INDICADORES PRODUTIVOS DE CULTIVARES DE MILHO VERDE EM DIFERENTES DENSIDADES POPULACIONAIS

DE ARRUDA, FRANCINEUMA PONCIANO; MATOS, MICHAELLY HEIDY MORAES; DA CRUZ, ANTONIO LEONÍCIO FERREIRA; FARIAS, ESLANE REIS

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Research Paper • Rev. Caatinga 35 (02) • Apr-Jun 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252022v35n209rc copiar

INDICADORES PRODUTIVOS DE CULTIVARES DE MILHO VERDE EM DIFERENTES DENSIDADES POPULACIONAIS

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

Cultivares específicas para produção de milho verde, mais produtivas e adaptadas às condições de cada região, aliada à adequada densidade populacional podem aumentar a produtividade da cultura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi, portanto, identificar, sob diferentes densidades de plantas, a cultivar com características agronômicas mais adequadas para produção de milho verde no município de Teresina, Piauí. O experimento foi conduzido no período de março a junho de 2018, na área experimental do Colégio Técnico de Teresina, da Universidade Federal do Piauí. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial, com três densidades de plantas (40.000, 50.000 e 60.000 plantas ha⁻¹) e duas cultivares de milho (AG 1051 e BRS 3046). Foram avaliados o diâmetro e o comprimento da espiga verde comercial, a produtividade, a porcentagem de espigas verdes comerciais e a duração do período entre a emergência (VE) e o pendoamento (VT) das cultivares em relação à quantidade acumulada de graus-dias (GDA). Em termos de ciclo (período entre VE e VT), o híbrido AG 1051 foi mais tardio, com 47 dias após a emergência (DAE) e 823,23 GDA, que o BRS 3046 (44 DAE e 773,32 GDA), havendo, todavia, aceleração do período de desenvolvimento vegetativo nos dois híbridos, que variou de 43 DAE (773,32 GDA) a 47 DAE (828,23 GDA), respectivamente, para que houvesse o pendoamento. Com o incremento das densidades, houve um decréscimo nos valores das variáveis de produção. A maior produtividade de espigas comerciais (15,45 Mg ha⁻¹) foi obtida na densidade de 50.000 plantas ha⁻¹.

Palavras-chave
Zea mays L; Fenologia; Graus-dias

Sources of variation	VT		R1
Sources of variation	DAE	ADD	DAE	ADD
Cultivars (C)	60.17^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	20,239.14^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	60.17^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	20,224.62^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.
Densities (D)	7.17^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	2,419.23^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	2.54^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	854.05^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.
C x D	1.17^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	389.50^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	0.54^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	183.44^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.
Blocks	28.00^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	9,394.43^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	37.67^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	12,592.55^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.
CV (%)¹ 1 Coefficient of variation.	2.20	2.20	1.10	1.10

Cultivars	VT		R1
Cultivars	DAE	ADD	DAE	ADD
AG 1051	46.92 a^* * Means followed by the same letter in the column do not differ by Tukey’s test at 5% probability level.	828.23 a	49.42 a	870.48 a
BRS 3046	43.75 b	773.32 b	46.25 b	822.18 b

Plant densities (plants ha⁻¹)	VT		R1
Plant densities (plants ha⁻¹)	DAE	ADD	DAE	ADD
40,000	44.25 b^* * Means followed by the same letter in the column do not differ by Tukey’s test at 5% probability level.	785.80 b	47.25 b	831.32 b
50,000	45.75 a	803.70 a	47.85 ab	849.30 ab
60,000	46.00 a	812.95 a	48.37 a	858.37 a

Sources of variation	LENGTH	DIAM	YLD	%CGE
Sources of variation	cm		Mg ha⁻¹	%
Cultivars (C)	3.95^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	0.28^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	9,275,266.67^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	5.34^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.
Densities (D)	11.04^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	0.21^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	40,051,266.67^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	1,215.44^** , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.
C x D	1.27^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	0.01^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	2,403,216.67^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	2.84^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.
Blocks	3.31^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	0.02^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	1,695,588.89^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.	4.69^NS , * and NS significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) and not significant, respectively.
CV (%)¹ 1 Coefficient of variation.	3.28	1.63	11.38	4.36

Plant densities (plants ha⁻¹)	Production characteristics
Plant densities (plants ha⁻¹)	LENGTH (cm)	DIAM (cm)	YLD (Mg ha⁻¹)	%CGE
40,000	31.69 a^* * Means followed by the same letter in the column do not differ by Tukey’s test at 5% probability level.	6.09 a	12.61 b	94.25 a
50,000	30.72 a	6.04 a	15.45 a	91.08 a
60,000	29.35 b	5.79 b	11.04 b	71.49 b

Cultivars	DIAM (cm)
AG 1051	5.86 b^* * Means followed by the same letter in the column do not differ by Tukey’s test at 5% probability level.
BRS 3046	6.08 a

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