Association of socioeconomic and clinical variables with the state of frailty among older inpatients

Tavares, Darlene Mara dos Santos; Nader, Isabella Danielle; Paiva, Mariana Mapelli de; Dias, Flavia Aparecida; Pegorari, Maycon Sousa

doi:10.1590/0104-1169.0660.2657

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Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

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Original Articles • Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 23 (6) • Nov-Dec 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1169.0660.2657 copy

Association of socioeconomic and clinical variables with the state of frailty among older inpatients¹ 1 Supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brazil.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objectives:

to identify the prevalence of frailty among inpatient older adults in a clinical hospital and check the association of the socioeconomic and clinical characteristics with the state of frailty.

Method:

observational, cross-sectional and analytical study, conducted with 255 hospitalized patients. Materials used: structured instrument for the economical and clinical data and frailty phenotype of Fried. Descriptive and bivariate statistical analysis was carried out and, by means of chi-square tests and ANOVA One-way (p<0.05).

Results:

the prevalence of frailty corresponded to 26.3%, while pre-frailty represented 53.3%. The highest proportion of frail seniors was identified for 80 years or older (p = 0.004), widowed (p = 0.035) and with the highest average length of stay (p = 0.006).

Conclusion:

inpatient older adults presented high percentages of frail states associated with socioeconomic variables and hospitalization period. The identification of the health conditions related to pre-frailty and frailty can foster the planning and implementation of the assistance to older adults in this context.

Frail Elderly; Hospitalization; Elderly; Health Status; Health of the Elderly

Variables	Not frail		Pre-frail		Frail		Total	p*
Variables	n	%		n	%		n	%		n	%
Sex												0.114
	Male	35	67.3		87	64		34	50.7		156	61.2
	Female	17	32.7		49	36		33	49.3		99	38.8
Age group												0.004*
	60├ 70	38	73.1		84	61.8		35	52.2		157	61.8
	70├ 80	13	25		46	33.8		20	29.9		79	31
	80 or more	1	1.9		6	4.4		12	17.9		19	7.5
Marital status												0.035*
	Single	2	3.8		7	5.1		2	3		11	4.3
	Married	32	61.5		92	67,6		32	47.8		156	61.2
	Widower	12	23,1		19	14		24	35.8		55	21.6
	Separated	6	11.5		18	13.2		9	13.4		33	12.9
Housing arrangement												0.056
	Alone	10	19.2		18	13.2		11	16.4		39	15.3
	Spouse	17	32.7		47	34.6		16	23.9		80	31.4
	Spouse, children and grandchildren	14	26.9		42	30.9		16	23.9		72	28.2
	Children and grandchildren	8	15,4		16	11.8		21	31.3		45	17.6
	Other	3	5.8		13	9.6		3	4.5		19	7.5
Schooling (years)												0.149
	No schooling (years)	6	11.5		27	20		18	26.9		51	20.1
	1├4	29	55.8		78	57.8		36	53.7		143	56.3
	4├8	9	17.3		22	16.3		6	9		37	14.6
	9 or more	8	15,4		8	5.9		7	10.4		23	9.1
Monthly individual income ^†												0.083
	No income	2	3.8		8	5.9		2	3		12	4.7
	<1	-	-		7	5.1		1	1.5		8	3.1
	1	25	48.1		76	55.9		43	64.2		144	56.5
	1┤3	21	40.4		38	27.9		21	31.3		80	31.4
	3┤5	3	5.8		5	3.7		-	-		8	3.1
	>5	1	1.9		2	1.5		-	-		3	1.2

Variables	Not frail		Pre-frail		Frail		Total	p*
Variables	n	%		n	%		n	%		n	%
Morbidities												0.312
	None	2	3.8		1	0.7		1	1.5		4	1.6
	1├ 3	12	23.1		52	38.2		19	28.4		83	32.5
	4├ 7	19	36.5		38	27.9		19	28.4		76	29.8
	7 or more	19	36.5		45	33.1		28	41.8		92	36.1
Use of medicines												0.852
	None	2	3.8		6	4.4		1	1.5		9	3.5
	1┤ 3	8	15.4		16	11.8		6	9		30	11.8
	3┤ 5	9	17.3		24	17.6		12	17.9		45	17.6
	5 or more	33	63.5		90	66.2		48	71.6		171	67.1
Death												0.150
	Yes	-	-		5	3.7		3	4.5		8	3.1
	No	52	20.4		131	96.3		64	95.5		247	96.9
Inpatient days (average ± SD)	7.4 ± 7.5		10 ± 8.5		12.8 ± 11.4		10.25 ± 9.3	0.006*^†

Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto / Universidade de São Paulo Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-902 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 (16) 3315-3451 / 3315-4407 - Ribeirão Preto - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rlae@eerp.usp.br

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[1] Corresponding Author: Darlene Mara dos Santos Tavares Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação Av. Frei Paulino, 30 Bairro: Abadia CEP: 38025-180, Uberaba, MG, Brasil E-mail: darlenetavares@enfermagem.uftm.edu.br

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Association of socioeconomic and clinical variables with the state of frailty among older inpatients1 1 Supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brazil.

Objectives:

Method:

Results:

Conclusion:

Association of socioeconomic and clinical variables with the state of frailty among older inpatients¹ 1 Supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brazil.