Is the combination of interval and resistance training more effective on physical fitness? A systematic review and Meta-analysis

Menezes, Francisco José de; Jesus, Íncare Correa de; Israel, Vera Lúcia; Leite, Neiva

doi:10.5007/1980-0037.2017v19n5p618

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Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano

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Original Article • Rev. bras. cineantropom. desempenho hum 19 (5) • Sep-Oct 2017 • https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2017v19n5p618 copy

Is the combination of interval and resistance training more effective on physical fitness? A systematic review and Meta-analysis

Será a combinação dos treinamentos intervalado e resistido mais efetiva sobre a aptidão física em adultos? Uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise

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Abstract

Interval training (HIIT / SIT) combined with resistance training (RT) has been highlighted as a strategy for the improvement of health-related physical fitness markers (HRPF) in adults. Thus, the aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy of combined training (HIIT / SIT + RT) with other exercise protocols on HRPF markers in adults. A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE via PebMed, Cochrane-CENTRAL, SPORTDiscus, LILACS, SCIELO and Scopus databases between January and March 2017, using the following keywords in English and Portuguese: physical fitness, high-intensity interval training, sprint interval training, resistance training and adults. The quality of studies was evaluated using the PEDro scale. After applying both inclusion and exclusion criteria, nine articles were selected (n = 231). The extraction of means and standard deviations from studies was performed independently by two authors and the RevMan software was used to perform the meta-analysis. Combined training interventions lasted from 6 to 12 weeks and generated greater increase in maximal oxygen uptake than other forms of exercise. The combination of interval training and strength training may be considered more effective to improve aerobic capacity levels in adults.

Key words
Adults; High-intensity interval training; Physical fitness; Resistance training; Sprint interval training

References	Sample data	Groups (n)	Volume - Frequency	Intensity - Load	Duration (weeks)
Álvarez et al.²⁷27 Alvarez C, Ramírez R, Flores M, Zúñiga C, Celis-Morales CA. Effect of sprint interval training and resistance exercise on metabolic markers in overweight women. Rev Med Chil 2012;140(10):1289–96.	♀ 40.1 ± 11.4 years	ITb + RT (n=10)	(HIIT) 7x20sx2min, 3x/week + (RT) 5 exercises, 3x1minx2min, 2x/week: total 5x/week	>85% HRmax, MF , PR	12
		ITb (n=12)	7x20sx2min, 3x/week	>85% HRmax, PR
		RT (n=8)	5 exercises, 3x1minx2min, 2x/week	MF
Buckley et al.²²22 Buckley S, Knapp K, Lackie A, Lewry C, Horvey K, Benko C, et al. Multimodal high-intensity interval training increases muscle function and metabolic performance in females. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2015;40(11):1157–62.	♀ 24.7 ± 5.4 years	ITb + RTf (n=14)	6x1minx3min (20s of HIIT + 40s of RT) 3 exercises, 4-10rep: 3x/week	9-10/10 EPR , PR	6
	♀ 24.7 ± 5.4 years	ITb (n=14)	6x1minx3min, 3x/week	9-10 EPR ; PR	6
Cantrell et al.²⁶26 Cantrell GS, Schilling BK, Paquette MR, Murlasits Z. Maximal strength, power, and aerobic endurance adaptations to concurrent strength and sprint interval training. Eur J Appl Physiol 2014;114(4):763–71.	♂ 25.6 ± 6.1 years	ITb + RT (n=7)	(HIIT) 4-6x20sx4min + (RT) 6 exercises, 3x4-6repx2min: 2x/week each (total 4x/ week)	85% 1RM, ME	12
		RT (n=7)	6 exercises, 3x4-6repx2min, 2x/week	85% 1RM	12
Fyfe et al.²⁴24 Fyfe JJ, Bartlett JD, Hanson ED, Stepto NK, Bishop DJ. Endurance training intensity does not mediate interference to maximal lower-body strength gain during short-term concurrent training. Front Physiol 2016;7(487):1–16.	♂ 29.6 ± 5.5 years	ITa + RT (n=8)	(HIIT) 6-11x2minx1min + (RT) 5 exercises, 3-5x4-14rmx2-3min: 3x/week	120-150% LL, MF , PR	12
		RT (n=8)	5 exercises, 3-5x4-14rmx2-3min, 3x/ week	MF .
		CT+RT (n=7)	15-33min, 5 exercises, 3-5x4-14rmx2-3min, 3x/week	80-100% LL
Laird et al.²⁰20 Laird RH, Elmer DJ, Barberio MD, Salom LP, Lee KA, Pascoe DD. Evaluation of Performance Improvements After Either Resistance Training or Sprint Interval–Based Concurrent Training. J Strength Cond Res 2016;30(11):3057–65.	♀ 20.3 ± 1.7 years	ITbT + RT (n=13)	(HIIT) 8x20sx10s + (RT) AB, 4 exercises: 3-5x3-10rep: 3x/week	110-120% VO2max, MF , 70-87%1RM	8
		RT (n=13)	4 exercises, AB; 3-5x3-10rep, 3x/week.	MF ; 70-87%1RM	8
Silva et al.²³23 Silva RF, Cadore EL, Kothe G, Guedes M, Alberton CL, Pinto SS, et al. Concurrent Training with Different Aerobic Exercises. Int J Sports Med 2012;33(8):627–34.	♀ 22.9 ± 14.1 years	ITa + RT (n=11)	(HIIT) 20-30minx1minx1min + (RT) 7 exercises, 2-3x8-18x2min: 2x/week	DP, VO2max	8
		RT (n=12)	7 exercises, 2-3x8-18x2min, 2x/week,	MF
		CT+RT (n=10)	20-30min	95% vVO2max
Stensvold et al.²⁸28 Stensvold D, Tjonna AE, Skaug E-A, Aspenes S, Stolen T, Wisloff U, et al. Strength training versus aerobic interval training to modify risk factors of metabolic syndrome. J Appl Physiol 2010;108(4):804–10.	♀ S 50.9 ± 7.6 years	IT + RTa (n=10)	(HIIT) 4x4minx3min, 2x/week + RT AB, 7 exercises, 2-3x8-20rep x *min, 1x/ week: total 3x/week	70-95% HRmax, AR , 40-80% 1RM	12
		RT (n=11)	AB, 7 exercises, 2-3x8-20repx *min, 3x/ week.	40-80%1RM
		ITa (n=11)	4x4minx3min, 3x/week.	70-95% HRmax, AR
Tsitkanou et al.²¹21 Tsitkanou S, Spengos K, Stasinaki A-N, Zaras N, Bogdanis G, Papadimas G, et al. Effects of high-intensity interval cycling performed after resistance training on muscle strength and hypertrophy. Scand J Med Sci Sports in press.	♂ 21.8 ± 0.6 years	ITa + RT (n=11)	(HIIT) 10x1minx1min + (RT) 4 exercises: 4x 6rep x 3-5min: 2x/week.	85%RM, 100%MAP, PR	6
		RT (n=11)	4 exercises; 4x6repx3-5min; 2x/week.	85% RM	6
Wens et al.²⁵25 Wens I, Dalgas U, Vandenabeele F, Grevendonk L, Verboven K, Hansen D, et al. High intensity exercise in multiple sclerosis: Effects on muscle contractile characteristics and exercise capacity, a randomised controlled trial. Plos One 2015;10(9):1–13.	♂ 47 ± 3 years	ITa + RT (n=12)	(HIIT) 5x1-2minx1min + (RT) 6 exercises, 1-2 x 10-20 rep x *min: 2x/week	80-100% HRmax, ME	12
		CT+RT (n=11)	6-20min, 6 exercises, 1-2x10-20repx *min; 2x/week	80-90% HRmax, ME	12

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[1] Francisco José de Menezes Junior, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Educação Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Curitiba, PR, Brasil. Email: franciscomenezes@ufpr.br