Habitat selection of the pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis and the blue crab Callinectes sapidus in an estuary in southern Brazil: influence of salinity and submerged seagrass meadows

Ruas, Vinicius Mendes; Rodrigues, Marcos Alaniz; Dumont, Luiz Felipe Cestari; D'Incao, Fernando

Abstract

This study was conducted in two estuarine inlets (Saco da Mangueira and Saco do Arraial) at the Patos Lagoon estuary, southern Brazil. The changes in relative abundance and size of post-larvae and juvenile shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis and juvenile blue crab Callinectes sapidus were compared, considering the influence of salinity and the presence of submerged seagrass meadows. The analyses were performed using generalized linear models (GLM) for abundance variations and ANOVA for variations on the size of individuals. The pink shrimp was more abundant at Saco da Mangueira, in seagrass meadows and areas of higher salinity. The blue crab was more abundant at Saco do Arraial and in lower levels of salinity. The importance of submerged vegetation for the blue crab lies in a preference of smaller crabs of the species for the seagrass meadows. It has been shown that these species choose different habitats in the estuary, and both the salinity and the presence of submerged seagrass meadows influence the selection of habitat.

Crustaceans; GLM; Patos Lagoon; submerged vegetation

Adnan, A.N.; Loneragan, N.R. and Connolly, R.M. 2002. Variability of and the influence of environmental factors on the recruitment of postlarval and juvenile Penaeus merguiensis in the Matang mangroves of Malaysia. Marine Biology, 141(2): 241-251.
Albertoni, E.F.; Palma-Silva, C. and Esteves, F.A. 2003. Natural diet of three species of shrimp in a tropical coastal lagoon. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 46(3): 395-403.
Almeida, H.L.P.S. and D'Incao, F. 1999. Análise do esforço de pesca do camarão-rosa (Farfantepenaeus paulensis) na Lagoa dos Patos, Brasil. Atlântica, 21: 77-92.
Bulger, A.J.; Lowery, T.A. and Monaco, M.E. 1995. Estuarine-catadromy: a life history strategy coupling marine and estuarine environments via coastal inlets. ELMR Rep. No. 14. NOAA/NOS Strategic Environmental Assessments Division, Silver Spring, EUA, 110 p.
Burnham, P.K. and Anderson, D.R. 2002. Models Selection and Multi-Model Inference: a practical information - theoretic approach. Springer-Verlag, New York. 488p.
Calazans, D. 1993. Key to the larvae and decapodids of genera of the infraorder Penaeidea from the southern Brazilian coast. Nauplius, 1: 45-62.
Cházaro-Olvera, S.; Winfield, I. and Coria-Olvera, V. 2009. Transport of Farfantepenaeus aztecus postlarvae in three lagoon-system inlets in the southwestern Gulf of Mexico. Crustaceana, 82(4): 425-437.
Copertino, M. and Seeliger, U. 2010. Habitats de Ruppia maritima e de macroalgas. In: U. Seeliger and C. Odebrecht (eds), O estuário da Lagoa dos Patos: um século de transformações. FURG, Rio Grande, Brasil, 179p.
Costa, R.C.; Lopes, M.; Castilho, A.L.; Fransozo, A. and Simões, S.M. 2008. Abundance and distribution of juvenile pink shrimps Farfantepenaeus spp. in a mangrove estuary and adjacent bay on the northern shore of São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development, 52: 51-58.
D'Incao, F. 1984. Estudo sobre o crescimento de Penaeus (Farfantepenaeus) paulensis Pérez-Farfante, 1967, da Lagoa dos Patos, RS, Brasil (Decapoda, Penaeidae). Atlântica, 7: 73-84.
D'Incao, F. 1990. Mortalidade de Penaeus (Farfantepenaues) paulensis Pérez Farfante, 1967 no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil (Crustacea, Penaeidae). Atlântica, 12(2): 31-51
D'Incao, F. 1991. Pesca e biologia da Penaeus paulensis na Lagoa dos Patos, RS. Atlântica, 13(1): 159-169.
D'Incao, F. 1999. Subordem Dendrobranchiata. In: L. Buckup and G. Bond-Buckup, (eds), Os Crustáceos do Rio Grande do Sul. UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brasil, 503p.
D'Incao, F.; Valentini, H. and Rodrigues, L.F. 2002. Avaliação da pesca de camarões nas regiões sudeste e sul do Brasil. Atlântica, 24(2): 103-116.
Epifanio, C.E. 2007. Biology of larvae. In: V.S. Kennedy and L.E. Cronin (eds), The blue crab Callinectes sapidus. Maryland Sea Grant College, Maryland, USA, 774p.
Garcia, A.M.; Vieira, J.P.; Bemvenuti, C.E. and Geraldi, R.M. 1996. Abundância e diversidade da assembléia de crustáceos decápodos dentro e fora de uma pradaria de Ruppia maritima no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos (RS-Brasil). Nauplius, 4(1):113-128.
Haywood, M.D.E.; Vance, D.J. and Loneragan, N.R. 1995. Seagrass and algal beds as nursery habitats for tiger prawns (Penaeus semisulcatus and P. esculentus) in a tropical Australian estuary. Marine Biology, 122: 213-223.
Heck Jr., K.L.; Hays, G. and Orth, R.J. 2003. Critical evaluation of the nursery role hypothesis for seagrass meadows. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 253: 123-136.
Hines, A.H.; Lipcius, R.N. and Haddon, A.M. 1987. Population dynamics and habitat partitioning by size, sex, and molt stage of blue crabs Callinectes sapidus in a subestuary of central Chesapeake Bay. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 36: 55-64.
Hovel, A.K. and Lipcius, R.N. 2002. Effects of seagrass habitat fragmentation on juvenile blue crab survival and abundance. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 271: 75-98.
Jorgensen, P.; Bemvenuti, C.E. and Hereu, C.M. 2009. Feeding of Farfantepenaeus paulensis (Pérez-Farfante, 1967) (Crustacea: Penaeidae) inside and outside experimental pen-culture in southern Brazil. Pan-American Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 4(1): 39-51.
Kalikoski, D.C. and Vasconcellos, M. 2013. Estudo das condições técnicas, econômicas e ambientais da pesca de pequena escala no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, Brasil: uma metodologia de avaliação. FAO, Circular de Pesca e Aquicultura No. 1075, Roma, 200p.
Kapusta, S.C. and Bemvenuti, C.E. 1998. Atividade nictimeral de alimentação de juvenis de Callinectes sapidus, Rathbun, 1895 (Decapoda: Portunidae) numa pradaria de Ruppia maritima L. e num plano não vegetado, numa enseada estuarina da Lagoa dos Patos, RS, Brasil. Nauplius, 6(1):41-52.
Lee, K.S.; Park, S.R. and Kim, Y.K. 2007. Effects of irradiance, temperature, and nutrients on growth dynamics of seagrasses: A review. Journal of Experimental Biology and Ecology, 350: 144-175.
Lhomme, F. 1992. Recruitment of postlarvae of the shrimp Penaeus subtilis (Perez Farfante, 1967) in 2 estuaries of French-Guiana. Annales de I'Institut Océanographique, 68(1-2): 169-178.
Lipcius, R.N.; Seitz, R.D.; Seebo, M.S. and Colón-Carrión, D. 2005. Density, abundance and survival of the blue crab in seagrass and unstructured salt marsh nurseries of Chesapeake Bay. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 319: 69-80.
McCullagh, P. and Nelder, J.A. 1989. Generalized Linear Models. Chapman and Hall, New York, 511p.
Melo, G.A.S. 1996. Manual de Identificação dos Brachyura (Caranguejos e Siris) do Litoral Brasileiro. Plêiade, São Paulo, 603p.
Möller, O.O.; Castelo, J.P. and Vaz, N.A. 2009. The effect of river discharge and winds on the interannual variability of the Pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis production in Patos Lagoon. Estuaries and Coasts, 32(4): 787-796.
Oliveira, A.; Pinto, K.T.; Santos, D.P.D. and D'Incao, F. 2006. Dieta natural do siri-azul Callinectes sapidus (Decapoda, Portunidae) na região estuarina da Lagoa dos Patos, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia, 96(3): 305-313.
Orth, R.J. and van Montfrans, J. 1987. Utilization of a seagrass meadow and tidal marsh creek by blue crabs Callinectes sapidus. I. Seasonal and annual variations in abundance with emphasis on post-settlement juveniles. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 41: 283-294.
Pereira, N. and D'Incao, F. 2012. Relationship between rainfall, pink shrimp harvest (Farfantepenaeus paulensis) and adult stock, associated with El Niño and La Niña phenomena in Patos Lagoon, southern Brazil. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 92(7): 1451-1456.
Pérez-Castañeda, R. and Defeo, O. 2001. Population variability of four sympatric Penaeid shrimps (Farfantepenaeus spp.) in a Tropical Coastal Lagoon of Mexico. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 52: 631-641.
Pérez-Castañeda, R. and Defeo, O. 2004. Spatial distribution and structure along ecological gradients: penaeid shrimps in a tropical estuarine habitat of Mexico. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 273: 173-185.
Pérez-Castañeda, R.; Blanco-Martínez, Z.; Sánchez-Martinez, J.G.; Rábago-Castro, J.L.; Aguirre-Guzmán, G. and Vásquez-Sauceda, M.L. 2010. Distribution of Farfantepenaeus aztecus and F. duorarum on submerged aquatic vegetation habitats along a subtropical coastal lagoon (Laguna Madre, Mexico). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of United Kingdom, 90(3): 445-452.
Perkins-Visser, E.; Wolcotth, T.G. and Wolcotth, D.L. 1996. Nursery role of seagrass beds: enhanced growth of juvenile blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus Rathbun). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 198: 155-173.
Posey, M.H.; Alphin, T.D.; Harwell, H. and Allen, B. 2005. Importance of low salinity areas for juvenile blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, in river-dominated estuaries of southeastern United States. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 319: 81-100.
Quinn, G.P. and Keough, M.J. 2002. Experimental Design and Data Analysis for Biologists. Cambridge, New York, 537p.
R Development Core Team. 2013. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Available at: http://www.R-project.org
Renfro, W.C. 1963. Small beam net for sampling postlarval shrimp. Circular United States Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Service, 161: 86-87.
Rodrigues, M.A. and D'Incao, F. 2008. Comparação do crescimento entre Callinectes sapidus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Portunidae) coletados em campo e mantidos em condições controladas. Iheringia, Série Zoologia, 98(3): 372-378.
Rodrigues, M.A. and D'Incao, F. 2014. Biologia reprodutiva do siri-azul Callinectes sapidus no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, RS, Brasil. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 40(2): 223-236.
Ruas, V.M.; Dumont, L.F. and D'Incao, F. 2011. Avaliação do tamanho de captura e estimativa da abundância do camarão-rosa Farfantepenaeus paulensis (Pérez Farfante 1967) no entorno da Ilha dos Marinheiros, estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, RS, Brasil. Atlântica, 33(2): 161-172.
Sánchez, A.J. 1997. Habitat preference of Penaeus duorarum Burkenroad (Crustacea: Decapoda) in a tropical coastal lagoon, southwest Gulf of Mexico. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 217: 107-117.
Shaw, R.G. and Mitchell-Olds, T. 1993. Anova for unbalanced data: an overview. Ecology, 74(6): 1638-1645.
Soares, R.; Peixoto, S.; Wasielesky, W. and D'Incao, F. 2005. Feeding rhythms and diet of Farfantepenaeus paulensis under pen culture in Patos Lagoon estuary, Brazil. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 322: 167-176.
Soares, R.; Peixoto, S.; Wasielesky, W. and D'Incao, F. 2008. Effects of feeding plant material on growth and survival of pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis Atlântica, 30(1): 17-22.
Staples, D.J. 1980. Ecology of juvenile and adolescent banana prawns, Penaeus merguiensis, in a mangrove estuary and adjacent off-shore area of the Gulf of Carpentaria. I. immigration and settlement of postlarvae. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 31(5): 635-652.
Tsuzuki, M. Y. 1995. Efeitos da temperatura e da salinidade na sobrevivência e crescimento de pós-larvas do camarão-rosa Penaeus paulensis (Pérez-Farfante, 1967) (Decapoda - Penaeidae). Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil, Master Dissertation, 125p. [Unpublished].
Underwood, A.J. 1981. Techniques of analysis of variance in experimental marine biology and ecology. Oceanography and Marine Biology An Annual Review, 19: 513-605.
Vance, D.J.; Haywood, M.D.E.; Heales, D.S.; Kenyon, R.A. and Loneragan, N.R. 1998. Seasonal and annual variation in abundance of postlarval and juvenile banana prawns Penaeus merguiensis and environmental variation in two estuaries in tropical northeastern Australia: a six year study. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 163: 21-36.
Vieira, R.R.R. and Calazans, D.K. 2010. Chave ilustrada para identificação das zoés de Brachyura do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos (RS) e região costeira adjacente. Biota Neotropica, 10(3): 431-437.
Williams, A.H.; Coen, L.D. and Stoelting M.S. 1990. Seasonal abundance, distribution, and habitat selection of juvenile Callinectes sapidus (Rathbun) in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 137: 165-183.
Young, P.C. and Carpenter, S.M. 1977. Recruitment of postlaval Penaeid prawns to nursery areas in Moreton Bay, Queensland Australian Journal Marine Freshwater Research, 28: 745-773.
Zar, J.H. 1984. Biostatistical Analysis. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey. 718p

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
28 Jan 2015
Date of issue
Dec 2014

History

Accepted
11 Oct 2014
Received
13 May 2014

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

[1] Adnan, A.N.; Loneragan, N.R. and Connolly, R.M. 2002. Variability of and the influence of environmental factors on the recruitment of postlarval and juvenile Penaeus merguiensis in the Matang mangroves of Malaysia. Marine Biology, 141(2): 241-251.

[2] Albertoni, E.F.; Palma-Silva, C. and Esteves, F.A. 2003. Natural diet of three species of shrimp in a tropical coastal lagoon. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 46(3): 395-403.

[3] Almeida, H.L.P.S. and D'Incao, F. 1999. Análise do esforço de pesca do camarão-rosa (Farfantepenaeus paulensis) na Lagoa dos Patos, Brasil. Atlântica, 21: 77-92.

[4] Bulger, A.J.; Lowery, T.A. and Monaco, M.E. 1995. Estuarine-catadromy: a life history strategy coupling marine and estuarine environments via coastal inlets. ELMR Rep. No. 14. NOAA/NOS Strategic Environmental Assessments Division, Silver Spring, EUA, 110 p.

[5] Burnham, P.K. and Anderson, D.R. 2002. Models Selection and Multi-Model Inference: a practical information - theoretic approach. Springer-Verlag, New York. 488p.

[6] Calazans, D. 1993. Key to the larvae and decapodids of genera of the infraorder Penaeidea from the southern Brazilian coast. Nauplius, 1: 45-62.

[7] Cházaro-Olvera, S.; Winfield, I. and Coria-Olvera, V. 2009. Transport of Farfantepenaeus aztecus postlarvae in three lagoon-system inlets in the southwestern Gulf of Mexico. Crustaceana, 82(4): 425-437.

[8] Copertino, M. and Seeliger, U. 2010. Habitats de Ruppia maritima e de macroalgas. In: U. Seeliger and C. Odebrecht (eds), O estuário da Lagoa dos Patos: um século de transformações. FURG, Rio Grande, Brasil, 179p.

[9] Costa, R.C.; Lopes, M.; Castilho, A.L.; Fransozo, A. and Simões, S.M. 2008. Abundance and distribution of juvenile pink shrimps Farfantepenaeus spp. in a mangrove estuary and adjacent bay on the northern shore of São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development, 52: 51-58.

[10] D'Incao, F. 1984. Estudo sobre o crescimento de Penaeus (Farfantepenaeus) paulensis Pérez-Farfante, 1967, da Lagoa dos Patos, RS, Brasil (Decapoda, Penaeidae). Atlântica, 7: 73-84.

[11] D'Incao, F. 1990. Mortalidade de Penaeus (Farfantepenaues) paulensis Pérez Farfante, 1967 no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil (Crustacea, Penaeidae). Atlântica, 12(2): 31-51

[12] D'Incao, F. 1991. Pesca e biologia da Penaeus paulensis na Lagoa dos Patos, RS. Atlântica, 13(1): 159-169.

[13] D'Incao, F. 1999. Subordem Dendrobranchiata. In: L. Buckup and G. Bond-Buckup, (eds), Os Crustáceos do Rio Grande do Sul. UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brasil, 503p.

[14] D'Incao, F.; Valentini, H. and Rodrigues, L.F. 2002. Avaliação da pesca de camarões nas regiões sudeste e sul do Brasil. Atlântica, 24(2): 103-116.

[15] Epifanio, C.E. 2007. Biology of larvae. In: V.S. Kennedy and L.E. Cronin (eds), The blue crab Callinectes sapidus. Maryland Sea Grant College, Maryland, USA, 774p.

[16] Garcia, A.M.; Vieira, J.P.; Bemvenuti, C.E. and Geraldi, R.M. 1996. Abundância e diversidade da assembléia de crustáceos decápodos dentro e fora de uma pradaria de Ruppia maritima no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos (RS-Brasil). Nauplius, 4(1):113-128.

[17] Haywood, M.D.E.; Vance, D.J. and Loneragan, N.R. 1995. Seagrass and algal beds as nursery habitats for tiger prawns (Penaeus semisulcatus and P. esculentus) in a tropical Australian estuary. Marine Biology, 122: 213-223.

[18] Heck Jr., K.L.; Hays, G. and Orth, R.J. 2003. Critical evaluation of the nursery role hypothesis for seagrass meadows. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 253: 123-136.

[19] Hines, A.H.; Lipcius, R.N. and Haddon, A.M. 1987. Population dynamics and habitat partitioning by size, sex, and molt stage of blue crabs Callinectes sapidus in a subestuary of central Chesapeake Bay. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 36: 55-64.

[20] Hovel, A.K. and Lipcius, R.N. 2002. Effects of seagrass habitat fragmentation on juvenile blue crab survival and abundance. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 271: 75-98.

[21] Jorgensen, P.; Bemvenuti, C.E. and Hereu, C.M. 2009. Feeding of Farfantepenaeus paulensis (Pérez-Farfante, 1967) (Crustacea: Penaeidae) inside and outside experimental pen-culture in southern Brazil. Pan-American Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 4(1): 39-51.

[22] Kalikoski, D.C. and Vasconcellos, M. 2013. Estudo das condições técnicas, econômicas e ambientais da pesca de pequena escala no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, Brasil: uma metodologia de avaliação. FAO, Circular de Pesca e Aquicultura No. 1075, Roma, 200p.

[23] Kapusta, S.C. and Bemvenuti, C.E. 1998. Atividade nictimeral de alimentação de juvenis de Callinectes sapidus, Rathbun, 1895 (Decapoda: Portunidae) numa pradaria de Ruppia maritima L. e num plano não vegetado, numa enseada estuarina da Lagoa dos Patos, RS, Brasil. Nauplius, 6(1):41-52.

[24] Lee, K.S.; Park, S.R. and Kim, Y.K. 2007. Effects of irradiance, temperature, and nutrients on growth dynamics of seagrasses: A review. Journal of Experimental Biology and Ecology, 350: 144-175.

[25] Lhomme, F. 1992. Recruitment of postlarvae of the shrimp Penaeus subtilis (Perez Farfante, 1967) in 2 estuaries of French-Guiana. Annales de I'Institut Océanographique, 68(1-2): 169-178.

[26] Lipcius, R.N.; Seitz, R.D.; Seebo, M.S. and Colón-Carrión, D. 2005. Density, abundance and survival of the blue crab in seagrass and unstructured salt marsh nurseries of Chesapeake Bay. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 319: 69-80.

[27] McCullagh, P. and Nelder, J.A. 1989. Generalized Linear Models. Chapman and Hall, New York, 511p.

[28] Melo, G.A.S. 1996. Manual de Identificação dos Brachyura (Caranguejos e Siris) do Litoral Brasileiro. Plêiade, São Paulo, 603p.

[29] Möller, O.O.; Castelo, J.P. and Vaz, N.A. 2009. The effect of river discharge and winds on the interannual variability of the Pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis production in Patos Lagoon. Estuaries and Coasts, 32(4): 787-796.

[30] Oliveira, A.; Pinto, K.T.; Santos, D.P.D. and D'Incao, F. 2006. Dieta natural do siri-azul Callinectes sapidus (Decapoda, Portunidae) na região estuarina da Lagoa dos Patos, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia, 96(3): 305-313.

[31] Orth, R.J. and van Montfrans, J. 1987. Utilization of a seagrass meadow and tidal marsh creek by blue crabs Callinectes sapidus. I. Seasonal and annual variations in abundance with emphasis on post-settlement juveniles. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 41: 283-294.

[32] Pereira, N. and D'Incao, F. 2012. Relationship between rainfall, pink shrimp harvest (Farfantepenaeus paulensis) and adult stock, associated with El Niño and La Niña phenomena in Patos Lagoon, southern Brazil. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 92(7): 1451-1456.

[33] Pérez-Castañeda, R. and Defeo, O. 2001. Population variability of four sympatric Penaeid shrimps (Farfantepenaeus spp.) in a Tropical Coastal Lagoon of Mexico. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 52: 631-641.

[34] Pérez-Castañeda, R. and Defeo, O. 2004. Spatial distribution and structure along ecological gradients: penaeid shrimps in a tropical estuarine habitat of Mexico. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 273: 173-185.

[35] Pérez-Castañeda, R.; Blanco-Martínez, Z.; Sánchez-Martinez, J.G.; Rábago-Castro, J.L.; Aguirre-Guzmán, G. and Vásquez-Sauceda, M.L. 2010. Distribution of Farfantepenaeus aztecus and F. duorarum on submerged aquatic vegetation habitats along a subtropical coastal lagoon (Laguna Madre, Mexico). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of United Kingdom, 90(3): 445-452.

[36] Perkins-Visser, E.; Wolcotth, T.G. and Wolcotth, D.L. 1996. Nursery role of seagrass beds: enhanced growth of juvenile blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus Rathbun). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 198: 155-173.

[37] Posey, M.H.; Alphin, T.D.; Harwell, H. and Allen, B. 2005. Importance of low salinity areas for juvenile blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, in river-dominated estuaries of southeastern United States. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 319: 81-100.

[38] Quinn, G.P. and Keough, M.J. 2002. Experimental Design and Data Analysis for Biologists. Cambridge, New York, 537p.

[39] R Development Core Team. 2013. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Available at: http://www.R-project.org

[40] Renfro, W.C. 1963. Small beam net for sampling postlarval shrimp. Circular United States Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Service, 161: 86-87.

[41] Rodrigues, M.A. and D'Incao, F. 2008. Comparação do crescimento entre Callinectes sapidus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Portunidae) coletados em campo e mantidos em condições controladas. Iheringia, Série Zoologia, 98(3): 372-378.

[42] Rodrigues, M.A. and D'Incao, F. 2014. Biologia reprodutiva do siri-azul Callinectes sapidus no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, RS, Brasil. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 40(2): 223-236.

[43] Ruas, V.M.; Dumont, L.F. and D'Incao, F. 2011. Avaliação do tamanho de captura e estimativa da abundância do camarão-rosa Farfantepenaeus paulensis (Pérez Farfante 1967) no entorno da Ilha dos Marinheiros, estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, RS, Brasil. Atlântica, 33(2): 161-172.

[44] Sánchez, A.J. 1997. Habitat preference of Penaeus duorarum Burkenroad (Crustacea: Decapoda) in a tropical coastal lagoon, southwest Gulf of Mexico. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 217: 107-117.

[45] Shaw, R.G. and Mitchell-Olds, T. 1993. Anova for unbalanced data: an overview. Ecology, 74(6): 1638-1645.

[46] Soares, R.; Peixoto, S.; Wasielesky, W. and D'Incao, F. 2005. Feeding rhythms and diet of Farfantepenaeus paulensis under pen culture in Patos Lagoon estuary, Brazil. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 322: 167-176.

[47] Soares, R.; Peixoto, S.; Wasielesky, W. and D'Incao, F. 2008. Effects of feeding plant material on growth and survival of pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis Atlântica, 30(1): 17-22.

[48] Staples, D.J. 1980. Ecology of juvenile and adolescent banana prawns, Penaeus merguiensis, in a mangrove estuary and adjacent off-shore area of the Gulf of Carpentaria. I. immigration and settlement of postlarvae. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 31(5): 635-652.

[49] Tsuzuki, M. Y. 1995. Efeitos da temperatura e da salinidade na sobrevivência e crescimento de pós-larvas do camarão-rosa Penaeus paulensis (Pérez-Farfante, 1967) (Decapoda - Penaeidae). Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil, Master Dissertation, 125p. [Unpublished].

[50] Underwood, A.J. 1981. Techniques of analysis of variance in experimental marine biology and ecology. Oceanography and Marine Biology An Annual Review, 19: 513-605.

[51] Vance, D.J.; Haywood, M.D.E.; Heales, D.S.; Kenyon, R.A. and Loneragan, N.R. 1998. Seasonal and annual variation in abundance of postlarval and juvenile banana prawns Penaeus merguiensis and environmental variation in two estuaries in tropical northeastern Australia: a six year study. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 163: 21-36.

[52] Vieira, R.R.R. and Calazans, D.K. 2010. Chave ilustrada para identificação das zoés de Brachyura do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos (RS) e região costeira adjacente. Biota Neotropica, 10(3): 431-437.

[53] Williams, A.H.; Coen, L.D. and Stoelting M.S. 1990. Seasonal abundance, distribution, and habitat selection of juvenile Callinectes sapidus (Rathbun) in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 137: 165-183.

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Brasil

Brasil

Habitat selection of the pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis and the blue crab Callinectes sapidus in an estuary in southern Brazil: influence of salinity and submerged seagrass meadows

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