Review of the <i>Leptogenys unistimulosa</i> species group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with the description of a new Amazonian species

Leptogenys elzasoaresnew species, is described from workers and a male collected near Manaus in the Brazilian Amazon. The worker is recognizable by the presence of 12 chaetae (stout setae) on the clypeal median lobe, the straight mandible, and its bicolored body; the head and mesosoma are black while the gaster is brightly ferruginous. For the first time, the males of L. bohlsi Emery, 1896, L. unistimulosa Roger, 1863Roger, J., 1863. Die neu aufgeführten Gattungen und Arten meines Formiciden-Verzeichnisses nebst Ergänzung einiger früher gegebenen Beschreibungen. Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 7, 131-214., and L. parensis Lattke, 2011 are described. A new key to the males of the unistimulosa species group is provided, and the key to workers of Lattke (2011) is updated to include the new species. Finally, we also report new records of L. parensis from French Guiana, expanding the known distribution by over 780 km northwest.

Keywords:
Ants; Neotropical; Ponerinae; Taxonomy

Authorship

Leonardo Tozetto

Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Zoologia, 81531-980, Curitiba, Brasil.Universidade Federal do ParanáBrasilCuritiba, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Zoologia, 81531-980, Curitiba, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6097-1114

Júlio C. M. Chaul

Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Departamento de Biologia Geral, 36570-900, Viçosa, Brasil.Universidade Federal de ViçosaBrasilViçosa, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Viçosa, Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Departamento de Biologia Geral, 36570-900, Viçosa, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6285-1017

Brendon E. Boudinot

Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Vor dem Neutor 1, 07743, Jena, Germany.Friedrich-Schiller-Universität JenaGermanyJena, GermanyFriedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Vor dem Neutor 1, 07743, Jena, Germany.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4588-0430

John E. Lattke ^**Corresponding author. E-mail:piquihuye@gmail.com (J.E. Lattke).

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6793-3003

*Corresponding author. E-mail:piquihuye@gmail.com (J.E. Lattke).

Associate Editor: Rodrigo Feitosa

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Author contribution statement

LT contributed with conceptualization, writing, descriptions, and imaging. JC contributed with writing, descriptions, and imaging. BB contributed with writing, review, and editing. JL contributed with writing, descriptions, review and editing.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures

Figures (11)

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Figure 1
Leptogenys male morphology based on L. unistimulosa. A: abdominal segment number, as: antennal socket, atp: anterior tentorial pit, ar: arolia, c: coxa number, ca: claws, ce: compound eye, cl: clypeus, fg: flagellum, hd: head, lmsp: lower mesopleuron, lmtp: lower metapleuron, mes: mesosoma, md: mandible, msc: mesoscutum, msnt: mesonotum, msps: mesopleural sulcus, mst: mesoscutellar disc, mtn: metanotum, mtpds: metapleuropropodeal suture, not: notaulli, oc: ocelli, pd: pedicel, pl: parapsidial line, pla: planta, pn: pronotum, ppd: propodeum, prta: pretarsal structures, pt: petiole, py: pydigium, sc: scape, tar: tarsus, tg: tegula, umsp: upper mesopleuron, umtp: upper metapleuron.

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Figure 2
Male mandalus: (A) Leptogenys unistimulosa, mandalus partially hidden by clypeus appearing slit-shaped when the mandible is closed; (B) Leptogenys sp. mandalus rounded, not hidden by clypeus when the mandible is closed.

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Figure 3
Leptogenys bohlsi male, 5512 Coll. Borgmeier: (A) full-face, (B) lateral, mesosoma in (C) profile and (D) dorsal views, (E) fore wing, and (F) hind wing.

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Figure 11
Distribution maps. (A) L. bohlsi; (B) L. elzasoares; (C) L. parensis; (D) L. unistimulosa, Miranda et al. (2012)Miranda, P. N., Oliveira, M. A., Baccaro, F. B., Morato, E. F., Delabie, J. H. C., 2012. Check list of ground-dwelling ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of eastern Acre, Amazon, Brazil. Check List 8 (4), 722-730., Salazar & Donoso (2013)Salazar, F., Donoso, D. A., 2013. New ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) records for Ecuador deposited at the Carl Rettenmeyer ant collection in the QCAZ Museum. Bol. Tecnico. 8–9, 151-177., Gomes et al. (2014)Gomes, E. C. F., Ribeiro, G. T., Souza, T. M. S., Sousa-Souto, L., 2014. Ant assemblages (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in three different stages of forest regeneration in a fragment of Atlantic Forest in Sergipe, Brazil. Sociobiology 61, 250-257. https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v61i3.250-257.
https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v6... , Miranda et al. (2017)Miranda, P. N., Baccaro, F. B., Morato, E. F., Oliveira, M. A., Delabie, J. H. C., 2017. Limited effects of low-intensity forest management on ant assemblages in southwestern Amazonian forests. Biodivers. Conserv. 26, 2435-2451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-017-1368-y.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-017-1368-... , Santos et al. (2017)Santos, R. J., Koch, E. B. A., Leite, C. M. P., Porto, T. J., Delabie, J. H. C., 2017. An assessment of leaf-litter and epigaeic ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) living in different landscapes of the Atlantic Forest Biome in the State of Bahia, Brazil. J. Insect Biodivers. 5, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.12976/JIB/2017.5.19.
https://doi.org/10.12976/JIB/2017.5.19... , Fernandes & Souza (2018)Fernandes, I., Souza, J., 2018. Dataset of long-term monitoring of ground-dwelling ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the influence areas of a hydroelectric power plant on the Madeira River in the Amazon Basin. Biodivers. Data J. 6, e24375. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e24375.
https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e24375... , Prado et al. (2019)Prado, L. P., Feitosa, R. M., Triana, S. P., Gutiérrez, J. A. M., Rousseau, G. X., Silva, R. A., Siqueira, G. M., do Santos, C. L. C., Silva, F. V., da Silva, T. S. R., Casadei-Ferreira, A., da Silva, R. R., Andrade-Silva, J., 2019. An overview of the ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the state of Maranhão, Brazil. Pap. Avulsos Zool. 59, e20195938. https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2019.59.38.
https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2019.... , Nascimento et al. (2020)Nascimento, A. C., Fernandes, O. I., Souze, J. L. P., 2020. Morfometria das operárias de Ponerinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) em áreas de floresta ombrófila amazônica. Bol. Mus. Para. Emílio Goeldi. Cienc. Nat. 15(1), 165-198. https://doi.org/10.46357/bcnaturais.v15i1.248.
https://doi.org/10.46357/bcnaturais.v15i... . Red circles: type locality; White circles: material studied; Black circles: material studied by Lattke (2011)Lattke, J. E., 2011. Revision of the New World species of the genus Leptogenys Roger (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae). Arthropod Syst. Phylogeny 69, 127-264., Black triangles: records not examined from literature after 2011.

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Figure 4
Leptogenys elzasoaresnew species worker, INPA - HYM 034449 Holotype: (A) full-face, (B) lateral, (C) clypeus in full-face, (D) mesosoma, (E) petiole and (D) dorsal views.

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Figure 5
Leptogenys elzasoaresnew species male, UFV-LABECOL-011120 paratype: (A) full-face, (B) lateral, mesosoma in (C) profile and (D) dorsal views, (E) fore wing and (F) hind wing.

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Figure 6
Leptogenys elzasoaresnew species male genitalia, UFV-LABECOL-011120 paratype: (A) genital capsule in dorsal, (B) ventral and (C) lateral views, (D) abdominal sternum IX in vental view, (E) penisvalvae, (F) tergum IX, (G) gonopod and volsella in lateral views. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. go: gonopod, pe: penisvalvae, vo: volsella.

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Figure 7
A phoretic deutonymph mite (Acaridae) on a L. elzasoares new species worker, paratype UFV-LABECOL-010408: (A) mite in situ on the left maxilla (white arrow); (B) mite ventral view and (C) zoom of left anterior legs. ce: compound eye, lb: labrum, md: mandible, mx: maxilla, sc: scape.

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Figure 8
Leptogenys parensis male, DZUP 550881: (A) full-face, (B) lateral, mesosoma in (C) profile and (D) dorsal views, (E) fore wing and (F) hind wing.

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Figure 9
Leptogenys parensis male genitalia, DZUP 550881: (A) genital capsule in dorsal, (B) ventral and (C) lateral views, (D) abdominal sternum IX in ventral view, (E) penisvalva and (F) tergum IX in lateral views. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. go: gonopod, pe: penisvalvae, vo: volsella.

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Figure 10
Leptogenys unistimulosa male, DZUP 550877. (A) full-face, (B) lateral, (C) mesosoma in profile and (D) dorsal view, (E) fore wing and (F) hind wing.

Figure 1 Leptogenys male morphology based on L. unistimulosa. A: abdominal segment number, as: antennal socket, atp: anterior tentorial pit, ar: arolia, c: coxa number, ca: claws, ce: compound eye, cl: clypeus, fg: flagellum, hd: head, lmsp: lower mesopleuron, lmtp: lower metapleuron, mes: mesosoma, md: mandible, msc: mesoscutum, msnt: mesonotum, msps: mesopleural sulcus, mst: mesoscutellar disc, mtn: metanotum, mtpds: metapleuropropodeal suture, not: notaulli, oc: ocelli, pd: pedicel, pl: parapsidial line, pla: planta, pn: pronotum, ppd: propodeum, prta: pretarsal structures, pt: petiole, py: pydigium, sc: scape, tar: tarsus, tg: tegula, umsp: upper mesopleuron, umtp: upper metapleuron.

Figure 2 Male mandalus: (A) Leptogenys unistimulosa, mandalus partially hidden by clypeus appearing slit-shaped when the mandible is closed; (B) Leptogenys sp. mandalus rounded, not hidden by clypeus when the mandible is closed.

Figure 3 Leptogenys bohlsi male, 5512 Coll. Borgmeier: (A) full-face, (B) lateral, mesosoma in (C) profile and (D) dorsal views, (E) fore wing, and (F) hind wing.

Figure 11 Distribution maps. (A) L. bohlsi; (B) L. elzasoares; (C) L. parensis; (D) L. unistimulosa, Miranda et al. (2012)Miranda, P. N., Oliveira, M. A., Baccaro, F. B., Morato, E. F., Delabie, J. H. C., 2012. Check list of ground-dwelling ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of eastern Acre, Amazon, Brazil. Check List 8 (4), 722-730., Salazar & Donoso (2013)Salazar, F., Donoso, D. A., 2013. New ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) records for Ecuador deposited at the Carl Rettenmeyer ant collection in the QCAZ Museum. Bol. Tecnico. 8–9, 151-177., Gomes et al. (2014)Gomes, E. C. F., Ribeiro, G. T., Souza, T. M. S., Sousa-Souto, L., 2014. Ant assemblages (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in three different stages of forest regeneration in a fragment of Atlantic Forest in Sergipe, Brazil. Sociobiology 61, 250-257. https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v61i3.250-257.
https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v6... , Miranda et al. (2017)Miranda, P. N., Baccaro, F. B., Morato, E. F., Oliveira, M. A., Delabie, J. H. C., 2017. Limited effects of low-intensity forest management on ant assemblages in southwestern Amazonian forests. Biodivers. Conserv. 26, 2435-2451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-017-1368-y.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-017-1368-... , Santos et al. (2017)Santos, R. J., Koch, E. B. A., Leite, C. M. P., Porto, T. J., Delabie, J. H. C., 2017. An assessment of leaf-litter and epigaeic ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) living in different landscapes of the Atlantic Forest Biome in the State of Bahia, Brazil. J. Insect Biodivers. 5, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.12976/JIB/2017.5.19.
https://doi.org/10.12976/JIB/2017.5.19... , Fernandes & Souza (2018)Fernandes, I., Souza, J., 2018. Dataset of long-term monitoring of ground-dwelling ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the influence areas of a hydroelectric power plant on the Madeira River in the Amazon Basin. Biodivers. Data J. 6, e24375. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e24375.
https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e24375... , Prado et al. (2019)Prado, L. P., Feitosa, R. M., Triana, S. P., Gutiérrez, J. A. M., Rousseau, G. X., Silva, R. A., Siqueira, G. M., do Santos, C. L. C., Silva, F. V., da Silva, T. S. R., Casadei-Ferreira, A., da Silva, R. R., Andrade-Silva, J., 2019. An overview of the ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the state of Maranhão, Brazil. Pap. Avulsos Zool. 59, e20195938. https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2019.59.38.
https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2019.... , Nascimento et al. (2020)Nascimento, A. C., Fernandes, O. I., Souze, J. L. P., 2020. Morfometria das operárias de Ponerinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) em áreas de floresta ombrófila amazônica. Bol. Mus. Para. Emílio Goeldi. Cienc. Nat. 15(1), 165-198. https://doi.org/10.46357/bcnaturais.v15i1.248.
https://doi.org/10.46357/bcnaturais.v15i... . Red circles: type locality; White circles: material studied; Black circles: material studied by Lattke (2011)Lattke, J. E., 2011. Revision of the New World species of the genus Leptogenys Roger (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae). Arthropod Syst. Phylogeny 69, 127-264., Black triangles: records not examined from literature after 2011.

Figure 4 Leptogenys elzasoaresnew species worker, INPA - HYM 034449 Holotype: (A) full-face, (B) lateral, (C) clypeus in full-face, (D) mesosoma, (E) petiole and (D) dorsal views.

Figure 5 Leptogenys elzasoaresnew species male, UFV-LABECOL-011120 paratype: (A) full-face, (B) lateral, mesosoma in (C) profile and (D) dorsal views, (E) fore wing and (F) hind wing.

Figure 6 Leptogenys elzasoaresnew species male genitalia, UFV-LABECOL-011120 paratype: (A) genital capsule in dorsal, (B) ventral and (C) lateral views, (D) abdominal sternum IX in vental view, (E) penisvalvae, (F) tergum IX, (G) gonopod and volsella in lateral views. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. go: gonopod, pe: penisvalvae, vo: volsella.

Figure 7 A phoretic deutonymph mite (Acaridae) on a L. elzasoares new species worker, paratype UFV-LABECOL-010408: (A) mite in situ on the left maxilla (white arrow); (B) mite ventral view and (C) zoom of left anterior legs. ce: compound eye, lb: labrum, md: mandible, mx: maxilla, sc: scape.

Figure 8 Leptogenys parensis male, DZUP 550881: (A) full-face, (B) lateral, mesosoma in (C) profile and (D) dorsal views, (E) fore wing and (F) hind wing.

Figure 9 Leptogenys parensis male genitalia, DZUP 550881: (A) genital capsule in dorsal, (B) ventral and (C) lateral views, (D) abdominal sternum IX in ventral view, (E) penisvalva and (F) tergum IX in lateral views. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. go: gonopod, pe: penisvalvae, vo: volsella.

Figure 10 Leptogenys unistimulosa male, DZUP 550877. (A) full-face, (B) lateral, (C) mesosoma in profile and (D) dorsal view, (E) fore wing and (F) hind wing.

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Review of the <i>Leptogenys unistimulosa</i> species group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with the description of a new Amazonian species

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[1] *Corresponding author. E-mail:piquihuye@gmail.com (J.E. Lattke).