Abstract
Objective
The main aims of this study are to a) uncover the nurse´s perceptions of dignity based on their experiences; and b) identify ethical issues experienced by nurses when confronted with individuals with advanced heart failure.
Methods
This study has a qualitative design with an inductive approach using focus group (FG) interviews with registered nurses who meet patients with HF and their family caregivers on a daily basis. A total of 18 Portuguese registered nurses, from two hospitals and two primary health care centers, were distributed across 4 FG. Interviews occurred over a period of about 4 months. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis;
Results
The participants emphasized the importance of dignity as ‘being seen as a person’ and ‘respected for the person one is’. The ´roller coaster ride of heart failure` is like a pilgrimage that serves to maintain the patient’s dignity within the strictures of the sick person’s role. Addressing the physical, emotional and spiritual needs of patients promotes their dignity, while neglecting their needs threatens their dignity. Three main themes captured the range of ethical problems when nurses care for people with advanced heart failure: 1) Quality of life versus length of time left; 2) Curative versus palliative interventions; 3) Unpredictable and quick death versus expected and prolonged death.
Conclusion
Respecting and protecting dignity is an essential piece of good, ethical, and competent nursing care.
Heart failure; Nursing care; Personal narratives; Focus groups