<i>Caputitermes</i>, a new genus of soldierless termite (Blattaria: Isoptera: Termitidae) with dimorphic workers from the Amazon rainforest

ALMEIDA-AZEVEDO, Rayssa; ACIOLI, Agno Nonato Serrão; MORAIS, José Wellington de; AZEVEDO, Renato Almeida de

doi:10.1590/1809-4392202202511

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Biodiversity and Conservation • Acta Amaz. 53 (3) • Jul-Sep 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202202511 copy

Caputitermes, a new genus of soldierless termite (Blattaria: Isoptera: Termitidae) with dimorphic workers from the Amazon rainforest

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Soldierless termites (Blattodea: Isoptera: Apicotermitinae) are a small and taxonomically poorly known group, especially in the Neotropical region. In this paper we describe a new monotypic genus Caputitermes gen. nov. with a straight mesenteron-P1 junction, and absence of mixed segment. The species Caputitermes dimorphus sp. nov., which stands out for having two types of workers.

Keywords:
taxonomy; worker gut; enteric valve; Apicotermitinae

Authorship

Rayssa ALMEIDA-AZEVEDO ^** Corresponding author: rayssa.a.azevedo@gmail.com

Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Coordenação de Biodiversidade - COBIO, Av. André Araújo 2936, Petrópolis, 69083-000 Manaus, AM, BrazilInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPABrazilManaus, AM, BrazilInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Coordenação de Biodiversidade - COBIO, Av. André Araújo 2936, Petrópolis, 69083-000 Manaus, AM, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2045-3878

Agno Nonato Serrão ACIOLI

Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias - FCA, Av. Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos 3000, Campus Universitário, Coroado, Manaus, AM, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAMBrazilManaus, AM, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias - FCA, Av. Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos 3000, Campus Universitário, Coroado, Manaus, AM, Brazil

José Wellington de MORAIS

Renato Almeida de AZEVEDO

* Corresponding author: rayssa.a.azevedo@gmail.com

ASSOCIATE EDITOR:

Pitágoras C. Bispo

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures | Tables

Figures (6)
Tables (1)

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Figure 1
Caputitermes gen. nov., major and minor workers. A - Major worker of Caputitermes dimorphus sp. nov. in dorsal view; B - minor worker of C. dimorphus sp. nov. in dorsal view. Scale bar: A-B = 1 mm. This figure is in color in the electronic version.

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Figure 2
Head and mandibles of major and minor workers in Caputitermes dimorphus sp. nov. A - head of major worker in dorsal view, arrows indicate the lateral nodes of the head; B - head of minor worker in dorsal view; C - head of major worker in right lateral view; D -head of minor worker in right lateral view; E - mandible of major worker in dorsal view; F - mandible of minor worker in dorsal view; arrows on mandibles indicate hair and scale-like texture in regions of the plate and molar prominence. Scale bar: A-F = 0.5 mm. This figure is in color in the electronic version.

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Figure 3
Digestive tube of minor worker in Caputitermes dimorphus sp. nov. A - dorsal view; B - right lateral view; C - ventral view; D - lateral left view. C = crop, M = mesenteron, G = gizzard, P1 = first proctodeal segment, P2 = enteric valve, P3 = paunch, P4 = colon, P5 = rectum; E - enteric valve ornamentation; H - view of an enteric valve lobe showing agglomerate of spines. Scale bar: A-D = 0.5 mm; E-F = mm; G = 0.1 mm H = 0.02 mm. This figure is in color in the electronic version.

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Figure 4
Malpighian tubules and ornamentation of P1 in Caputitermes dimorphus sp. nov. A - Insertion of Malpighian tubules, MT = Malpighian tubules, M = mesenteron, P1 = first proctodeal segment; B-C - photomicrograph showing spines; D - schematic drawing of P1 showing the spines, P2 = enteric valve. Scale bar: A-D = 0.5 mm; B-C = 0.1 mm. This figure is in color in the electronic version.

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Figure 5
Caputitermes dimorphus sp. nov. A - setae at anterior portion of the coxae indicated by arrows; B - specimen positioned in the left ventrolateral view. Connection P4-P5 forming a V-shaped bend and constriction between connection P4 and P5; C - P3 forming an S-shaped projection until it connects to P2. Scale bar: A-B = 1 mm; C = 0.5mm. This figure is in color in the electronic version.

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Figure 6
Location of the Caputitermes dimorphus sp. nov. collection sites in the central Brazilian Amazon. The points are 40 km apart from each other in full scale. This figure is in color in the electronic version.

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Table 1
Measurements (mean ± standard deviation, followed by the range) of major and minor workers of Caputitermes dimorphus sp. nov.

Figure 1 Caputitermes gen. nov., major and minor workers. A - Major worker of Caputitermes dimorphus sp. nov. in dorsal view; B - minor worker of C. dimorphus sp. nov. in dorsal view. Scale bar: A-B = 1 mm. This figure is in color in the electronic version.

Figure 2 Head and mandibles of major and minor workers in Caputitermes dimorphus sp. nov. A - head of major worker in dorsal view, arrows indicate the lateral nodes of the head; B - head of minor worker in dorsal view; C - head of major worker in right lateral view; D -head of minor worker in right lateral view; E - mandible of major worker in dorsal view; F - mandible of minor worker in dorsal view; arrows on mandibles indicate hair and scale-like texture in regions of the plate and molar prominence. Scale bar: A-F = 0.5 mm. This figure is in color in the electronic version.

Figure 3 Digestive tube of minor worker in Caputitermes dimorphus sp. nov. A - dorsal view; B - right lateral view; C - ventral view; D - lateral left view. C = crop, M = mesenteron, G = gizzard, P1 = first proctodeal segment, P2 = enteric valve, P3 = paunch, P4 = colon, P5 = rectum; E - enteric valve ornamentation; H - view of an enteric valve lobe showing agglomerate of spines. Scale bar: A-D = 0.5 mm; E-F = mm; G = 0.1 mm H = 0.02 mm. This figure is in color in the electronic version.

Figure 4 Malpighian tubules and ornamentation of P1 in Caputitermes dimorphus sp. nov. A - Insertion of Malpighian tubules, MT = Malpighian tubules, M = mesenteron, P1 = first proctodeal segment; B-C - photomicrograph showing spines; D - schematic drawing of P1 showing the spines, P2 = enteric valve. Scale bar: A-D = 0.5 mm; B-C = 0.1 mm. This figure is in color in the electronic version.

Figure 5 Caputitermes dimorphus sp. nov. A - setae at anterior portion of the coxae indicated by arrows; B - specimen positioned in the left ventrolateral view. Connection P4-P5 forming a V-shaped bend and constriction between connection P4 and P5; C - P3 forming an S-shaped projection until it connects to P2. Scale bar: A-B = 1 mm; C = 0.5mm. This figure is in color in the electronic version.

Figure 6 Location of the Caputitermes dimorphus sp. nov. collection sites in the central Brazilian Amazon. The points are 40 km apart from each other in full scale. This figure is in color in the electronic version.

Table 1 Measurements (mean ± standard deviation, followed by the range) of major and minor workers of Caputitermes dimorphus sp. nov.

Parameter	Major worker	Minor worker
Head width (mm)	1.89 ± 0.07 (1.78-2.00)	1.13 ±0.06 (1.07-1.19)
Head length (mm)	1.83 ±0.07 (1.85-1.99)	1.13 ±0.04 (1.03-1.22)
Hind tibia length (mm)	1.23 ±0.04 (1.19-1.31)	1.15 ±0.02 (1.12-1.19)
Pronotum width (mm)	0.86 ±0.06 (0.76-0.95)	0.62 ±0.07 (0.55-0.70)
Number of specimens	18	59

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Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Av. André Araujo, 2936 Aleixo, 69060-001 Manaus AM Brasil, Tel.: +55 92 3643-3030, Fax: +55 92 643-3223 - Manaus - AM - Brazil
E-mail: acta@inpa.gov.br

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<i>Caputitermes</i>, a new genus of soldierless termite (Blattaria: Isoptera: Termitidae) with dimorphic workers from the Amazon rainforest

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[1] * Corresponding author: rayssa.a.azevedo@gmail.com