The A. presents one observation of left side hemiparesis following poisoning by Bothrops Jararacussu. This is the second case reported by the A. both having identical etiology. There are two more similar observation's by Octavio de Magalhães. After discussing the infantile cerebral hemiplegia, the A. calls attention to the fact that those hemiplegias do not always present spasticity, sometimes presenting muscular hipotony or even chorea, athetosis or choreo-athetotic movements, which suggest an extrapyramidal involvement The A. then stresses the fact that epileptiform crisis - either generalized or partial - may occur, as well as psychic disruibances. Those disturbances consist either of marked intellectual deficit which can go as far as idiocy, or else of disturbances of afectivity, will and pragmatism, even when no intellectual deficit can be detected. Making a review of the most frequent causes of infantile cerebral hemiplegia the A. places among them the ophidic and scorpionic poisoning (Magalhães and Guimarães). Then the A. proceeds studying the pathogeny of the hemiplegia occurring in the course of those poisonings, referring to the current hipothesis, specially to those which are due to well known authorities on the subject. The A. finally, includes the clinical observation of one case from which we can, no doubt, draw the conclusion that there is a close and immediate relationship between the ophidic poisoning and the hemiparesis reported, the patient presenting in addition generalized epileptiform crisis which have appeared immediately after the poisoning. Not only the photograph of the case reported is included but also another of an already published case of typical cerebral hemiplegia following Bothrops Jararaca poisoning, studied in a child aged eleven.
