Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Córnea

Cornea

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

  • JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY WILMER EYE INSTITUTE MAUMENEE BUILDING ROOM 327 600 N. WOLFE STREET BALTIMORE, MD - 21205 - USA
  • O Tema
    A córnea, rica em sinais e sintomas (relacionados à alta sensibilidade e perdas de transparência), fundamental na óptica ocular ("in situ", seu poder dióptrico é mais do que o dobro do cristalino, ainda que, curiosamente, quando isolada, no ar, represente quase que apenas uma lâmina de faces paraleias) e estrutura em que as patologias são detectadas e diferenciadas por minúcias de observação merece dos oftalmologistas uma atenção especial. Progressos recentes nos conhecimentos sobre a fisiologia, etiopatogenia, diagnóstico e terapêutica das afecções da córnea traduzem a necessidade de suas atualizações. Embora necessariamente sintética, a revisão traz elementos variados sobre tais informações e fornece uma extensa bibliografia com a qual os aprofundamentos, de cada tópico apresentado serão possíveis.

REFERÊNCIAS

  • 1
    KLYCE, F.D. & BEUERMAN, R.W. - Structure and function of the cornea. In: KAUFMAN, H.E.; BARRON, B.A.; McDONALD, M.B.; WALTMAN, S.R. - The cornea. New York, Churchill Livingstone, 1988.
  • 2
    SEVEL, D.; ISAACS, R. - A re-evaluation of corneal development. Tr. Am. Ophthalmol. Soc., 86: 178-207, 1988.
  • 3
    KLYCE, F.D. & BEUERMAN, R.W. - Structure and function of the cornea. In: KAUFMAN, H.E.; BARRON, B.A.; McDONALD, M.B.; WALTMAN, S.R - The cornea. New York, Churchill Livingstone, 1988. p. 12-15.
  • 4
    CINTRON, C. - Unpredictable cornea cicatrization. Arch. Ophthalmol. 108: 154-1, 1990.
  • 5
    GOODMAN, G.L.; TROKEL, S.L.; STARK, W.J; MUNNERLYN, C.R; GREEN, W.R - Corneal healing following laser refractive keratectomy. Arch. Ophthalmol. 107: 1799-803, 1989.
  • 6
    McDONALD, M.B.; FRANTZ, J.M.; KLYCE, S.D.; BEUERMAN, R.W.; VARNELL, R.; MUNNERLYN, C.R; CLAPHAM, T.N.; SALMERON, B.; KAUFMAN, H.E. - Central photorefractive keratectomy for myopia. Arch Ophthalmol. 108: 799-808, 1990.
  • 7
    KENYON, K.; WAFAI, Z.; MICHELS, R.; CONWAY, B.; TOLENTINO, F. - Corneal basement membrane abnormality in diabetes mellitus. ARVO abstract. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., Suppl., 17: 245, 1978.
  • 8
    LINDSTROM, R.L. - Advances incorneal preservation. Tr. Am. Ophth. Soc. 88: 555-647, 1990.
  • 9
    INSLER, M.S. & LOPEZ, J.G. - Extended incubation times improve corneal endothelial cell transplantation success. Invest. Ophthalmol Vis. Sci., 32: 1828-36, 1991.
  • 10
    INSLER, M.S. & LOPEZ, J.G. - Heterologous transplantation versus enhacement of human corneal endothelium. Cornea, 10: 136-48, 1991.
  • 11
    TRIPATHI, B.J.; KWAIT, P.S.; TRIPATHI, RC. - Corneal Growth factors: a new generation of ophthalmic pharmaceuticals. Cornea, 9: 2-9, 1990.
  • 12
    DOHLMAN, C.H. - Phisiology of the cornea. In: SMOLIN, G. & THOFT, R.A. - The cornea. 2and Ed. Boston, Little Brown and Company. 1987.
  • 13
    MISHIMA, S. & MAURICE, D. - The effect of normal evaporation on the eye. Exp. Eye Res., 1: 46-52, 1961.
  • 14
    O'NEAL, M. & POLSE, K.- In vivo assesment of mechanisms controlling corneal hidratation. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 26: 849-56, 1985.
  • 15
    SMOLIN, G. - Dystrophies and degenerations. In: SMOLIN, G. & THOFT, R.A. - The Cornea. 2nd Ed. Boston, Little Brown and Company. 1987. p.446.
  • 16
    MANCHESTER, P.T. - Hydratation of the cornea. Tr. Am. Ophthalmol. Soc. 68: 425-61, 1970.
  • 17
    COHEN, S.R.; POLSE, K.; BRAND, R.J.; MANDELL, R.B. - Humidity effects on corneal hydratation. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 31: 1282-7, 1990.
  • 18
    MANDELL, R.B. & FARREL, R. - Corneal swelling at low atmospheric oxigen pressures. Invest Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 19: 697-702, 1980.
  • 19
    YTTEBORG, J. & DOHLMAN, C.H. - Corneal edema and intraocular pressure. II. Clinical results. Arch Ophthalmol. 74: 477-84, 1965.
  • 20
    KLYCE, F.D. & BEUERMAN, R.W. - Structure and function of the cornea. In: KAUFMAN, H.E.; BARRON, B.A.; McDONALD, M.B.; WALTMAN, S.R - The Cornea. New York, Churchill Livingstone, 1988. p.40.
  • 21
    KOCH, D.D.; FOULKS, G.N.; MORAN, T.; WAKIL, J.S. - The corneal Eye Sys system: accuracy analysis and reproducibility of first generation prototype. Refract. Corneal Surg., 5: 424-9, 1989.
  • 22
    KLYCE, S.D. & DINGELDEIN, S.A. - The topography of normal corneas. Arch Ophthalmol. 107: 512-8, 1989.
  • 23
    RABINOWITZ, Y.S. & McDONNEL, P.J. - Computer-assisted corneal topography in keratoconus. Refract. Corneal Surg. 5: 400-8, 1989.
  • 24
    MAGUIRE, L.J. & LOWRY, J.C. - Identifying progression of subclinical keratoconus by serial topography analysis. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 112: 41-5, 1991.
  • 25
    McDONNEL, P.G.; McCLUSKY, D.J.; GARBUS, J.J. - Corneal topography and fluctuating vision after radial keratotomy. Ophthalmol. 98: 665-70, 1989.
  • 26
    BOGAN, S.J.; WARING, G.O.; IBRAHIM, O.; DREWS, C.; CURTIS, L. - Classification of normal cornea topography based on computer-assisted videokeratography. Arch. Ophthalmol., 108: 945-9, 1990.
  • 27
    RONG, B-L.; PAVAN-LANGSTON, D.; WENG, Q.P.; MARTINEZ, R; CHERRY, J.M; DUNKEL, E.C. - Detection of Herpes Simplex virus thymidine kinase and latency-associated transcript gene polymerase chain reaction amplification. Inv. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 32: 1808-15, 1991.
  • 28
    PAVAN-LANGSTON, D. - Herpes Simplex ocular infections: current concepts of acute, latent, and reactivated disease. Tr. Am. Ophthalmol. Soc., 88: 729-96, 1990.
  • 29
    COLLUM, L; BENEDICT-SMITH, A.; HILLARY, I. - Randomized double blind trial of acyclovir and idoxiuridine in dendritic corneal ulceration. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 64: 766-9, 1980.
  • 30
    COSTER, D.; McKINNON, J.; McGILL, J.; et. al. - Clinical evaluation of adenine, arabinoside and trifluorothymine in the treatment of corneal ulcers caused by herpes simplex virus. J. Infect. Dis., 133: 173-6, 1976.
  • 31
    PAVAN-LANGSTON, D. - Clinical evaluation of adenine arabinoside and idoxiuridine in treatment of ocular herpes simplex. Am. J. Ophthalmol., 80: 495-502, 1975.
  • 32
    PAVAN-LANGSTON, D. & FOSTER, C.S. -Trifluorthymidine and idoxiuridine therapy of ocular herpes. Am. J. Ophthalmol., 84: 818-25, 1977.
  • 33
    BOISJOLY, H.M.; PARK, N-H.; PAVAN-LANGSTON, D.; DeCLERCQ, E. - Herpes simplex acyclovir-resistant mutant in experimental keratouveitis. Arch. Ophthalmol., 101: 1782-6, 1983.
  • 34
    DARRELL, RW. - Acyclovir in herpes simplex keratitis. Arch. Ophthalmol., 109: 333, 1991 [questions an answers].
  • 35
    DAVIS, A.; ASBELL, P.A.; KORMANN, J.; EL-MARSI, S.; KAMENAR, T.- Inhibition of corneal neovascularization in rabbits by angiostatic steroids in combination with heparin. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 29: 173a, 1988.
  • 36
    FOLKMAN, J.; WEISZ, P.B.; JOULLIE, M.M.; LI, W.W.; EWING, W.R - Control of angionesis with synthetic heparin substitutes. Science, 243: 1490-3, 1989.
  • 37
    KENNYON, K. & KENNYON, B. - Simplified superficial keratectomy for the management of keratoconus. 95th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Free papers: Cornea. Anahein, USA, 1991.
  • 38
    SMIDDY, W.E.; HAMBURG, T.R.; KRACHER, G.P.; STARK, W.J. - Keratoconus. Contact lens or keratoplasty? Ophthalmology, 95: 487-92, 1988.
  • 39
    FOULKS, G.N. & SANFILIPPO, F. - Beneficial effects of histocompability in high-risk corneal transplantation. Am. J. Ophthalmol., 94: 622-98, 1982.
  • 40
    BATCHELOR, J.R; CASEY, T.A.; GIBBS, D.S.; LLOYD, D.F.; WERB, A.; PRASAD, S.S.; JAMES, A. - HLA matching and corneal grafting. Lancet, 1: 551-4, 1976.
  • 41
    HILL, J.C. - The use of systemic cyclosporine A in human corneal transplantation. A preliminary report. Doc. Ophthalmol., 62: 337-44, 1976.
  • 42
    HILL, J.C. - The use of cyclosporine in high riskkeratoplasty. Am. J. Ophthalmol., 107: 506-10, 1989.
  • 43
    BRITTON, S. & PALACIOS, R. - Cyclosporine A: usefulness risks and mechanism of action. Immunology revue (USA), 6: 468-75, 1976.
  • 44
    GOICHOT-BONNAT, L.; DE BEAUREGARD, C.; SARAGOUSSI, J.J.; POULIQUEN, Y. - Usage de la cyclosporine A collyre dans la prevention du rejet de cornee chez I'homme. J. Fr. Ophthalmol., 10: 207-11, 1987.
  • 45
    HESSBURG, P.C. & BARRON, M.- A disposable corneal trephine. Ophthalm. Surg. 11: 730, 1980.
  • 46
    HANNAH, K.; SERDAREVIC, O.; GRIBOMONT, A.C.; SALVODELLI, M.; POULYQUEN, Y. - Keratotomie circulaire au laser Excimer. J. Fr. Ophthalmol., 10: 587-9, 1987.
  • 47
    LOERTSCHER, H.; MANDELBAUM, S.; PAREL, J.M.; PARRISH, RK. - Noncontact trephination of the cornea using a pulsed Hidrogen Fluoride Laser. Am. J. Ophthalmol., 104: 471-5, 1987.
  • 48
    HUNKELER, J. - Should an ophthalmologist in private practice purchasing an excimar laser?. Refract. Corneal Surg., 6:372-3, 1990.
  • 49
    STARK, W.J.; GILBERT, M.L.; GOTTSCH, J: MUNNERLYN, C. - Optical pachometry in the measurement of anterior corneal disease: An evaluative tool for phototherapeutic keratectomy. Arch. Ophthalmol. 108:12-3, 1990 [letters to the editor], correction in: Arch. Ophthalmol., 108:183, 1990.
  • 50
    STARK, W.J.; CHAMON, W.; ENGER, C.; KAMP, M. - Photo Therapeutic Keratectomy: two years follow-up [submitted].
  • 51
    FRIEDLANDER, M.H. - Editorial. Int. Ophthalmol. Clin., 31: XIII, 1991.
  • 52
    WARING, G.O.; LYNN, M.J.; NIZAM, A et al - Results of the Prospective Evaluation of Radial Keratotomy (PERK) study five years surgery. Ophthalmology, 98:1164-76, 1991.
  • 53
    JENSEN, R.P. - Hexagonal keratotomy: clinical experience with 483 eyes. Int. Ophthalmol. Clin., 31:69-73, 1991.
  • 54
    O'DELL, L. & WYZINSKI, P. - Hexagonal keratotomy for intraocular lens miscalculations. Can. J. Ophthalmol. 25:355-357, 1990.
  • 55
    SEILER, T.; MATALLANA, M.; BENDE, T. - Laser thermokeratoplasty by means of a pulsed Holmium: YAG laser forhyperopic correction. Refract. Corneal Surg., 6: 335-9, 1990.
  • 56
    NEUMANN, A.C.; SANDERS, D.R.; SALZ, J.J.; BESSINGER, D.J. RAANAM, M.G.; VAN DER KARR, M. - Effect of thermokeratoplasty on corneal curvature. J. Cataract Refract. Surg., 16:727-31, 1990.
  • 57
    SCHACHAR, R.A. - Radial thermokeratoplasty. Int. Ophthalmol. Clin., 31: 47-57, 1991.
  • 58
    WARRING, G.O. - Radial Keratotomy. In: KAUFMAN, H.E.; BARRON, B.A.; McDONALD, M.B.; WALTMAN, S.R. - The cornea. New York, Churchill Livingstone, 1988. p. 850.
  • 59
    WARRING, G.O. - Making sense of 'Keratospeak'. Arch. Ophthalmol., 103:1472-7, 1985.
  • 60
    LIEURANCE R.C.; PATEL, A.C.; WAN, W.L.;BEATTY, R.F.;KASH, R.L.;SCHANZLIN, D.J. - Excimer Laser cut lenticules for epikeratophakia. Am. J. Ophthalmol., 103:475-6, 1987.
  • 61
    McDONALD, M.B.; KAUFMAN, H.E.; AQUAVELLA, J. V. et al - The nationwide study of epikeratophakia for miopia. Am. J. Ophthalmol., 103: 375-83, 1987.
  • 62
    CUSUMANO, A.; BUSIN, M.; SPITZNAS, M.; KOCH, F. - Epikeratophakia for the correction of myopia: lenticule design and related histopathological findings. Refract. Corneal Surg., 6: 120-4, 1990.
  • 63
    BORES, L.D. - Mechanical modulation of the corneal surface. Int. Ophthalmol. Clin., 31: 25-36, 1991.
  • 64
    WARING, G.O. - Classification and terminology of laser corneal surgery: making sense of keratospeak III. Refract. Corneal Surg., 6: 318-20, 1990.
  • 65
    SEILER, T.; KAHLE, G.; KRIEGEROWSKI. M. - Excimer Laser (193nm) myopic keratomileusis in sighted and blind eyes. Refract. Corneal Surg., 6: 165-73, 1990.
  • 66
    WILSON, S.E. - Excimer laser (193) myopic keratomileusis: differenntial stability in lower and higher myopes. Refract. Corneal Surg. 6: 383-5, 1990 [Letters to the editor].
  • 67
    LANE, S.S. & LINDSTROM, R.L. - Polysulfone intracorneallenses. Int. Ophthalmol. Clin., 31: 37-46, 1991.
  • 68
    WARING, G.O. - Development of a system for excimer laser corneal surgery. Tr. Ophthalmol. Soc. 87: 854-83, 1989.
  • 69
    STEINERT, R.F. & PULIAFITO, C.A. - Lasers in corneal surgery. Ophthalmol. Clin. North Am., 2: 611-23, 1989.
  • 70
    KRAUSS, J.M.; PULIAFITO, C.A.; STEINERT, R.F. - Laser interactions with the cornea. Surv. Ophthalmol. 31: 37-53, 1986.

Datas de Publicação

  • Publicação nesta coleção
    Nov-Dec 1991
Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia Rua Casa do Ator, 1117 - cj.21, 04546-004 São Paulo SP Brazil, Tel: 55 11 - 3266-4000, Fax: 55 11- 3171-0953 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: abo@cbo.com.br