Back to the sources: philosophy in Enem and reflections from and about the curriculum documents

Macedo, Ester Pereira Neves de

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Ensaio: Avaliação e Políticas Públicas em Educação

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

ARTIGO • Ensaio: aval. pol. públ. educ. 31 (118) • Jan-Mar 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-40362023003103307 copy

Back to the sources: philosophy in Enem and reflections from and about the curriculum documents

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This article investigates some reflections of the National Curriculum Guidelines (Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais - PCN) in the questions related to philosophy in the National High School Test (Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio - Enem) between 1998 and 2018. Having as point of departure elements shared by the PCNs, the Enem and the new National Common Core (Base Nacional Comum Curricular - BNCC), I argue that a balanced coverage of the skills and abilities that the PCNs propose for high school philosophy, with emphasis on the diversity of sources and tasks, is essential to guarantee the presence of philosophy in the exam in this new scenario. This article consists of three parts. The first brings an overview of the context in which the PCN were issued, some of its main characteristics and how philosophy appears in this context. The second part examines the intersection between the skills which the PCN recommend for high school philosophy and how they appear in the humanities component of Enem over the years. The third part points at challenges and possibilities for philosophy in Enem in the scenario after the new BNCC.

High School Philosophy; Large Scale Assessment; Curriculum Documents; Interdisciplinarity; Diversity

1998-2008	Item	Texto-Base	PCN (1999)	1a	1b	2	3
1	1999.10	Aquino, João Paulo II	1ab, 2, 3	X	X	X	x
2	1999.31	Copernico, Da Vinci	1ab, 2, 3	X	X	X	X
3	2000.04	Cícero, Ulpiano	1ab, 2, 3	X	X	X	X
4	2000.52	Locke	1a, 3	X			X
5	2000.53	Locke	1a, 3	X			X
6	2001.18	Bacon, R.	1a, 2, 3	X		X	X
7	2001.30	Hobbes, Bobbio	1a, 2	X		X
8	2001.31	Hobbes, Bobbio	1ab, 2	X	X	X
9	2001.57	Shakespeare	1b, 2, 3		X	X	X
10	2003.48	Montesquieu	1a, 3	X			X
2009-2011	Item	Texto-Base	PCN (1999)	1a	1b	2	3
11	2009.58	Aristóteles	1a	X
12	2010.29	Valéry	1a, 3	X			X
13	2010.30	Maquiavel	1a, 3	X			X
14	2010.34	Foucault	1a, 2	X		X
15	2010.39	Manual	1a	X
16	2010.44	Manual	1a, 3	X			X
17	2010.45	Quino	1b, 2		X	X
18	2011.02	Folha de S. Paulo	1b 2		X	X
2012-2018	Item	Texto-Base	PCN (1999)	1a	1b	2	3
19	2012.02	Kant	1a, 3	X			X
20	2012.07	Montesquieu	1a	X
21	2012.09	Habermas	1a, 3	X			X
22	2012.25	Platão e Parmênides	1a	X
23	2012.28	Descartes e Hume	1a, 2, 3	X		X	X
24	2012.30	Descartes e Hume	1a, 2	X		X
25	2012.31	Maquiavel	1a, 2, 3	X		X	X
26	2013.04	Descartes	1a	X
27	2013.10	Maquiavel	1a	X
28	2013.22	Montesquieu	1a, 3	X			X
29	2013.24	Bentham	1a, 3	X			X
30	2013.27	Aristóteles	1a	X
31	2013.36	Kant	1a, 2, 3	X		X	X
32	2013.41	Descartes e Bacon	1a, 2, 3	X		X	X
33	2014.04	Descartes	1a	X
34	2014.11	Vernant	1b, 2, 3		X	X	X
35	2014.12	Bioética	1b, 2, 3		X	X	X
36	2014.14	Habermas	1a	X
37	2014.19	Tucídides e Aristóteles	1ab, 2, 3	X	X	X	X
38	2014.24	Epicuro	1a	X
39	2014.25	Escola de Atenas	1b, 2, 3		X	X	X
40	2014.29	Galilei	1a, 2, 3	X		X	X
41	2015.03	Freire	1b, 2,3		X	X	X
42	2015.13	Trasímaco e Sócrates	1a	X
43	2015.16	Hume	1a	X
44	2015.17	Aquino	1a, 3	X			x
45	2015.26	Hobbes	1a	X
46	2015.28	Vernant	1b, 2, 3		X	X	X
47	2015.34	Nietzsche	1a, 2, 3	X		X	X
48	2015.42	Beauvoir	1a, 2, 3	X		X	X
49	2016.01	Schopenhauer	1a, 3	X			X
50	2016.06	Shakespeare	1b, 2, 3		X	X	X
51	2016.15	Adorno, Horkheimer	1a, 3	X			X
52	2016.20	Descartes	1a, 2	X		X
53	2016.23	Heráclito e Parmênides	1a, 2, 3	X		X	X
54	2016.24	Young	1a	X		X
55	2016.25	Jonas	1a, 2, 3	X		X	X
56	2016.28	Diógenes Laércio	1a, 2, 3	X		X	X
57	2016.37	Nietzsche	1a, 2, 3	X		X	X
58	2017.48	Bentham	1a	X
59	2017.49	Declaração dos Direitos do Homem e do Cidadão	1b, 2, 3		X	X	X
60	2017.64	Rawls	1a, 2, 3	X		X	X
61	2017.65	Hegel	1a, 2, 3	X		X	X
62	2017.66	Sócrates	1a	X
63	2017.84	Habermas	1a	X
64	2017.85	Kant	1a	X
65	2017.88	Aristóteles	1a	X
66	2018.49	Merleau-Ponty	1a	X
67	2018.51	Aquino	1a	X
68	2018.52	Hobbes e Rousseau	1a, 2	X		X
69	2018.66	Iluminismo	1b, 2, 3		X	X	X
70	2018.79	Epicuro	1a, 2, 3	X		X	X
71	2018.83	Agostinho	1a, 2	X		X
72	2018.89	Cunha	1b, 2, 3		X	X
73	2018.90	Bobbio	1a, 3	X			X

Competência PCNEM	Número de itens de Filosofia no Enem
Comunicação e Representação	78
Investigação e Compreensão	39
Contextualização Sociocultural	43

Fundação CESGRANRIO Revista Ensaio, Rua Santa Alexandrina 1011, Rio Comprido, 20261-903 , Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brasil, Tel.: + 55 21 2103 9600 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: ensaio@cesgranrio.org.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Informações sobre a autora

Ester Pereira Neves de Macedo: Doutora em Educação pela Universidade de Toronto/Ontario Institute for Studies in Education. Pesquisadora-Tecnologista do Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira. Contato: ester.macedo@inep.gov.br.