O Clostridium tetani e o tétano

Tavares, Walter

doi:10.1590/S0037-86821973000100007

ATUALIZAÇÃO

O Clostridium tetani e o tétano^* * Trabalho do Serviço de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias do Hospital Universitário Antonio Pedro (Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal Fluminense) - Niterói - Estado do Rio de Janeiro.

Walter Tavares

Professor Assistente da Disciplina de Clinicas de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias da Faculdade de Medicina da Univ. Fed. Fluminense

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1. BAUER, J. H. & MEYER, K. F. - Human intestinal carrier of tetanus spores in Califórnia - J. Inf. Dis., 38: 296, 1926.
2. BILLAUDELLE, H. G. - Theories on the pathogenesis of tetanus - Princirales on Tetanus - Proc. Inter. Conf. Tetanus, Bern, 1966, Hans Huber Publ., Bern & Stuttgard, pg. 149.
3. BRUCE, D. - Tetanus - J. Hyg. 19:1, 1920.
4. BULLOCK, W. E. & CRAMER, W. - On a new factor in mechanism of bacteriai iníection - Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) 90: 513, 1919.
5. BYTCHENCKO, B. - Distribuicion geografica mundial dei tetanus, 1951- 1960 - Boi. Ofic. Sanit. PanAmer. pg. 97, agosto 1966.
6. CHRISTENSEN, N. A. - Important concepts of tetanus that form basis of treatment - ibid Billaudelle, ref. 2, pg. 456.
7. CHRISTENSEN, N. A. - Meeting on epidemiology - III Intern. Conf. Tetanus - São Paulo, 1970.
8. CHRISTIE, A. B. - Infectious diseases - London, Livingstone Ltd., 1969.
9. DA VIS, B. D.; DULBECO, R.; EISEN, H. N.; GINSBERG, H. S. & WOO, W. B. - Microbiology - Harper & Row Publ., N.Y., 1969.
10. DIENES, L. - Isolation of L type cultures from Clostridia - Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 75: 412, 1950.
11. DUBOVSKY, B. J. & MEYER, K. F. - The ocorrence of B. tetani in soil and vegetables - J. Inf. Dis. 31: 614, 1922.
12. EDSALL, G. - Specific prophylaxis of tetanus - J.A.M.A. 171:, 417, 1959.
13. EDSALL, G.; LEVINE, L.; BELSEY, M. & MACLENNAN, R. - Single dose tetanus immunization with adsorbed toxoi - ibid Christensen, ref. 7.
14. FEDINEC, A. A. - Absorption and distribution of tetanus toxin in experimental animal - ibid Billaudelle, ref. 2, pg. 167.
15. FEDINEC, A. A. - Studies on the patogenesis of tetanus - ibid Christensen, ref. 7.
16. FILDES, P. - Isolation, morphology and cultural reactions of B. tetani - Brit. J. Exp. Path. 6: 62, 1925.
17. FILDES, P. - Conditions under which tetanus spores germinates in vivo - Brit. J. Exp. Path. 8: 387, 1927.
18. FILLER, R. M. & ELLEBECK, W. - Tetanus prophylaxis - J.A.M.A. 174: 1, 1960.
19. GILLES, E. C. - The isolation of tetanus bacilli from Street dust - J. A M. A. 109: 484, 1937.
20. HARDEGREE, M. C.; PALMER, A. E. & DUFFIN, N. - Tetanolysin: in vivo effects in animais - J. Inf. Dis. 123- 51, 1971.
21. ILDIRIM, I. e col. - Penetration of tetanus toxin and antitoxin from blood into cerebrospinal fluid - 69th Annual Meeting of Amer. Soc. Microb.. U.S.A., 1969.
22. ILDIRIM, I. - Intrathecal treatment of tetanus with antitetanus serum and prednisolone - ibid Christensen, ref. 7
23. KRYZHANOVSKY, G. N. - The neural pathway of toxin - ibid Billau delle, ref. 2, pg. 155.
24. KRYZHANOVSKY, G. N. - Open questions in the pathogenesis of tetanus - ibid Billaudelle, ref. 2, pg. 207,
25. LAHA, P. N. & VAISHYA, P. D. - Tetanus: a study of 1.000 cases - J. Indian Med. Ass. 44: 422, 1965.
26. LAVERGNE, V.; HELLUY, J. R. & FAIVRE, G. - L'inutilité du traitment local du tetanos - Press Med. sept. 1946, pg. 602.
27. LAVERGNE, V.; HELLUY, J. R. & FAIVRE, G. - Contribution a l'etude morphologique et biologique du C. tetani - Rev. Immun. 13: 315, 1949.
28. LEV, M. - Aerobic cultivation of C. tetani - J. Bact. 72: 718, 1949.
29. LUNDSGAARD-HANSEN, P.; STIRNEMANN, U.; STIRNEMANN, H. & RICHTERICH, R. - Enzymatic chan- ges in clinicai and experimental tetanus - ibid Billaudelle, ref. 2, pg. 191.
30. MACLUNG, L. S, - The anaerobic bactéria - Ann. Rev. Microb. 10: 173, 1956.
31. MELLANBY, J. - An analysis of peripheral action of tetanus toxin - ibid Christensen, ref. 7.
32. MELLANBY, J. - Possible value of ganglioside/cerebroside complex as a substitute for ATS prevention of tetanus - ibid Christensen, ref. 7.
33. MONTGOMERY, R. D. - The cause of death in tetanus - W. Ind. Med. J. 10: 84, 1961.
34. NATTAN-LARRIER, L.; RAMON, G. & GRASSET, E. - Contribution a 1'etude du passage des antigens a travers le placenta - Rev. lmmun. 24: 437, 1960.
35. NATTAN-LARRIER, L.; RAMON, G. & GRASSET, E. - L'anatoxine tetanique et rimmunité antitetanique chez la mere et le noveaux-né - Rev. Immun. 24: 442, 1960.
36. NINNI, C. - La presenza dei bacillo dei tetano nel tubo digerente dei picolli erbivori - Ann. d'igiene (Roma) 30: 756, 1920.
37. NISHIDA, S. - Biological properties and toxigenicity of C. tetani - ibid Billaudelle, ref. 2, pg. 111.
38. NOBLE, W. - Experimental study of the distribution and habitat of the tetanus bacillus - J. Inf. Dis. 16: 132, 1915.
39. OTTENI, J. C. & HERAN, J. - Physiopathologie du tetanus - Le Tetanos, table ronde. L'Expansion Scientifique Française Ed., Strasbourg, 1969.
40. PARISH, H. J. & CANNON, D. A. - Antisera, Toxoids, Vaccines and Tuberculins... E & S Livingstone Ltd., Edinburgh and London, 1962.
41. PARSONS, R. L.; HOFFMAN, W. W. & FEIGEN, G. A. - Mode of action of tetanus toxin on the neuromuscular junction - Amer. J. Phys. 210: 84, 1966.
42. PATEL, J. C. & MEHTA, B. C. - Failure of tetanus antiserum to prevent tetanus - J. Ind. Med. Ass. 40: 443, 1963.
43. PATEL, J. C. & MEHTA, B. C. - Serum requirements in tetanus - ibid Billaudelle, ref. 2, pg. 471.
44. PATEL, J. C. & GOODLUCK, P. L. - Serum therapy of neonatal tetanus - Amer. J. Dis. Child. 114: 131, 1967.
45. PETRILLA, A. - Results of active immunization of civilian population against tetanus - Acta Microb. Aca. Sc. Hung. 7: 65, 1960.
46. REGAMEY, R. H. - Metabolism of Pl. tetani and its relation to prophylaxis and therapeutic - ibid Billaudelle, ref. 2, pg. 121.
47. REY, M.; TRIAU, R.; DIOP-MAR, I. & SOW, A. - Single shot tetanus immunization and its application to mass - ibid Christensen, ref. 7.
48. ROUX, J. - Tetanos - la bacillemie exist-t-elle? - Rev. Med. Suisse rom n° 3, pg. 269, 1943.
49. RUSSEL, D. S. - The local fate of tetanus spores inoculated into guineapigs - Brit. J. Exp. Path. 8: 377, 1927.
50. SANADA, I. & NISHIDA, S. - Isolation of C. tetani from soil - J. Bact. 89: 626, 1965.
51. SCHEIBEL, I. & ASSANDRI, J. - In vitro sensitivity of C. tetani to antibiotics - Acta Path. Microb. Scand. 47 : 435, 1959.
52. SEBA, R. A.; TAVARES, W. & SOUZA, N. - Estudo comparativo da imunização antitetânica pelo toxoide tetânico fluido e precipitado pelo alumen - Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. 4: 229, 1970.
53. SERGEEV, T. I. & MATVEEV, K. I. Tétano e sua profilaxia na URSS em tempo de paz - J. Hyg. Epid. Microb. Immuni. 10: 133, 1966 (Trad. Folhas de Atualidades de Saúde Pública, n° 9, set. 1967, Dep. Nac. End. Rurais) .
54. SMITH, J. W. G. - Penicillin in prevention of tetanus - Brit. Med. J. 2: 1293, 1964.
55. SPAETH, R. - Immunization against tetanus - J.A.M.A. 132: 667, 1946.
56. STEIGMAN, A. J. - Abuse of tetanus toxoid - J. Ped. 72: 753, 1968.
57. TAVARES, W. & SEBA, R. A. - Contaminação do solo do Estado do Rio de Janeiro pelo C. tetani - I - Relação com a distribuição geográfica da doença - Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. 4: 331, 1970.
58. TAVARES, W.; SEBA, R. A. & COURA, J. R. - Contaminação do solo do Estado do Rio de Janeiro pelo C. tetani - III - Estudo da contaminaçao de áreas urbanas e rurais - Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. S. Paulo 13: 411, 1971.
59. TEMPE, J. D.; MONATH, Cl.; JAEGER, A. & MANTS, J. M. - Anatoxitherapie massive au cour du tetanos - ibid Otteni, ref. 39.
60. TURNER, J. B.; VELASCO-JOVEN, 64 E. A. & PRUDOVSKY, S. - Studies on the prophylaxis of tetanus - II - Studies pertaining to treatment - Buli. J. Hopkins Hosp. 102: 71, 1958.
61. VAN HEYNINGEN, W. E. - The fixation cf tetanus toxin in nervous tissues - J. Gen. Microb. 20: 291, 1959.
62. VERONESI, R. - Contribuição ao estudo clínico e experimental do tétano - Tese, S. Paulo, 1960.
63. VERONESI, R. & GUIDOLIN, R. - 67 Prevenção do tétano: papel das penicilinas - Rev. Paul. Med. 66: 281, 1965.
64. VERONESI, R.; CORRÊA, A.; ZTJCCAS W. A. & LOPES, O. S. - Tetanus immunization with a single dose of vaccine - Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. S. Paulo 8: 83, 1966.
65. WARTER, J.; MANTZ, J. M.; TEM PLE, J. D. & OTTONI, J. C. - Te tanos recidivant - Presse Med. 75: 1223, 1967.
66. WILSON, O. S. & MILES, A. A. - Tcpley and Wilson's Principies of Bacteriology and Immunity - 4rd ed' London, Edward Arnold, 1957.
67. WOODWARD, W. W. - Tetanus eight days after administration of antitetanus serum - Brit. Med. J. 5203: 916, 1960.

*

Trabalho do Serviço de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias do Hospital Universitário Antonio Pedro (Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal Fluminense) - Niterói - Estado do Rio de Janeiro.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
21 Jun 2013
Data do Fascículo
Fev 1973

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. BAUER, J. H. & MEYER, K. F. - Human intestinal carrier of tetanus spores in Califórnia - J. Inf. Dis., 38: 296, 1926.

[2] 2. BILLAUDELLE, H. G. - Theories on the pathogenesis of tetanus - Princirales on Tetanus - Proc. Inter. Conf. Tetanus, Bern, 1966, Hans Huber Publ., Bern & Stuttgard, pg. 149.

[3] 3. BRUCE, D. - Tetanus - J. Hyg. 19:1, 1920.

[4] 4. BULLOCK, W. E. & CRAMER, W. - On a new factor in mechanism of bacteriai iníection - Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) 90: 513, 1919.

[5] 5. BYTCHENCKO, B. - Distribuicion geografica mundial dei tetanus, 1951- 1960 - Boi. Ofic. Sanit. PanAmer. pg. 97, agosto 1966.

[6] 6. CHRISTENSEN, N. A. - Important concepts of tetanus that form basis of treatment - ibid Billaudelle, ref. 2, pg. 456.

[7] 7. CHRISTENSEN, N. A. - Meeting on epidemiology - III Intern. Conf. Tetanus - São Paulo, 1970.

[8] 8. CHRISTIE, A. B. - Infectious diseases - London, Livingstone Ltd., 1969.

[9] 9. DA VIS, B. D.; DULBECO, R.; EISEN, H. N.; GINSBERG, H. S. & WOO, W. B. - Microbiology - Harper & Row Publ., N.Y., 1969.

[10] 10. DIENES, L. - Isolation of L type cultures from Clostridia - Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 75: 412, 1950.

[11] 11. DUBOVSKY, B. J. & MEYER, K. F. - The ocorrence of B. tetani in soil and vegetables - J. Inf. Dis. 31: 614, 1922.

[12] 12. EDSALL, G. - Specific prophylaxis of tetanus - J.A.M.A. 171:, 417, 1959.

[13] 13. EDSALL, G.; LEVINE, L.; BELSEY, M. & MACLENNAN, R. - Single dose tetanus immunization with adsorbed toxoi - ibid Christensen, ref. 7.

[14] 14. FEDINEC, A. A. - Absorption and distribution of tetanus toxin in experimental animal - ibid Billaudelle, ref. 2, pg. 167.

[15] 15. FEDINEC, A. A. - Studies on the patogenesis of tetanus - ibid Christensen, ref. 7.

[16] 16. FILDES, P. - Isolation, morphology and cultural reactions of B. tetani - Brit. J. Exp. Path. 6: 62, 1925.

[17] 17. FILDES, P. - Conditions under which tetanus spores germinates in vivo - Brit. J. Exp. Path. 8: 387, 1927.

[18] 18. FILLER, R. M. & ELLEBECK, W. - Tetanus prophylaxis - J.A.M.A. 174: 1, 1960.

[19] 19. GILLES, E. C. - The isolation of tetanus bacilli from Street dust - J. A M. A. 109: 484, 1937.

[20] 20. HARDEGREE, M. C.; PALMER, A. E. & DUFFIN, N. - Tetanolysin: in vivo effects in animais - J. Inf. Dis. 123- 51, 1971.

[21] 21. ILDIRIM, I. e col. - Penetration of tetanus toxin and antitoxin from blood into cerebrospinal fluid - 69th Annual Meeting of Amer. Soc. Microb.. U.S.A., 1969.

[22] 22. ILDIRIM, I. - Intrathecal treatment of tetanus with antitetanus serum and prednisolone - ibid Christensen, ref. 7

[23] 23. KRYZHANOVSKY, G. N. - The neural pathway of toxin - ibid Billau delle, ref. 2, pg. 155.

[24] 24. KRYZHANOVSKY, G. N. - Open questions in the pathogenesis of tetanus - ibid Billaudelle, ref. 2, pg. 207,

[25] 25. LAHA, P. N. & VAISHYA, P. D. - Tetanus: a study of 1.000 cases - J. Indian Med. Ass. 44: 422, 1965.

[26] 26. LAVERGNE, V.; HELLUY, J. R. & FAIVRE, G. - L'inutilité du traitment local du tetanos - Press Med. sept. 1946, pg. 602.

[27] 27. LAVERGNE, V.; HELLUY, J. R. & FAIVRE, G. - Contribution a l'etude morphologique et biologique du C. tetani - Rev. Immun. 13: 315, 1949.

[28] 28. LEV, M. - Aerobic cultivation of C. tetani - J. Bact. 72: 718, 1949.

[29] 29. LUNDSGAARD-HANSEN, P.; STIRNEMANN, U.; STIRNEMANN, H. & RICHTERICH, R. - Enzymatic chan- ges in clinicai and experimental tetanus - ibid Billaudelle, ref. 2, pg. 191.

[30] 30. MACLUNG, L. S, - The anaerobic bactéria - Ann. Rev. Microb. 10: 173, 1956.

[31] 31. MELLANBY, J. - An analysis of peripheral action of tetanus toxin - ibid Christensen, ref. 7.

[32] 32. MELLANBY, J. - Possible value of ganglioside/cerebroside complex as a substitute for ATS prevention of tetanus - ibid Christensen, ref. 7.

[33] 33. MONTGOMERY, R. D. - The cause of death in tetanus - W. Ind. Med. J. 10: 84, 1961.

[34] 34. NATTAN-LARRIER, L.; RAMON, G. & GRASSET, E. - Contribution a 1'etude du passage des antigens a travers le placenta - Rev. lmmun. 24: 437, 1960.

[35] 35. NATTAN-LARRIER, L.; RAMON, G. & GRASSET, E. - L'anatoxine tetanique et rimmunité antitetanique chez la mere et le noveaux-né - Rev. Immun. 24: 442, 1960.

[36] 36. NINNI, C. - La presenza dei bacillo dei tetano nel tubo digerente dei picolli erbivori - Ann. d'igiene (Roma) 30: 756, 1920.

[37] 37. NISHIDA, S. - Biological properties and toxigenicity of C. tetani - ibid Billaudelle, ref. 2, pg. 111.

[38] 38. NOBLE, W. - Experimental study of the distribution and habitat of the tetanus bacillus - J. Inf. Dis. 16: 132, 1915.

[39] 39. OTTENI, J. C. & HERAN, J. - Physiopathologie du tetanus - Le Tetanos, table ronde. L'Expansion Scientifique Française Ed., Strasbourg, 1969.

[40] 40. PARISH, H. J. & CANNON, D. A. - Antisera, Toxoids, Vaccines and Tuberculins... E & S Livingstone Ltd., Edinburgh and London, 1962.

[41] 41. PARSONS, R. L.; HOFFMAN, W. W. & FEIGEN, G. A. - Mode of action of tetanus toxin on the neuromuscular junction - Amer. J. Phys. 210: 84, 1966.

[42] 42. PATEL, J. C. & MEHTA, B. C. - Failure of tetanus antiserum to prevent tetanus - J. Ind. Med. Ass. 40: 443, 1963.

[43] 43. PATEL, J. C. & MEHTA, B. C. - Serum requirements in tetanus - ibid Billaudelle, ref. 2, pg. 471.

[44] 44. PATEL, J. C. & GOODLUCK, P. L. - Serum therapy of neonatal tetanus - Amer. J. Dis. Child. 114: 131, 1967.

[45] 45. PETRILLA, A. - Results of active immunization of civilian population against tetanus - Acta Microb. Aca. Sc. Hung. 7: 65, 1960.

[46] 46. REGAMEY, R. H. - Metabolism of Pl. tetani and its relation to prophylaxis and therapeutic - ibid Billaudelle, ref. 2, pg. 121.

[47] 47. REY, M.; TRIAU, R.; DIOP-MAR, I. & SOW, A. - Single shot tetanus immunization and its application to mass - ibid Christensen, ref. 7.

[48] 48. ROUX, J. - Tetanos - la bacillemie exist-t-elle? - Rev. Med. Suisse rom n° 3, pg. 269, 1943.

[49] 49. RUSSEL, D. S. - The local fate of tetanus spores inoculated into guineapigs - Brit. J. Exp. Path. 8: 377, 1927.

[50] 50. SANADA, I. & NISHIDA, S. - Isolation of C. tetani from soil - J. Bact. 89: 626, 1965.

[51] 51. SCHEIBEL, I. & ASSANDRI, J. - In vitro sensitivity of C. tetani to antibiotics - Acta Path. Microb. Scand. 47 : 435, 1959.

[52] 52. SEBA, R. A.; TAVARES, W. & SOUZA, N. - Estudo comparativo da imunização antitetânica pelo toxoide tetânico fluido e precipitado pelo alumen - Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. 4: 229, 1970.

[53] 53. SERGEEV, T. I. & MATVEEV, K. I. Tétano e sua profilaxia na URSS em tempo de paz - J. Hyg. Epid. Microb. Immuni. 10: 133, 1966 (Trad. Folhas de Atualidades de Saúde Pública, n° 9, set. 1967, Dep. Nac. End. Rurais) .

[54] 54. SMITH, J. W. G. - Penicillin in prevention of tetanus - Brit. Med. J. 2: 1293, 1964.

[55] 55. SPAETH, R. - Immunization against tetanus - J.A.M.A. 132: 667, 1946.

[56] 56. STEIGMAN, A. J. - Abuse of tetanus toxoid - J. Ped. 72: 753, 1968.

[57] 57. TAVARES, W. & SEBA, R. A. - Contaminação do solo do Estado do Rio de Janeiro pelo C. tetani - I - Relação com a distribuição geográfica da doença - Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. 4: 331, 1970.

[58] 58. TAVARES, W.; SEBA, R. A. & COURA, J. R. - Contaminação do solo do Estado do Rio de Janeiro pelo C. tetani - III - Estudo da contaminaçao de áreas urbanas e rurais - Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. S. Paulo 13: 411, 1971.

[59] 59. TEMPE, J. D.; MONATH, Cl.; JAEGER, A. & MANTS, J. M. - Anatoxitherapie massive au cour du tetanos - ibid Otteni, ref. 39.

[60] 60. TURNER, J. B.; VELASCO-JOVEN, 64 E. A. & PRUDOVSKY, S. - Studies on the prophylaxis of tetanus - II - Studies pertaining to treatment - Buli. J. Hopkins Hosp. 102: 71, 1958.

[61] 61. VAN HEYNINGEN, W. E. - The fixation cf tetanus toxin in nervous tissues - J. Gen. Microb. 20: 291, 1959.

[62] 62. VERONESI, R. - Contribuição ao estudo clínico e experimental do tétano - Tese, S. Paulo, 1960.

[63] 63. VERONESI, R. & GUIDOLIN, R. - 67 Prevenção do tétano: papel das penicilinas - Rev. Paul. Med. 66: 281, 1965.

[64] 64. VERONESI, R.; CORRÊA, A.; ZTJCCAS W. A. & LOPES, O. S. - Tetanus immunization with a single dose of vaccine - Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. S. Paulo 8: 83, 1966.

[65] 65. WARTER, J.; MANTZ, J. M.; TEM PLE, J. D. & OTTONI, J. C. - Te tanos recidivant - Presse Med. 75: 1223, 1967.

[66] 66. WILSON, O. S. & MILES, A. A. - Tcpley and Wilson's Principies of Bacteriology and Immunity - 4rd ed' London, Edward Arnold, 1957.

[67] 67. WOODWARD, W. W. - Tetanus eight days after administration of antitetanus serum - Brit. Med. J. 5203: 916, 1960.

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O Clostridium tetani e o tétano

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