Órbita: II - Imagem

Santos, Antônio Carlos; Prado, Paulo Tadeu de Campos; Cruz, Antonio Augusto Velasco e

doi:10.5935/0004-2749.19990041

RESUMO

A tomografia computadorizada (TC) e a ressonância nuclear magnética (RM) são os dois principais métodos de estudo por imagem da órbita. Nessa revisão discute-se a anatomia radiológica orbital normal, as indicações e os achados da TC e da em diferentes patologias da órbita diagnosticadas no HC-FMRP-USP.

Palavras-chave:
Tomografia computadorizada; Ressonância nuclear magnética; Doenças da órbita

SUMMARY

The main modalities of orbital imaging are computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this revision the imaging of the normal orbital anatomy and of the orbital disease are discussed.

Keywords:
Computed tomography; Magnetic resonance imaging; Orbital disease

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS

¹
Mandell N, Abrahams JJ. The orbit. In: Haaga JR, Lanzieri CF, Sartoris DJ, Zerhouni EA eds., Computed tomography and magnetic ressonance imaging of the hole body 1994;407-27.
²
Kubal WS. The pathological globe: clinical and imaging analysis. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 1997;18:423-36.
³
Healy JF. Computed tomography of orbital trauma. J Comput Tomogr 1982;6:1-IO.
⁴
Grove AS Jr. Computed tomography in the management of orbital trauma. Ophthalmology 1982;89:433-40.
⁵
Wilson WB, Dreisbach JN, Lattin DE, Stears JC. Magnetic resonance imaging of nonmetallic orbital foreign bodies. Am J Ophthalmol 1988;105:612-7.
⁶
Rothman M. Orbital trauma. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 1997;18:437-47.
⁷
Gückel C. Possible computed tomographic and magnetic resonance tomographic detection of wood foreign bodies following perforating eye injuries. Radiologe 1988;28:334-7.
⁸
Zhan Y, Engel M, Kujat C, Backens M, Kubale R, Kramann B. Proton spin tomography of the orbit in post-traumatic motility disorders. Rofo Fortschr Geb Rontgenstr Neuen Bildgeb Verfahr 1995;163:127-33.
⁹
Som P. Sinonasal cavity. ln: Som PM, Bergeron PA, eds. Head and neck imaging, ed 2, St Louis, Mosby-Year book, 1991;150-9.
¹⁰
Hershey BL, Roth TC. Orbital infections. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 1997;18:448-59.
¹¹
Rootman J, Robertson W, Lapointe JS. lnflamatory diseases. ln: Rootman J ed, Diseases of the orbit, JB Lippincot Company, East Washington Square, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1988;143-204.
¹²
Dorfman RE, Spickler EM. Current status of magnetic resonance imaging of the orbit. Top Magn Reson lmaging 1990;2:17-22.
¹³
Muhle C, Nolle B, Brinkmann G, Schubert F, Reinhold-Keller E, Spielmann RP, Reuter M, Richter C, Gross WL, Heller M. Magnetic resonance tomography and computerized tomography of Wegener's granulomatosis of the orbits. Aktuelle Radiol 1994;4:229-34.
¹⁴
Muhle C, Reinhold-Keller E, Richter C, Duncker G, Beigel A, Brinkmann G, Gross WL, Heller M. MRI of the nasal cavity, the paranasal sinuses and orbits in Wegener's granulomatosis. Eur Radiol 1997;7:566-70.
¹⁵
Weber AL, Dallow RL, Oot RF. Computed tomography of lymphoproliferative disease of the orbit. Report of 50 patients. Acta Radiol Suppl (Stockh) 1986;369:333-6.
¹⁶
Westacott S, Gamer A, Moseley IF, Wright JE Br. Orbital lymphoma versus reactive lymphoid hyperplasia: an analysis of the use of computed tomography in differential diagnosis. J Ophthalmol 1991;75:722-5.
¹⁷
Cytryn AS, Putterman AM, Schneck GL, Beckman E, Valvassori GE. Predictability of magnetic resonance imaging in differentiation of orbital lymphoma from orbital inflammatory syndrome. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 1997;13:129-34.
¹⁸
Nugent RA, Belkin RI, Neigel JM, Rootman J, Robertson WD, Spinelli J, Graeb DA. Graves orbitopathy: correlation of CT and clinical findings. Radiology 1990;177:675-8.
¹⁹
Trokel SL, Jakobiec FA. Correlation of CT scanning andpathologic features of ophthalmic Graves' disease. Ophthalmology 1981;88:553-64.
²⁰
Bagnolesi P, Cilotti A, Campassi C, Lencioni R, Napoli V, Bartolozzi C. Computerized tomography of the orbit in Graves' ophthalmopathy. New observations. Radiol Med (Torino) 1992;83:569-75.
²¹
Barrett L, Glatt HJ, Burde RM, Gado MH. Optic nerve dysfunction in thyroid eye disease: CT. Radiology 1988;167:503-7.
²²
Feldon SE, Lee CP, Muramatsu SK, Weiner JM. Quantitative computed tomography of Graves' ophthalmopathy. Extraocular muscle and orbital fat in development of optic neuropathy. Arch Ophthalmol 1985;103:213-5.
²³
Unsold R, Ostertag C, Newton TH, Differential diagnosis of Graves' disease and orbital pseudotumor: CT findings. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 1980;177:31-47.
²⁴
Nianiaris N, Hurwitz JJ, Chen JC, Wortzman G. Correlation between computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in Graves' orbitopathy. Can J Ophthalmol 1994;29:9-12.
²⁵
Orcutt JC, Wulc AE, Mills RP, Smith CH. Asymptomatic orbital cavemous hemangiomas. Ophthalmology 1991;98:1257-60.
²⁶
Maffe MF. The orbit proper. In: Som PM, Bergeron PA, eds. Head and neck imaging, ed 2, St Louis, Mosby-Year Book, 1991;800-l.
²⁷
Harris GJ, Sakol PJ, Bonavolonta G, De Conciliis C. An analysis of thirty cases of orbital lymphangioma. Pathophysiologic considerations and management recommendations. Ophthalmology 1990;97:1583-92.
²⁸
Graeb DA, Rootman J, Robertson WD, Lapointe JS, Nugent RA, Hay EJ. Orbital lymphangiomas: clinical, radiologic, and pathologic characteristics. Radiology 1990;175:417-21.
²⁹
Bond JB, Haik BG, Taveras JL, Francis BA, Numaguchi Y, Mihara F, Gupta KL.. Magnetic resonance imaging of orbital lymphangioma with and without gadolinium contrast enhancement. Ophthalmology 1992;99:1318-24.
³⁰
Haik BG, Saint Louis L, Bierly J, Smith ME, Abramson DA, Ellsworth RM, Wall M. Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of optic nerve gliomas. Ophthalmology 1987;94:709-17.
³¹
Byrd SE, Harwood-Nash DC, Fitz CR, Barry JF, Rogovitz DM. Computed tomography of intraorbital optic nerve gliomas in children. Radiology 1978;129:73-8.
³²
Zimmerrnan RD, Fleming CA, Saint-Louis LA, Lee BC, Manning JJ, Deck MD. Magnetic resonance imaging of meningiomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1985;6:149-57.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
Abr 1999

Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto (Open Access) sob a licença Creative Commons Attribution, que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, sem restrições desde que o trabalho original seja corretamente citado.

[1] ¹
Mandell N, Abrahams JJ. The orbit. In: Haaga JR, Lanzieri CF, Sartoris DJ, Zerhouni EA eds., Computed tomography and magnetic ressonance imaging of the hole body 1994;407-27.

[2] ²
Kubal WS. The pathological globe: clinical and imaging analysis. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 1997;18:423-36.

[3] ³
Healy JF. Computed tomography of orbital trauma. J Comput Tomogr 1982;6:1-IO.

[4] ⁴
Grove AS Jr. Computed tomography in the management of orbital trauma. Ophthalmology 1982;89:433-40.

[5] ⁵
Wilson WB, Dreisbach JN, Lattin DE, Stears JC. Magnetic resonance imaging of nonmetallic orbital foreign bodies. Am J Ophthalmol 1988;105:612-7.

[6] ⁶
Rothman M. Orbital trauma. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 1997;18:437-47.

[7] ⁷
Gückel C. Possible computed tomographic and magnetic resonance tomographic detection of wood foreign bodies following perforating eye injuries. Radiologe 1988;28:334-7.

[8] ⁸
Zhan Y, Engel M, Kujat C, Backens M, Kubale R, Kramann B. Proton spin tomography of the orbit in post-traumatic motility disorders. Rofo Fortschr Geb Rontgenstr Neuen Bildgeb Verfahr 1995;163:127-33.

[9] ⁹
Som P. Sinonasal cavity. ln: Som PM, Bergeron PA, eds. Head and neck imaging, ed 2, St Louis, Mosby-Year book, 1991;150-9.

[10] ¹⁰
Hershey BL, Roth TC. Orbital infections. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 1997;18:448-59.

[11] ¹¹
Rootman J, Robertson W, Lapointe JS. lnflamatory diseases. ln: Rootman J ed, Diseases of the orbit, JB Lippincot Company, East Washington Square, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1988;143-204.

[12] ¹²
Dorfman RE, Spickler EM. Current status of magnetic resonance imaging of the orbit. Top Magn Reson lmaging 1990;2:17-22.

[13] ¹³
Muhle C, Nolle B, Brinkmann G, Schubert F, Reinhold-Keller E, Spielmann RP, Reuter M, Richter C, Gross WL, Heller M. Magnetic resonance tomography and computerized tomography of Wegener's granulomatosis of the orbits. Aktuelle Radiol 1994;4:229-34.

[14] ¹⁴
Muhle C, Reinhold-Keller E, Richter C, Duncker G, Beigel A, Brinkmann G, Gross WL, Heller M. MRI of the nasal cavity, the paranasal sinuses and orbits in Wegener's granulomatosis. Eur Radiol 1997;7:566-70.

[15] ¹⁵
Weber AL, Dallow RL, Oot RF. Computed tomography of lymphoproliferative disease of the orbit. Report of 50 patients. Acta Radiol Suppl (Stockh) 1986;369:333-6.

[16] ¹⁶
Westacott S, Gamer A, Moseley IF, Wright JE Br. Orbital lymphoma versus reactive lymphoid hyperplasia: an analysis of the use of computed tomography in differential diagnosis. J Ophthalmol 1991;75:722-5.

[17] ¹⁷
Cytryn AS, Putterman AM, Schneck GL, Beckman E, Valvassori GE. Predictability of magnetic resonance imaging in differentiation of orbital lymphoma from orbital inflammatory syndrome. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 1997;13:129-34.

[18] ¹⁸
Nugent RA, Belkin RI, Neigel JM, Rootman J, Robertson WD, Spinelli J, Graeb DA. Graves orbitopathy: correlation of CT and clinical findings. Radiology 1990;177:675-8.

[19] ¹⁹
Trokel SL, Jakobiec FA. Correlation of CT scanning andpathologic features of ophthalmic Graves' disease. Ophthalmology 1981;88:553-64.

[20] ²⁰
Bagnolesi P, Cilotti A, Campassi C, Lencioni R, Napoli V, Bartolozzi C. Computerized tomography of the orbit in Graves' ophthalmopathy. New observations. Radiol Med (Torino) 1992;83:569-75.

[21] ²¹
Barrett L, Glatt HJ, Burde RM, Gado MH. Optic nerve dysfunction in thyroid eye disease: CT. Radiology 1988;167:503-7.

[22] ²²
Feldon SE, Lee CP, Muramatsu SK, Weiner JM. Quantitative computed tomography of Graves' ophthalmopathy. Extraocular muscle and orbital fat in development of optic neuropathy. Arch Ophthalmol 1985;103:213-5.

[23] ²³
Unsold R, Ostertag C, Newton TH, Differential diagnosis of Graves' disease and orbital pseudotumor: CT findings. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 1980;177:31-47.

[24] ²⁴
Nianiaris N, Hurwitz JJ, Chen JC, Wortzman G. Correlation between computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in Graves' orbitopathy. Can J Ophthalmol 1994;29:9-12.

[25] ²⁵
Orcutt JC, Wulc AE, Mills RP, Smith CH. Asymptomatic orbital cavemous hemangiomas. Ophthalmology 1991;98:1257-60.

[26] ²⁶
Maffe MF. The orbit proper. In: Som PM, Bergeron PA, eds. Head and neck imaging, ed 2, St Louis, Mosby-Year Book, 1991;800-l.

[27] ²⁷
Harris GJ, Sakol PJ, Bonavolonta G, De Conciliis C. An analysis of thirty cases of orbital lymphangioma. Pathophysiologic considerations and management recommendations. Ophthalmology 1990;97:1583-92.

[28] ²⁸
Graeb DA, Rootman J, Robertson WD, Lapointe JS, Nugent RA, Hay EJ. Orbital lymphangiomas: clinical, radiologic, and pathologic characteristics. Radiology 1990;175:417-21.

[29] ²⁹
Bond JB, Haik BG, Taveras JL, Francis BA, Numaguchi Y, Mihara F, Gupta KL.. Magnetic resonance imaging of orbital lymphangioma with and without gadolinium contrast enhancement. Ophthalmology 1992;99:1318-24.

[30] ³⁰
Haik BG, Saint Louis L, Bierly J, Smith ME, Abramson DA, Ellsworth RM, Wall M. Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of optic nerve gliomas. Ophthalmology 1987;94:709-17.

[31] ³¹
Byrd SE, Harwood-Nash DC, Fitz CR, Barry JF, Rogovitz DM. Computed tomography of intraorbital optic nerve gliomas in children. Radiology 1978;129:73-8.

[32] ³²
Zimmerrnan RD, Fleming CA, Saint-Louis LA, Lee BC, Manning JJ, Deck MD. Magnetic resonance imaging of meningiomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1985;6:149-57.

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