COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a national sample of older Brazilians: the ELSI-COVID Initiative, March 2021

Lima-Costa, Maria Fernanda; Macinko, James; Mambrini, Juliana Vaz de Melo

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Brasil

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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Sumário

Research Note • Epidemiol. Serv. Saúde 31 (1) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-49742022000100020 copy

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a national sample of older Brazilians: the ELSI-COVID Initiative, March 2021

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To determine prevalence and factors associated with intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19 among older Brazilians.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study based on telephone interviews with participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil) aged 60 years and over, conducted in 70 municipalities in March 2021.

Results:

Among the 4,364 participants (mean age = 70.1 years), 91.8% intended to get vaccinated or had already been vaccinated, 2.5% did not intend to get vaccinated and 5.7% were undecided. Participants living in the North and Southeast regions were more likely to want to get vaccinated, as were those with two or more chronic diseases. Those who learned about COVID-19 from friends/family/social media were more likely to be undecided about vaccination (odds ratio = 3.15; 95%CI 1.28;7.77).

Conclusion:

The study identified one of the highest prevalence of intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19 described in the literature to date.

Keywords:
COVID-19; Vaccines; Vaccination Refusal; Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Brazil

Characteristics	n (%)^a	Intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19
		Already vaccinated or intention to get vaccinated (reference)	Does not intend to get vaccinated		Undecided or does not know
		%^b (95%CI^c)	%^b (95%CI^c)	OR^d (95%CI^c)	%^b (95%CI^c)	OR^d (95%CI^c)
Total sample	4,364 (100.0)	91.8 (89.5;93.5)	2.5 (1.9;3.4)	-	5.7 (4.2;7.6)	-
Age group
60-69	2,270 (55.6)	91.5 (88.6;93.7)	2.3 (1.6;3.4)	1.00	6.2 (4.4;8.7)	1.00
70-79	1,447 (30.6)	90.0 (84.3;93.7)	3.5 (2.0;5.9)	1.53 (0.77;3.02)	6.5 (3.4;12.2)	1.08 (0.48;2.47)
≥80	647 (13.8)	96.7 (94.5;98.0)	1.4 (0.8;2.6)	0.58 (0.28;1.20)	1.9 (0.9;3.9)	0.29 (0.13;0.66)
Sex
Female	2,638 (49.3)	92.4 (90.3;94.1)	2.7 (2.0;3.7)	1.00	4.9 (3.5;6.9)	1.00
Male	1,726 (50.7)	91.2 (87.3;93.9)	2.4 (1.4;4.0)	0.87 (0.48;1.57)	6.5 (4.0;10.4)	1.35 (0.70;2.60)
Years of schooling
<4	2,704 (35.9)	91.9 (89.4;93.9)	2.9 (1.9;4.4)	1.00	5.2 (3.9;6.8)	1.00
5-8	754 (27.2)	94.1 (91.6;95.9)	2.3 (1.4;3.8)	0.75 (0.38;1.49)	3.6 (2.2;5.8)	0.61 (0.39;0.95)
9-11	627 (8.1)	91.9 (88.1;94.5)	4.6 (2.6;8.0)	1.55 (0.72;3.33)	3.6 (2.1;5.9)	0.61 (0.36;1.05)
≥12	279 (28.8)	89.3 (81.1;94.2)	1.7 (0.5;5.5)	0.60 (0.15;2.37)	9.0 (4.6;16.7)	1.68 (0.66;4.28)
Zone of residence
Urban	3,682 (85.1)	91.9 (89.5;93.8)	2.5 (1.8;3.4)	1.00	5.6 (4.1;7.7)	1.00
Rural	682 (14.9)	90.9 (85.8;94.2)	3.0 (1.7;5.4)	1.28 (0.66;2.48)	6.1 (3.5;10.6)	1.10 (0.58;2.11)
Region
Midwest	531 (9.8)	90.2 (84.3;94.1)	3.6 (2.1;6.0)	1.00	6.3 (3.4;11.1)	1.00
North	148 (6.1)	97.2 (93.4;98.8)	0.3 (0.0;1.6)	0.08 (0.01;0.46)	2.5 (0.1;6.2)	0.33 (0.10;1.02)
Northeast	1,225 (25.6)	92.6 (89.2;94.9)	3.4 (2.1;5.4)	0.90 (0.43;1.88)	4.1 (2.6;6.4)	0.63 (0.28;1.39)
Southeast	1,831 (41.4)	91.5 (87.2;94.4)	1.7 (1.1;2.7)	0.45 (0.22;0.94)	6.8 (4.2;10.8)	1.02 (0.47;2.21)
South	629 (17.1)	90.2 (83.2;94.5)	3.5 (1.6;7.4)	0.97 (0.38;2.48)	6.3 (3.3;11.7)	0.97 (0.38;2.48)
Number of chronic diseases^d
None	2,042 (50.4)	92.3 (89.8;94.2)	2.7 (2.0;3.7)	1.00	5.0 (3.4;7.4)	1.00
One	1,411 (34.7)	90.0 (84.8;93.5)	1.9 (1.0;3.5)	0.69 (0.36;1.33)	8.1 (4.7;13.6)	1.66 (0.82;3.39)
Two or more	555 (14.9)	96.0 (93.2;97.7)	1.2 (0.6;2.3)	0.41 (0.20;0.83)	2.8 (1.4;5.6)	0.54 (0.24;1.21)
Household registered with the Family Health Strategy
No	1,502 (39.5)	90.1 (85.5;93.4)	2.8 (1.6;5.0)	1.00	7.1 (4.3;11.5)	1.00
Yes	2,783 (60.5)	92.7 (90.7;94.3)	2.4 (1.7;3.4)	0.85 (0.42;1.91)	4.9 (3.6;6.6)	0.69 (0.38;1.26)
Main source of information about COVID-19
Ministry of Health	1,727 (40.7)	93.5 (91.0;95.3)	2.7 (1.6;4.6)	1.00	3.8 (2.5;5.9)	1.00
Traditional media (TV channels and newspapers)	1,499 (35.4)	93.5 (87.7;96.7)	1.2 (0.7;2.1)	0.44 (0.20;0.94)	5.3 (2.3;11.6)	1.36 (0.49;3.79)
Family members, friends or social media	275 (6.4)	85.8 (77.1;91.5)	3.6 (1.9;6.8)	1.39 (0.59;3.24)	10.6 (5.3;20.3)	3.15 (1.28;7.77)
Other source or does not trust any of them	677 (17.5)	88.1 (82.8;91.9)	4.2 (2.4;7.1)	1.66 (0.77;3.58)	7.7 (4.5;13.1)	2.10 (1.02;4.31)
Sample size	4,364	4,000^e	135		229

Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente - Ministério da Saúde do Brasil SRTVN Quadra 701, Via W5 Norte, Lote D, Edifício P0700, CEP: 70719-040, +55 61 3315-3464, Fax: +55 61 3315-3464 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
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[1] Correspondence
Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa lima.costa@fiocruz.br