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.21.4.654-655.1985 PMid:3988908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.21.4.654-6...
; Lund, Graham, George, & Brown, 1990LUND, B.M., GRAHAM, A.F., GEORGE, S.M. and BROWN, D., 1990. The combined effect of incubation temperature, pH and sorbic acid on the probability of growth of non‐proteolytic, type B Clostridium botulinum. The Journal of Applied Bacteriology, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 481-492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01539.x PMid:2292514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.19...
) |
2µm |
Rod-Shaped |
Hepatitis A virus
|
Invasive enteric |
+ strand RNA Virus |
Liver, Bile |
Immunoglobulin M |
35 |
(Binn et al., 1984BINN, L.N., LEMON, S.M., MARCHWICKI, R., REDFIELD, R.R., GATES, N. and BANCROFT, W., 1984. Primary isolation and serial passage of hepatitis A virus strains in primate cell cultures. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 28-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.20.1.28-33.1984 PMid:6086708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.20.1.28-33...
; Lozano et al., 2012LOZANO, R., NAGHAVI, M., FOREMAN, K., LIM, S., SHIBUYA, K., ABOYANS, V., ABRAHAM, J., ADAIR, T., AGGARWAL, R., AHN, S.Y., ALMAZROA, M.A., ALVARADO, M., ANDERSON, H.R., ANDERSON, L.M., ANDREWS, K.G., ATKINSON, C., BADDOUR, L.M., BARKER-COLLO, S., BARTELS, D.H., BELL, M.L., BENJAMIN, E.J., BENNETT, D., BHALLA, K., BIKBOV, B., ABDULHAK, A.B., BIRBECK, G., BLYTH, F., BOLLIGER, I., BOUFOUS, S., BUCELLO, C., BURCH, M., BURNEY, P., CARAPETIS, J., CHEN, H., CHOU, D., CHUGH, S.S., COFFENG, L.E., COLAN, S.D., COLQUHOUN, S., COLSON, K.E., CONDON, J., CONNOR, M.D., COOPER, L.T., CORRIERE, M., CORTINOVIS, M., DE VACCARO, K.C., COUSER, W., COWIE, B.C., CRIQUI, M.H., CROSS, M., DABHADKAR, K.C., DAHODWALA, N., DE LEO, D., DEGENHARDT, L., DELOSSANTOS, A., DENENBERG, J., DES JARLAIS, D.C., DHARMARATNE, S.D., DORSEY, E.R., DRISCOLL, T., DUBER, H., EBEL, B., ERWIN, P.J., ESPINDOLA, P., EZZATI, M., FEIGIN, V., FLAXMAN, A.D., FOROUZANFAR, M.H., FOWKES, F.G.R., FRANKLIN, R., FRANSEN, M., FREEMAN, M.K., GABRIEL, S.E., GAKIDOU, E., GASPARI, F., GILLUM, R.F., GONZALEZ-MEDINA, D., HALASA, Y.A., HARING, D., HARRISON, J.E., HAVMOELLER, R., HAY, R.J., HOEN, B., HOTEZ, P.J., HOY, D., JACOBSEN, K.H., JAMES, S.L., JASRASARIA, R., JAYARAMAN, S., JOHNS, N., KARTHIKEYAN, G., KASSEBAUM, N., KEREN, A., KHOO, J.-P., KNOWLTON, L.M., KOBUSINGYE, O., KORANTENG, A., KRISHNAMURTHI, R., LIPNICK, M., LIPSHULTZ, S.E., OHNO, S.L., MABWEIJANO, J., MACINTYRE, M.F., MALLINGER, L., MARCH, L., MARKS, G.B., MARKS, R., MATSUMORI, A., MATZOPOULOS, R., MAYOSI, B.M., MCANULTY, J.H., MCDERMOTT, M.M., MCGRATH, J., MEMISH, Z.A., MENSAH, G.A., MERRIMAN, T.R., MICHAUD, C., MILLER, M., MILLER, T.R., MOCK, C., MOCUMBI, A.O., MOKDAD, A.A., MORAN, A., MULHOLLAND, K., NAIR, M.N., NALDI, L., NARAYAN, K.M.V., NASSERI, K., NORMAN, P., O’DONNELL, M., OMER, S.B., ORTBLAD, K., OSBORNE, R., OZGEDIZ, D., PAHARI, B., PANDIAN, J.D., RIVERO, A.P., PADILLA, R.P., PEREZ-RUIZ, F., PERICO, N., PHILLIPS, D., PIERCE, K., POPE, C.A. 3rd., PORRINI, E., POURMALEK, F., RAJU, M., RANGANATHAN, D., REHM, J.T., REIN, D.B., REMUZZI, G., RIVARA, F.P., ROBERTS, T., DE LEÓN, F.R., ROSENFELD, L.C., RUSHTON, L., SACCO, R.L., SALOMON, J.A., SAMPSON, U., SANMAN, E., SCHWEBEL, D.C., SEGUI-GOMEZ, M., SHEPARD, D.S., SINGH, D., SINGLETON, J., SLIWA, K., SMITH, E., STEER, A., TAYLOR, J.A., THOMAS, B., TLEYJEH, I.M., TOWBIN, J.A., TRUELSEN, T., UNDURRAGA, E.A., VENKETASUBRAMANIAN, N., VIJAYAKUMAR, L., VOS, T., WAGNER, G.R., WANG, M., WANG, W., WATT, K., WEINSTOCK, M.A., WEINTRAUB, R., WILKINSON, J.D., WOOLF, A.D., WULF, S., YEH, P.-H., YIP, P., ZABETIAN, A., ZHENG, Z.-J., LOPEZ, A.D. and MURRAY, C.J.L., 2012. Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet, vol. 380, no. 9859, pp. 2095-2128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0 PMid:23245604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)...
) |
27nm |
Brucella inopinata
|
Chronic pneumonia in human |
Gram – |
Lungs |
Urease and positive H2S Production |
35-37 |
(Tiller et al., 2010TILLER, R.V., GEE, J.E., LONSWAY, D.R., GRIBBLE, S., BELL, S.C., JENNISON, A.V., BATES, J., COULTER, C., HOFFMASTER, A.R. and DE, B.K., 2010. Identification of an unusual Brucella strain (BO2) from a lung biopsy in a 52 year-old patient with chronic destructive pneumonia. BMC Microbiology, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-10-23 PMid:20105296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-10-2...
) |
1.5mm |
Globular and Rod Shaped |
Listeria monocytogenes
|
Listeriosis, Febrile gastroenteritis, CNS infection (Non-perinatal case), Septicaemia, Maternofetal infections |
Gram + |
Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid |
Hemolysin (Intestine), Cytokines (Liver), Internalin Protein (Binding protein), listeriolysin and Two phosphate (PLcA and PLcB) |
10-25 |
(Cossart et al., 1989COSSART, P., VICENTE, M.F., MENGAUD, J., BAQUERO, F., PEREZ-DIAZ, J. and BERCHE, P., 1989. Listeriolysin O is essential for virulence of Listeria monocytogenes: direct evidence obtained by gene complementation. Infection and Immunity, vol. 57, no. 11, pp. 3629-3636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.57.11.3629-3636.1989 PMid:2509366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.57.11.3629...
; de Noordhout et al., 2014DE NOORDHOUT, C.M., DEVLEESSCHAUWER, B., ANGULO, F.J., VERBEKE, G., HAAGSMA, J., KIRK, M., HAVELAAR, A. and SPEYBROECK, N., 2014. The global burden of listeriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet. Infectious Diseases, vol. 14, no. 11, pp. 1073-1082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70870-9 PMid:25241232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(14)...
; Gregory & Wing, 1990GREGORY, S.H. and WING, E.J., 1990. Accessory function of Kupffer cells in the antigen-specific blastogenic response of an L3T4+ T-lymphocyte clone to Listeria monocytogenes. Infection and Immunity, vol. 58, no. 7, pp. 2313-2319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.58.7.2313-2319.1990 PMid:2114361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.58.7.2313-...
; Vázquez-Boland et al., 2001VÁZQUEZ-BOLAND, J.A., KUHN, M., BERCHE, P., CHAKRABORTY, T., DOMÍNGUEZ-BERNAL, G., GOEBEL, W., GONZÁLEZ-ZORN, B., WEHLAND, J. and KREFT, J., 2001. Listeria pathogenesis and molecular virulence determinants. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 584-640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CMR.14.3.584-640.2001. PMid:11432815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CMR.14.3.584-6...
) |
1-1.5µm |
Rod-Shaped |
Myobacterium bovis
|
Invasive enteric diseases and Bovine type of tuberculosis |
Gram -/+ |
Gastrointestinal Tract Calmette and Guérin, African ancestry |
Contagium vivum |
37 |
(Dürr et al., 2013DÜRR, S., MÜLLER, B., ALONSO, S., HATTENDORF, J., LAISSE, C.J., VAN HELDEN, P.D. and ZINSSTAG, J., 2013. Differences in primary sites of infection between zoonotic and human tuberculosis: results from a worldwide systematic review. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, vol. 7, no. 8, pp. e2399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002399 PMid:24009789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0...
; Forrellad et al., 2013FORRELLAD, M.A., KLEPP, L.I., GIOFFRÉ, A., SABIO Y GARCIA, J., MORBIDONI, H.R., DE LA PAZ SANTANGELO, M., CATALDI, A.A. and BIGI, F., 2013. Virulence factors of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Virulence, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 3-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/viru.22329 PMid:23076359. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/viru.22329...
; Müller et al., 2013MÜLLER, B., DÜRR, S., ALONSO, S., HATTENDORF, J., LAISSE, C.J., PARSONS, S.D., VAN HELDEN, P.D. and ZINSSTAG, J., 2013. Zoonotic Mycobacterium bovis–induced tuberculosis in humans. Emerging Infectious Diseases, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 899-908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1906.120543 PMid:23735540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1906.120543...
; Young, Gormley, & Wellington, 2005YOUNG, J.S., GORMLEY, E. and WELLINGTON, E.M., 2005. Molecular detection of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium bovis BCG (Pasteur) in soil. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol. 71, no. 4, pp. 1946-1952. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.4.1946-1952.2005 PMid:15812024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.4.1946-...
; Zhang & Groves, 1988ZHANG, A. and GROVES, M.J., 1988. Size characterization of Mycobacterium bovis BCG (Bacillus Calmette Guérin) Vaccine, Tice™ Substrain. Pharmaceutical Research, vol. 5, no. 9, pp. 607-610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015954316139 PMid:3073388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:101595431613...
) |
About 1 micron |
Mycolic acid, Glycolipids in cell envelope, mycocerosic acid |
Rod-Shaped |
Brucella sp.
|
Invasive enteric diseases |
Gram- |
Stomach |
Th1-type cell |
37 |
(Dean, Crump, Greter, Schelling, & Zinsstag, 2012DEAN, A.S., CRUMP, L., GRETER, H., SCHELLING, E. and ZINSSTAG, J., 2012. Global burden of human brucellosis: a systematic review of disease frequency. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, vol. 6, no. 10, pp. e1865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001865 PMid:23145195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0...
; Thacker, Parikh, Shouche, & Madamwar, 2007THACKER, U., PARIKH, R., SHOUCHE, Y. and MADAMWAR, D., 2007. Reduction of chromate by cell-free extract of Brucella sp. isolated from Cr (VI) contaminated sites. Bioresource Technology, vol. 98, no. 8, pp. 1541-1547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.06.011 PMid:16931000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.200...
) |
0.5-0.7 µ |
Interleukin 12 |
Rod-Shaped |
Interferon |
Urease |
Escherichia coli
|
Diarrhea |
Gram – |
Faecal matter |
Cytotoxins |
20-30 |
(Adler, 1973ADLER, J., 1973. A method for measuring chemotaxis and use of the method to determine optimum conditions for chemotaxis by Escherichia coli. Journal of general microbiology, vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 77-91. PMid:4632978.; Bryan, McKinley, & Mixon, 1971BRYAN, F.L., MCKINLEY, T.W. and MIXON, B., 1971. Use of time-temperature evaluations in detecting the responsible vehicle and contributing factors of foodborne disease outbreaks. Journal of Milk and Food Technology, vol. 34, no. 12, pp. 576-582. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0022-2747-34.12.576. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0022-2747-34.1...
) |
3µm |
Shiga -like toxins |
Rod-Shaped |
Listeria sp.
|
Invasive enteric diseases |
Gram + |
Blood |
Β-hemolytic |
37.8 |
(de Noordhout et al., 2014DE NOORDHOUT, C.M., DEVLEESSCHAUWER, B., ANGULO, F.J., VERBEKE, G., HAAGSMA, J., KIRK, M., HAVELAAR, A. and SPEYBROECK, N., 2014. The global burden of listeriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet. Infectious Diseases, vol. 14, no. 11, pp. 1073-1082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70870-9 PMid:25241232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(14)...
; Guillet et al., 2010GUILLET, C., JOIN-LAMBERT, O., LE MONNIER, A., LECLERCQ, A., MECHAÏ, F., MAMZER-BRUNEEL, M.-F., BIELECKA, M.K., SCORTTI, M., DISSON, O., BERCHE, P., VAZQUEZ-BOLAND, J., LORTHOLARY, O. and LECUIT, M., 2010. Human listeriosis caused by Listeria ivanovii. Emerging Infectious Diseases, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 136-138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1601.091155 PMid:20031061. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1601.091155...
) |
0.5-4.0µm |
Catalase |
Rod-Shaped |
esculin hydrolysis |