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• Rev. Bras. Zool. 16 (3) • 1999 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-81751999000300010   copiar

Ecologia da comunidade de metazoários parasitos da anchova Pomatomus saltator (Linnaeus) (Osteichthyes, Pomatomidae) do litoral do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Community ecology of metazoan parasites of bluefish Pomatomus saltator (Linnaeus) (Osteichthyes, Pomatomidae) from the littoral of State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

Fifty-five specimens of bluefish, Pomatomus saltator (Linnaeus, 1766), collected at Cabo Frio (23ºS, 42ºW), State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between March 1995 and November 1995, were necropsied to study their infracommunities of metazoan parasites. Sixteen species of metazoan parasites were collected. All fish were parasitized by one or more metazoan. The digeneans were the majority of the parasite specimens collected, with 44.2%, followed by the helminth larval stages (cestodes, acanthocephalans, and nematodes) with 40.6%. The Simpson index for all parasite species was 0.097, indicating lack of dominance by any species in the parasite community. Microcotyle pomatomi Goto, 1899 showed the higher frequency of dominance and mean relative dominance. The parasite species of P. saltator showed the typical overdispersed pattern of distribution. The majority of parasite species showed positive correlation between the host's total body length and prevalence or parasite abundance. Two species, Brachyphallus parvus (Manter, 1947) and Phocanema sp. have differences in their prevalences and abundances in relation to sex of the hosts. The mean diversity in the infracommunities of P. saltator was H'=1.243±0.521, with correlation with the host's total length and without difference between male and female fish. The components of the parasite community of P. saltator showed overall positive association. All pairs confonned by ectoparasites and adult endoparasites species showed signiticant positive association or covariation between their abundances. Five pairs of endoparasites larval species showed positive association or covariation, and two pairs, showed negative association and covariation. The parasite community of P. saltator was dominated by species with high prevalence values, that composed a high number of associations, thus, is considered closer to the interactive type.

Pomatomidae; Pomatomus saltator; parasitic ecology; community structure; marine fish; bluefish; Brazil

Pomatomidae; Pomatomus saltator; parasitic ecology; community structure; marine fish; bluefish; Brazil

Ecologia da comunidade de metazoários parasitos da anchova Pomatomus saltator (Linnaeus) (Osteichthyes, Pomatomidae) do litoral do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil1 1 Trabalho desenvolvido com auxílio do CNPq. e da FAPERJ.

Community ecology of metazoan parasites of bluefish Pomatomus saltator (Linnaeus) (Osteichthyes, Pomatomidae) from the littoral of State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

José Luis Luque; Nilton Domingos Chaves

Curso de Pós-graduação em Parasitologia Veterinária, Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Caixa Postal 74508, 23851-970 Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. E-mail: jlluque@domain.com.br

ABSTRACT

Fifty-five specimens of bluefish, Pomatomus saltator (Linnaeus, 1766), collected at Cabo Frio (23ºS, 42ºW), State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between March 1995 and November 1995, were necropsied to study their infracommunities of metazoan parasites. Sixteen species of metazoan parasites were collected. All fish were parasitized by one or more metazoan. The digeneans were the majority of the parasite specimens collected, with 44.2%, followed by the helminth larval stages (cestodes, acanthocephalans, and nematodes) with 40.6%. The Simpson index for all parasite species was 0.097, indicating lack of dominance by any species in the parasite community. Microcotyle pomatomi Goto, 1899 showed the higher frequency of dominance and mean relative dominance. The parasite species of P. saltator showed the typical overdispersed pattern of distribution. The majority of parasite species showed positive correlation between the host's total body length and prevalence or parasite abundance. Two species, Brachyphallus parvus (Manter, 1947) and Phocanema sp. have differences in their prevalences and abundances in relation to sex of the hosts. The mean diversity in the infracommunities of P. saltator was H'=1.243±0.521, with correlation with the host's total length and without difference between male and female fish. The components of the parasite community of P. saltator showed overall positive association. All pairs confonned by ectoparasites and adult endoparasites species showed signiticant positive association or covariation between their abundances. Five pairs of endoparasites larval species showed positive association or covariation, and two pairs, showed negative association and covariation. The parasite community of P. saltator was dominated by species with high prevalence values, that composed a high number of associations, thus, is considered closer to the interactive type.

Key words: Pomatomidae, Pomatomus saltator, parasitic ecology, community structure, marine fish, bluefish, Brazil.

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Recebido em 13.I.1998; aceito em 12.VII.1999.

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  • 1
    Trabalho desenvolvido com auxílio do CNPq. e da FAPERJ.

    • Datas de Publicação

    • Publicação nesta coleção
      15 Jun 2009
    • Data do Fascículo
      1999

    Histórico

    • Recebido
      13 Jan 1998
    • Aceito
      12 Jul 1999
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