Anorexia nervosa e exercícios: questões éticas envolvendo profissionais de educação física

Anorexia nerviosa y ejercicios físicos: cuestiones éticas involucrando profesionales de educación física

Anorexia nervosa and exercise: ethical issues involving physical education professionals

Resumos

A anorexia nervosa acomete cerca de 0,3% a 1% de mulheres jovens. A prática de exercícios em excesso é um comportamento problemático que ocorre em 40% a 80% dos indivíduos diagnosticados com esse transtorno alimentar. Para que suspeitem da doença os profissionais de educação física devem conhecer os vários comportamentos que essas pessoas adotam quando praticam atividade física, estar atentos tanto quanto aos riscos/benefícios da prática como às questões éticas decorrentes de aceitar treinar indivíduos nesta situação, pois, apesar de existirem poucos estudos sobre essas questões, há argumentos contrários e favoráveis quanto à indicação de exercícios. Em todo caso, o princípio básico deve ser o mesmo que se aplica a qualquer indivíduo que esteja praticando exercícios sob supervisão: promover a saúde.

Educação física e treinamento; Exercício; Esportes; Anorexia nervosa; Transtornos dismórficos corporais

La anorexia nerviosa afecta alrededor del 0,3% a 1 % de mujeres jóvenes. La práctica de ejercicios en exceso es un comportamiento problemático que ocurre en 40% a 80 % de los individuos diagnosticados con ese trastorno alimentario. Para que sospechen de la enfermedad los profesionales de educación física deben conocer los distintos comportamientos que esas personas adoptan cuando practican actividad física, estar atentos en cuanto a los riesgos/beneficios de la práctica así como a las cuestiones éticas derivadas por aceptar entrenar individuos en esta situación, puesto que, aunque existan pocos estudios a respecto de esas cuestiones, hay argumentos en contra y a favor de la indicación de ejercicios. De todos modos, el principio básico es el mismo que se aplica a cualquier individuo que practique ejercicios bajo supervisión: promover la salud.

Educación y entrenamiento físico; Ejercicio; Deportes; Anorexia nerviosa; Transtornos dismórficos corporales

Anorexia nervosa affects from 0.3% to 1% of young women. Excessive exercise is a problematic behavior that occurs in 40% to 80% of individuals with this eating disorder. Physical education professionals must observe multiple behaviors to make the suspicious of this disorder, be aware about the risks/benefits as well as the ethical issues of accepting to train people with anorexia nervosa because, even with few studies on this issue, there are favorable and contrary arguments regarding the indication of exercises. In any case, the basic principle is the same of what is applicable in any training practice under supervision: to promote health.

Physical education and training; Exercise; Sports; Anorexia nervosa; Body dysmorphic disorders

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Datas de Publicação

• Publicação nesta coleção
  22 Maio 2014
• Data do Fascículo
  Abr 2014

Histórico

• Recebido
  11 Jun 2013
• Aceito
  05 Fev 2014
• Revisado
  30 Nov 2013