Aeromonas spp.: fatores de virulência e perfis de resistência a antimicrobianos e metais pesados

Aeromonas spp.: virulence factors and resistance patterns to antimicrobial and heavy metals

Resumos

As bactérias do gênero Aeromonas spp. são considerados como patógenos oportunistas carreadores de múltiplos fatores de virulência. O fenômeno da resistência aos antimicrobianos e metais pesados constitui outro problema, podendo ocorrer por diferentes fatores, dentre eles o uso indiscriminado de agentes antimicrobianos, poluição ambiental e a presença de mecanismos de resistência, como bombas de efluxo, sendo que muitos destes podem ser transmitidos por elementos genéticos móveis como os plasmídeos. O objetivo desse artigo é fazer uma revisão bibliográfica sobre os fatores de virulência, resistência a antimicrobianos e metais pesados, bem como os mecanismos que podem intervir nessa resistência e sua transferência entre bactérias do gênero Aeromonas. Os estudos dos fatores envolvidos no mecanismo de surgimento da resistência, aliado aos estudos de biologia molecular, fornecem subsídios para elaboração de métodos de controle e profilaxia dessas enfermidades de impacto aos organismos aquáticos, seres humanos e meio ambiente.

Micro-organismos; fatores de virulência; plasmídeo; bomba de efluxo

Bacteria from Aeromonas spp. genus are considered as opportunistic pathogens that can carry many virulence factors. The resistance phenomenon to antimicrobial drugs and heavy metals is another problem and may occurs by several factors, as the indiscriminate usage, environmental pollution and the presence of resistance determinants as efflux pumps, being many of them transmitted by genetic mobile elements as plasmid. The purpose of this article is to review about the virulence factors, antimicrobial and heavy metal resistance, as well as the mechanisms that can help its transfer among Aeromonas genus bacteria. Studies of the resistance mechanisms associated to molecular biology could produce information about control and prophylaxis methods to this disease of impact on aquatic organisms, man and environment.

Microorganisms; virulence factors; plasmid; efflux pump

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Datas de Publicação

• Publicação nesta coleção
  09 Set 2014
• Data do Fascículo
  Set 2012

Histórico

• Recebido
  25 Abr 2011
• Aceito
  02 Jul 2012