Decision-making in the face of bioethical conflict and training in Dentistry

Justen, Michelli; Pires, Fabiana Schneider; Warmling, Cristine Maria

doi:10.1590/1983-80422021292471

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Sumário

RESEARCH • Rev. Bioét. 29 (2) • Apr-Jun 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-80422021292471 copy

Decision-making in the face of bioethical conflict and training in Dentistry

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This study aims to understand the relationship between conceptions of ethics and decision making in situations of bioethical conflict in practices of first-year dentistry students. Holistic case study with a qualitative approach was carried out, in two steps: in the first, 62 participants answered an online form with two questions about conceptions of ethics; in the second, 59 deliberated on two health situations with bioethical conflict. Discursive textual analysis was performed. Results show that students understand ethics as individual guidance in social and profession conduct. In training, students’ restricted conceptions of ethics are amplified in the decision-making exercises in the face of bioethical conflicts. The role of singular contexts is an element for the decision-making in learning that includes respect for life and not just the treatment of disease. The topic of bioethics, thus transversalized in the formative process, values people-centered care.

Ethical analysis; Education, higher; Ethics, dental; Clinical decision-making

Zoboli Classification ⁶	Courses of action	Responses (n=36)
A	Request that the wife be tested for syphilis only after the husband tells her the truth	18
G	The professional must tell the wife	7
X ^*	Refer the case to another professional	4
J	The professional must refuse to apply the test without consent	2
D	Request tests for the wife without her knowing	2
K	Warn the wife about the disease and request a test, without telling the truth about the husband	2
F	Call the wife to the Basic Health Unit so husband and health professional can inform her about the syphilis and, if she accepts, request the test	1

Zoboli Classification	Courses of action	Responses (n=23)
D	The professional should indicate the condom and talk to the parents	7
B	Explain contraceptive methods and instruct the patient to talk to the parents	6
C	Not to prescribe contraceptives and instruct the adolescent to talk to the parents first	6
A	The professional should indicate the condom and not involve the parents	4

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[1] Correspondence Cristine Maria Warmling – Rua Dona Leonor, 194/1407 CEP 90420-180. Porto Alegre/RS, Brazil.

Preserving confidentiality (36 morning-class students responded)	Mr. M has syphilis. He doesn’t want to tell his wife what he has, but he wants to protect her from the disease. While in treatment, M asks that his wife be tested for syphilis without her knowledge.
Assisting adolescents (23 evening-class students responded)	B, 15 years old, shows up at the basic health unit and says that she recently fell in love with a 16-year-old boy. Her parents think she is too young and forbid her to date. The adolescent says she does not have an active sex life yet, but asks for a prescription for oral contraceptives. She also asks that nothing be told to her parents.